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At least 271 records · Page 15Linked to original sources
PubMed1997

The action of the rectus femoris muscle following distal tendon transfer: does it generate knee flexion moment?

Rectus femoris transfer surgery involves detaching the rectus femoris from the patella and reattaching it posterior to the knee. While this procedure is thought to convert the rectus femoris from a knee extensor to a knee flexor, the moments generated by this muscle after transfer have never been measured. We used intramuscular electrodes to stimulate the rectus femoris in four subjects, two after transfer to the semitendinosus and two after transfer to the iliotibial band, while measuring the resultant knee moment. Electromyographic activity was monitored in the quadriceps, hamstrings, and gastrocnemius muscles to verify that the rectus femoris was the only muscle activated by the stimulus. We found that the rectus femoris generated a knee extension moment in all of the subjects tested. This finding suggests that transfer surgery does not convert the rectus femoris to a knee flexor, and that a mechanism exists which may transmit the force generated by the rectus femoris anterior to the knee joint center after distal tendon transfer.

Adolescent↗
PubMed2006

Cortical reorganization following intradigital tendon transfer.

We distinguish between two models of adult cortical reorganization, adaptive and constant somatotopy, using functional magnetic resonance imaging maps corresponding to individual thumb and fourth-finger digits in a patient with a right-hand fourth digit tendon transfer that salvaged impaired function of the right thumb. Comparison of motor and sensory maps for both digits and both hands was consistent with a model of 'adaptive somatotopy' in which thumb control was taken over by regions adjacent to the fourth finger control cluster rather than at the presurgical lateral region as predicted by a model of 'constant somatotopy'. These findings are the first to demonstrate that rerouting of peripheral input, in the absence of brain injury, is sufficient to drive cortical reorganization resulting in recovery of lost motor function, and further suggest an adaptive mechanism associated with brain tissue engaged in intact motor functions.

Aged, 80 and over↗
PubMed2002

In vivo motion of the rectus femoris muscle after tendon transfer surgery.

Rectus femoris transfer surgery is performed to convert the rectus femoris muscle from a knee extensor to a knee flexor. In this surgery, the distal tendon of the rectus femoris is detached from the patella and reattached to one of the knee flexor tendons. The outcomes of this procedure are variable, and it is not known if the surgery successfully converts the muscle to a knee flexor. We measured the motion of muscle tissue within the rectus femoris and vastus intermedius during knee extension in 10 unimpaired control subjects (10 limbs) and 6 subjects (10 limbs) after rectus femoris transfer using cine phase-contrast magnetic resonance imaging. Displacements of the vastus intermedius during knee extension were similar between control and tendon transfer subjects. In the control subjects, the rectus femoris muscle consistently moved in the direction of the knee extensors and displaced more than the vastus intermedius. The rectus femoris also moved in the direction of the knee extensors in the tendon transfer subjects; however, the transferred rectus femoris displaced less than the vastus intermedius. These results suggest that the rectus femoris is not converted to a knee flexor after its distal tendon is transferred to the posterior side of the knee, but its capacity for knee extension is diminished by the surgery.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1988

Tendon transfer for lateral ankle and subtalar joint instability.

Seventy-three patients suffering from lateral instability of the ankle joint, bilateral in 6 cases and combined with subtalar instability in 25, were operated on using the distal part of the peroneus brevis tendon. The tendon was pulled through two bore canals in the lateral malleolus and fixed in a bore hole in the calcaneus. The direction of the tendon in relation to the calcaneus and the talus was varied depending upon the type of instability. At 9 and 24 months follow-up, all but 2 patients had substantial reduction of the radiographically measured instability. No subtalar instability could be disclosed, and all the patients could return to normal levels of activity. The operation can be recommended for chronic lateral ankle and subtalar joint instability.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1981

Tendon transfers for peripheral nerve injuries of the lower extremity.

1. Nerve injuries in the lower extremity not infrequently result in paralysis of the muscles innervated by the injured nerve. 2. Disability caused by residual paralysis can be reduced by appropriate muscle transfers. 3. Deformity must be corrected before muscle transfer. 4. The most useful transfers in the lower extremities are the transfer of the tibialis posterior tendon anteriorly for correction of the equinovarus deformity of peroneal nerve injury; the transfer of the tibialis anterior with or without the peroneus longus to the calcaneus to prevent calcaneus deformity caused by loss of the triceps surae; and the transfers of the biceps femoris and semitendinosus to the patella to replace a paralyzed quadriceps. 5. Stability in the lower extremity is of prime importance and, if significant foot deformity is present at the time of transfer, a triple or subtalar arthrodesis is indicated as an associated procedure in transfers about the ankle.

Adult↗