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[Tetracycline and stained teeth].
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[A dental substance-sparing procedure for esthetic care of devitalized anterior teeth].
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Intrusion injuries of primary incisors. Part III: Effects on the permanent successors.
Intrusion injuries of the primary dentition are highly associated with developmental disturbances of their successor teeth. The age of the child at the time of injury, the direction and severity of the intrusion, and the presence of alveolar bone fracture are important variables influencing the effect of primary tooth intrusion on the developing permanent germ. The developmental defects of the permanent successor tooth range from mild alteration in enamel mineralization to severe sequestration of the developing germ. This article will review the developmental anomalies of the permanent incisors induced by intrusion injuries of their predecessors.
Letter: Tetracyclines and dental staining.
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Intraoral camera helps predict and prevent tooth loss.
The video exam has proven to be a most effective means of re-establishing trust between patient and dentist by making the patient a co-diagnostician. In fact, it is not uncommon for patients to stop the diagnosis and ask specific questions about what they see. They can begin to diagnose pathology even before the dentist mentions it. A major benefit to the dentist is that invariably the exam reveals conditions not seen with typical clinical exams even using magnification loops. Although the intraoral camera has been around for more than a decade, its benefit during the video exam is more important now than ever before (8, 9). Every new patient and all patients of record should have the benefit of a video exam, as well as the dentist.
Extensive aesthetic rehabilitation with CAD/CAM all-ceramic crown restorations.
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Vertical shoulder preparation design for porcelain laminate veneer restorations.
The clinical success of porcelain laminate veneers depends on numerous factors that include the framework of the dental and gingival structures and their ability to withstand masticatory forces. In order to ensure aesthetic harmony, the clinician must reproduce numerous anatomical components (e.g., cementoenamel junction, points of concavity, developmental lobes, line angles, incisal edge survey form) in restorations while simultaneously providing sufficient functional integrity. This article demonstrates the vertical shoulder preparation design, which enhances the aesthetics and stabilization factors of porcelain laminate veneer restorations.
Abrasiveness of an air-powder polishing system on root surfaces in vitro.
OBJECTIVE: The purpose of this study was to evaluate the abrasiveness of a new air polisher on root surfaces. METHOD AND MATERIALS: Fifty extracted human teeth were air polished for 5 seconds. RESULTS: All root surfaces showed a circular defect visible with the naked eye. Scanning electron microscope examination showed smooth crater walls and a few open dentin tubules, but most seemed to be obliterated. Laser profilometry of the exposed areas revealed defects with an average depth of 484 microns, whereas the unexposed root surfaces showed irregularities with an average depth of 323 microns. The depths of the abraded areas were evaluated in relation to the values for the unexposed surfaces, and an average depth of 161 microns was found. The difference between the exposed and unexposed surfaces was statistically significant. CONCLUSION: The present study indicates that the air polisher has a strong abrading effect on exposed root surfaces and should therefore be used with caution on patients with gingival retractions.
Achieving an aesthetic smile design with integrated single- and multi-unit metal-free restorations.
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Utilizing pressed ceramic restorations to solve various aesthetic and functional dilemmas.
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Changing faces with indirect veneers.
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Anticaries profile qualification of an improved whitening dentifrice.
A series of pH cycling "profile" laboratory studies was conducted to confirm the anticaries potential of an enhanced cleaning and whitening dentifrice based on a novel abrasive polishing silica and pyrophosphate tartar control source, with sodium fluoride as the anticaries ingredient. Under pH cycling remineralization conditions, the whitening dentifrice produced lesion fluoridation comparable to a conventional tartar control dentifrice containing combinations of pyrophosphate anion and a NaF fluoride ion source. Under pH cycling lesion progression conditions, the whitening dentifrice produced enamel protection against caries development, comparable to control dentifrices containing NaF alone or in combination with tartar control pyrophosphate anion. These results are consistent with clinical data supporting the effectiveness of NaF dentifrices combined with anionic tartar control inhibitors such as pyrophosphate. These results support the anticaries effectiveness of the enhanced cleaning and whitening dentifrice based upon "Stain-Specific Soft Silica."
Comparison of the mechanical effects of a toothbrush and standard abrasive on human and bovine dentine in vitro.
Dentine abrasion is an important possible side effect of individually used mechanical oral hygiene products. Since human teeth are sometimes not available in sufficient numbers for research purposes, bovine teeth are often used as a substitute for in vitro tests of dentine abrasion. The aim of the present comparative study was to determine the mechanical effects of a manual toothbrush and a standard abrasive on human and bovine dentine under standardized conditions. Roots of human and bovine teeth were radioactivated and subjected to standardized machine brushing using a manual toothbrush and a standard abrasive slurry. Dentine abrasion was assessed by measuring radioactive phosphorus contained in the slurry after brushing. Non-radioactive human and bovine roots were brushed in the same machine, and the generated surface roughness was assessed using profilometry. Artificially stained human and bovine roots were brushed as described, and the cleaning effect was expressed as the extent of stain-free surfaces after different brushing times. The results for abrasion and surface roughening found with bovine and human dentine suggest that if standardized methods are used, roots of bovine mandibular front teeth can be used in place of human roots for in vitro studies of the mechanical effects of toothbrushes and toothpastes on dentine. The use of bovine dentine for measuring the cleaning effects of these products is, however, not recommended.
Correlation of eruption of the rat incisor to remodelling of the periodontium.
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Suggestion can help.
One cannot practise dentistry without realising that for the patient, the control of pain and fear is extremely important. Modern technical advances have made painless dentistry a reality and yet research has shown that more people avoid dental treatment through fear of pain than all other factors combined. Dental surgeons and psychologists agree that patients frequently magnify their unpleasant dental experiences. There are deep-seated psychological reasons for this exaggerated fear; the mouth being a highly charged erotogenic region, is a primary zone of interaction with the environment and can have important far-reaching emotional significance. To many people the anticipation of dental treatment is sufficient to arouse extreme anxiety. Dental schools lay great emphasis on basic medical sciences and the technical excellence of students, the psychosomatic approach to the alleviation of apprehension, fear and pain is meanwhile often sadly neglected. The use of controlled suggestion and hypnosis can be shown to play a very important role in clinical dentistry.
Minimally invasive restorative treatment.
Minimally invasive restorative treatment implements need-, damage-, and risk-balanced dental care while ensuring that the ends and means are reconciled. Using examples from initial treatment of carious lesions, maintenance and correction of existing restorations, treatment of traumatic damage, and direct color and form correction of teeth, a preventively offensive and restoratively defensive treatment concept is presented. Such a concept demands of the dentist greater diagnostic efforts and more highly differentiated employment of invasive treatment methods. Demands on the patients are greater as well: they must be willing to comply with regular post-treatment examinations. In return, one receives the option of minimizing the sacrifice of maintainable hard tooth structures and avoiding extensive, large-scale dental procedures.