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PubMed1985

Interactions of immunoglobulin G, fibrinogen and fibronectin with Staphylococcus hyicus and Staphylococcus intermedius.

Binding of immunoglobulin G, fibrinogen and fibronectin to 112 cultures of coagulase-positive staphylococci together with 7 of coagulase-negative S. hyicus subsp. chromogenes were investigated. Of the coagulase-positive staphylococcal cultures 45 were S. hyicus subsp. hyicus, 51 S. intermedius and 16 S. aureus. All 45 S. hyicus subsp. hyicus cultures coagulated plasma preparations from pigs and not always those from sheep, rabbits and dogs. Labelled IgG was bound by all cultures of S. hyicus subsp. hyicus and S. aureus, but only by 6 of 51 S. intermedius cultures. Fibrinogen interacted with 28 of the 45 S. hyicus subsp. hyicus cultures, with 17 of the 51 S. intermedius cultures and with S. aureus throughout. Fibronectin reacted with 19 cultures of S. hyicus subsp. hyicus, 11 of S. intermedius and all S. aureus. The binding activities for labelled IgG were more pronounced than those for fibrinogen and fibronectin. None of the 7 cultures of S. hyicus subsp. chromogenes bound any of these plasma proteins. Bindings of fibrinogen and fibronectin to S. hyicus subsp. hyicus and S. intermedius elicited only in part distinct clumping reactions of the staphylococci in the respective plasma proteins.

Animals↗
PubMed1987

Enterotoxin production by strains of Staphylococcus intermedius and Staphylococcus aureus isolated from dog infections.

Sixty-six strains of S. intermedius and 10 of S. aureus isolated from infected dogs were examined for enterotoxin production. 39.5% of the strain (37.9% of S. intermedius and 50% of S. aureus) produced one or more enterotoxins. The predominant types produced by S. intermedius were C1 and C2, and only two of the strains synthesized enterotoxin A. One of the S. aureus strains produced the toxic shock syndrome toxin 1.

Animals↗
PubMed1988

Deoxyribonucleic acid relatedness amongst Staphylococcus epidermidis and Staphylococcus saprophyticus strains.

The degree of binding was determined between DNA preparations from 65 staphylococci representing cluster defined in a numerical phenetic survey and 3H-labelled DNA from reference strains of S. epidermidis, S. haemolyticus, S. hominis, S. saprophyticus and S. warneri. The congruence between the DNA pairing and numerical phenetic data was good with S. epidermidis and S. saprophyticus being shown to be genomic species. However, some strains identified as S. epidermidis using recommended diagnostic procedures were found to belong to other taxa, notably S. simulans and S. warneri. The moles percent guanine plus cytosine content of the DNA of the test strains was within the range 27 to 34.

Base Composition↗
PubMed2001

Staphylococcus aureus and Staphylococcus epidermidis peptide pheromones produced by the accessory gene regulator agr system.

The accessory gene regulator (agr) system of staphylococci regulates the expression of virulence factors in response to cell density. The extracellular signaling molecule encoded by this system is a thiolactone-containing pheromone peptide whose primary sequence varies among staphylococcal strains. A post-translational modification of the peptide is believed to be carried out by an enzyme with a novel function, AgrB. Staphylococcal pheromones show cross-inhibiting properties: Pheromones of self and pheromones of non-self induce and suppress the agr response, respectively, and have therefore been proposed as novel anti-staphylococcal drugs. As inhibition of agr leads to diminished expression of toxins, but to increased expression of colonization factors and biofilm formation, their therapeutic potential remains yet to be evaluated in depth.

Anti-Bacterial Agents↗
PubMed2004

Staphylococcus aureus, but not Staphylococcus epidermidis, modulates the oxidative response and induces apoptosis in human neutrophils.

S. epidermidis is the most common isolate in foreign body infections. The aim of this study was to understand why S. epidermidis causes silent biomaterial infections. In view of the divergent inflammatory responses S. epidermidis and S. aureus cause in patients, we analyzed how they differ when interacting with human neutrophils. Neutrophils interacting with S. epidermidis strains isolated either from granulation tissue covering infected hip prostheses or from normal skin flora were tested by measuring the oxidative response as chemiluminescence and apoptosis as annexin V binding. Different S. aureus strains were tested in parallel. All S. epidermidis tested were unable to modulate the oxidative reaction in response to formyl-methionyl-leucyl-phenylalanine (fMLP) and did not provoke, but rather inhibited, apoptosis. In contrast, some S. aureus strains enhanced the oxidative reaction, and this priming capacity was linked to p38-mitogen-activated-protein-kinase (p38-MAPK) activation and induction of apoptosis. Our results may explain why S. epidermidis is a weak inducer of inflammation compared to S. aureus, and therefore responsible for the indolent and chronic course of S. epidermidis biomaterial infections.

Annexin A5↗
PubMed1996

Ingestion of Staphylococcus aureus, Staphylococcus epidermidis, and Escherichia coli by human peritoneal mesothelial cells.

In the present study we examined whether mesothelial cells can ingest and digest bacteria. The results showed that all strains were ingested. Ingested staphylococci proliferated abundantly, and only a few were digested. Escherichia coli, however, was digested during the first 8 h, whereafter the mesothelial cells disintegrated and proliferation of bacteria could be observed. The clinical implications of these findings are discussed.

Cells, Cultured↗