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PubMed1985

Survey of purchasers of The APIC Curriculum for Infection Control Practice: findings and recommendations.

A survey of purchasers of The APIC Curriculum for Infection Control Practice was conducted in early 1985 by the APIC Curriculum Committee to determine characteristics of purchasers, usability of the text, reasons for purchase, and availability of references cited. Data were obtained from 342 (54.3%) respondents to a nationwide mail survey sent to a 20% sample (630) of all who were purchasers prior to January 1985. The average purchaser was an Infection Control Practitioner (ICP) who was a nurse employed by an acute care community hospital and had 6.9 years experience in infection control practice; 41% of purchasers worked in hospitals with greater than 300 beds. APIC members represented 93% of the respondents, and their disciplines were similar to those of the membership. Primary reasons for purchasing the Curriculum were to use it as the major reference for infection control information and to study for the Infection Control Certification Examination. Almost half of the respondents had taken and passed the examination. The overall satisfaction with format and style suggests that it was well-received and usable. Purchase of the Curriculum was strongly associated with hospital size. ICPs practicing in hospitals with less than 100 beds were less likely to have purchased the book than those in larger hospitals. Availability of references was also associated with hospital size. Future editions of the Curriculum need to reflect consideration of the relationship between hospital size and availability of references in their approach to completeness of information.(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS)

Adult↗
PubMed1984

Pregnancy, labor and body image in the United States.

Although substantial research has been done showing how alienation (which in Ollman's terms means that "an essential tie has been cut in the middle") manifests itself in the domain of human labor, little has been done to discover how similar processes might operate in other domains. I examine women's images of their bodies while they are pregnant, using Lakoff and Johnson's method of looking for metaphors that are presupposed in our ordinary language. I uncover several central images, all of which display a marked sense of separation of self from the parts of the body, and a passive stance in which events are described as happening to rather than being brought about by the speaker. Turning to written texts, I find that the literature on childbirth (from opposite ends of the spectrum--popular literature advocating prepared childbirth on one end and obstetrical texts for medical students on the other) holds an assumption in common: that the uterus is an involuntary muscle. This is so despite evidence to the contrary cited in the texts themselves. I explore the implications of this imagery for obstetrical treatment of 'uterine inertia' and show the similarity between this imagery and ideas about women's physiology that were current in the 19th century.

Body Image↗
PubMed1992

His and hers: male and female anatomy in anatomy texts for U.S. medical students, 1890-1989.

Much recent work on gender has emphasized how ideas of male and female differences underlie cultural assumptions about appropriate social relations, behavior, institutions and knowledge. This study focuses on the specific ways that anatomy texts for medical students in the United States have presented male and female anatomy between 1890 and 1989, using both numerical data and analysis of textual examples from 31 texts. Despite public debates about gender representation, anatomy texts have generally remained consistent in how 'the' human body has been depicted in this century. In illustrations, vocabulary and syntax, these texts primarily depict male anatomy as the norm or standard against which female structures are compared. Modern texts thus continue long-standing historical conventions in which male anatomy provides the basic model for 'the' human body.

Anatomy↗
PubMed1984

Isadore Lampe.

Explore the source record for details and available documents.

History, 20th Century↗
PubMed1992

Pain and addiction: an urgent need for change in nursing education.

Lack of education of health care professionals, including nurses, is frequently cited as a major reason for undertreatment of patients with pain. A reason for undertreatment of pain with opioid analgesics is the irrational fear of creating opioid addiction. To characterize the information nurses receive in their basic education that could contribute to misinformation about this issue, the authors reviewed 14 nursing textbooks, published since 1985, including 8 pharmacology texts and 6 medical surgical texts. An analysis of content revealed that only one textbook correctly stated the definition of opioid addiction and its likelihood following use of opioid analgesics for pain control. Almost all of the texts used confusing terminology, and some erroneously promoted the fear of addiction when opioids are used for pain relief. A simple solution to this problem is to encourage nursing educators to use the American Pain Society publication "Guidelines for Analgesic Use" until textbooks have the opportunity to incorporate correct information.

Attitude of Health Personnel↗
PubMed1990

The slow diffusion of the DNA paradigm into biology textbooks.

The science textbook is a complex product of social, commercial and intellectual forces rather than a simple collection of scientific facts. It can serve as a valuable tool in tracking the assimilation of scientific change, providing insight into scientific revolutions.

Biology↗
PubMed2004

"Read Guyton".

During my medical school years, I became acquainted with Dr. Guyton's physiology textbook. This book was very instrumental in shaping my future career in cardiovascular medicine.

Cardiovascular Physiological Phenomena↗
PubMed2005

The oncologic surgery of Serefeddin Sabuncuoglu in the 15th century.

Serefeddin Sabuncuoglu (AD 1385-1468) was the author of the first illustrated surgical textbook in the Turkish-Islamic literature, Cerrahiyyet'ul-Haniyye (Imperial Surgery), written in old Turkish in 1465. Cerrahiyyet'ul-Haniyye, consists of three chapters and 193 sections which include coloured miniatures of surgical procedures, incisions, and instruments, for a variety of surgical specialties, including oncology. Serefeddin Sabuncuoglu was a surgeon, medical teacher, deontologist and a miniature artist who should be remembered as a contributor to the modern medical practice six centuries later.

History, 15th Century↗
PubMed2004

Forensic medicine in the German Democratic Republic.

Forensic medicine services were resumed in the territory of the Soviet occupation zone in early summer 1945. One coherent legal system was established, following the foundation of the German Democratic Republic (GDR), 7 October 1949. Forensic medicine was subject of teaching and examinations from the very outset. Sub-specialisation (fellowship) was introduced in 1955. The Gesellschaft für Gerichtliche Medizin der DDR (GDR Society of Forensic Medicine) was established in 1967 and began to organise with high continuity a wide-ranging variety of scientific events. Almost all administrative districts had their own institute of forensic medicine by 1990.

Academies and Institutes↗
PubMed2004

Textbooks on legal medicine in the German-speaking countries.

In this survey, the textbooks on legal medicine which were published in the German-speaking countries from the 17th century up to now are briefly reviewed. The textbooks with the most impact on the further development of legal medicines were those published by Johann Ludwig Casper in Berlin and Eduard Ritter von Hofmann in Vienna in the 19th century. The main textbooks of the 20th century are addressed as well, also the different development in both German countries.

Europe↗
PubMed2006

Disparities in dermatology educational resources.

Patients with dark skin can present with morphologic variants, subtle disease presentations, and disease manifestations requiring unique management and therapies. With African Americans, Asians, and Hispanic Americans becoming a significant portion of the population, dermatologists must be able to diagnose and manage skin conditions in people of color. In this study, core dermatology educational sources were examined to determine if they provide dermatologists and trainees with the knowledge base necessary to diagnose and treat skin disease in the ethnic patient. Overall, the coverage of dark skin at national meetings and in photographs in the major dermatology resources is limited and variable. More consistent photographic coverage and textual information describing common and serious skin diseases in people of color should be incorporated into educational resources.

Dermatology↗