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At least 271 records · Page 15Linked to original sources
PubMed1992

Long-term effects of superficial femoral vein ligation: thirteen-year follow-up.

This study examines the late clinical, hemodynamic, and anatomic results of superficial femoral vein ligation performed in 35 extremities that were followed an average of 13 1/2 years (range, 5 to 22 years). Indications for interruption were to prevent recurrent embolization from distal deep venous thrombosis (14 cases), to prevent emboli in patients with contraindication to anticoagulants (eight cases), to prevent distal reflux in selected patients undergoing iliofemoral thrombectomy (11 cases), and to control reflux in failed venous reconstruction (two cases). Ligation was effective in the prevention of pulmonary emboli as indicated by no significant clinical events and 15 negative postligation ventilation-perfusion scans. Long-term clinical follow-up showed normal (class 0) or near-normal (class 1) extremities in 83%. Fourteen percent developed mild to moderate symptoms of pain or swelling but without ulceration (class 2), and only one case (3%) had ulcerative sequelae (class 3). The only two findings that correlated with worse clinical outcome were the presence of an incompetent profunda femoris or an obstructed greater saphenous vein. Profunda femoris reflux was found in 60% (3/5) of patients with class 2 or 3 sequelae, which was significantly higher than the 14% (3/22) found in those patients with class 0 or 1 results (p < 0.05). Obstruction of the greater saphenous vein was found in 50% of those patients with class 2 or 3 results as opposed to 9% with class 0 or 1 results (p = 0.05). A large collateral vessel between the profunda femoris and the distal superficial femoral or popliteal vein was associated with poor long-term results.(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS)

Adult↗
PubMed2000

Harvesting the superficial femoral vein as an autograft.

The superficial femoral-popliteal vein (SFPV) is an excellent conduit for reconstructing large arteries and veins. Herein we describe the anatomy, preoperative evaluation, and exposure technique of the SFPV. Harvesting the SFPV from the level of the knee joint to the confluence with the profunda femoris vein is associated with minimal mid- and late-term venous morbidity. These vein grafts have proved to be durable conduits, particularly in the aortofemoral position.

Femoral Vein↗
PubMed1993

Prosthetic microvenous grafting in the rat femoral vein.

Male Wistar rats were used to evaluate microvenous prosthetic grafting techniques and microvenous prostheses in the femoral vein. With the end-to-end technique to implant microvenous prostheses, there was extensive exposure of vessel wall collagen especially at the suture sites. Thrombus formation then led to complete occlusion in all but one of the 32 prostheses 60 min after implantation. However, with the sleeve anastomotic technique there was only minimal exposure of collagen and minimal thrombus accumulation. Fifty-nine of the 64 microvenous prostheses implanted with the sleeve technique were patent after 1 day, 1, 3, 6, and 12 weeks (patency rate 92%). All patent microvenous prostheses were completely covered by an endothelial layer after 3 weeks. It was concluded that the rat is an appropriate experimental laboratory animal for evaluating new grafting techniques with microvenous prostheses and that the sleeve anastomotic technique gives the highest patency rates with microvenous prostheses.

Anastomosis, Surgical↗
PubMed1980

Temporary transvenous pacing and femoral vein thrombosis.

The true incidence of thrombosis and pulmonary embolism in patients requiring temporary transvenous pacing via the femoral vein in unknown. Twenty-nine patients, mean age 66.2 years (range 38-79 years) who required temporary pacing were studied by bilateral contrast venography and perfusion lung scanning after removal of the pacing catheter. The patients were subdivided into two subgroups based on hemodynamic status. There was no statistical difference between the two groups with respect to mean age or the time the pacer catheter was in place and all patients were placed on low-dose heparin therapy. Ten patients (34%) had venographic evidence of thrombosis; six of them (60%) showed lung scan evidence of pulmonary emboli. The hemodynamically compromised group consisted of seven patients, six (85%) of whom had thrombosis; three of these six (50%) had pulmonary emboli. Of the 22 patients in the hemodynamically stable group, four (18%) had thrombosis and two of these (50%) had pulmonary emboli. Venous thrombosis, with subsequent pulmonary emboli, is a serious complication of temporary transvenous pacing using the femoral approach, despite the use of prophylactic low-dose heparin.

Adult↗
PubMed1976

The haemodynamic and antithrombotic effects of intermittent pneumatic calf compression of femoral vein blood flow. A comparison between different pump types.

The haemodynamic effects of intermittent pneumatic calf compression on femoral vein blood flow in dogs and patients were studied by measurement with an electromagnetic flow meter. Two pump types were compared at different inflation pressures, one with a continuous inflation-deflation cycle of 2 min and the other causing inflation over 3 sec and deflation over 20 sec, with a frequency of three per minute. A fast rate of splint inflation created a greater haemodynamic change in net volume flow, peak flow and flow amplitude with an optimal pressure of 40 mmHg. The slower pump in fact decreased mean volume flow. Using an experimental thrombosis model both pump types significantly prolonged the occlusion time of implanted steel tubes, but did not differ from each other.

Animals↗
PubMed1991

Coronary sinus blood flow and coronary haemodynamic function in children: measurement by the continuous thermodilution method with coronary sinus cannulation via the femoral vein.

In 19 children with Kawasaki disease without any cardiac sequelae the coronary sinus was cannulated via the femoral vein with a specially designed flow catheter and coronary sinus blood flow was measured by the continuous thermodilution method. There was a statistically significant positive correlation between coronary sinus blood flow and age, body surface area, and left ventricular mass, but coronary sinus blood flow per left ventricular mass (100 g) was negatively correlated with age, body surface area, and left ventricular mass. Coronary vascular resistance was negatively correlated with age, body surface area, and left ventricular mass. Younger children require a much greater coronary blood flow per left ventricular mass and have a higher coronary vascular resistance than older children and adolescents. These results may indicate that coronary blood flow is less efficient in childhood than in adolescence or adulthood.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1994

Superficial femoral vein: a useful autogenous harvest site.

PURPOSE: The purpose of this study was to present the use of superficial femoral vein (SFV) as an arterial bypass graft when ipsilateral saphenous vein is inadequate. METHODS: Data collected prospectively were reviewed on 24 patients (25 limbs) who had an arterial bypass with SFV performed by the authors between January 1, 1988, and December 31, 1991. Many anatomic sites are represented. The indication for operation was gangrene in six patients, severe rest pain or ulceration in 11, mild to moderate rest pain in six, and graft infection in two. There had been 42 previous reconstructions in these 25 limbs. RESULTS: There has been surprisingly little long-term disability from removal of the SFV. Immediately after surgery four limbs developed acute venous congestion that resolved quickly. Twenty percent of the patients with patent grafts have continued to wear a pressure gradient stocking for swelling 1 year after surgery, one patient requires additional pressure to control induration. All grafts were patent at 30 days. During a mean follow-up of 2 years, three grafts have required revision, and three have occluded. Stenosis did not develop at valve sites or in the body of the SFV portion of any of these grafts. There were two deaths from heart-related causes in the first 30 days after operation. Life-table analysis for the whole group shows a primary patency rate of 66% (SE 10.3%) and an assisted patency rate of 80% (SE 8.7%) at 2 years. CONCLUSIONS: SFV harvest is well tolerated, even in the absence of ipsilateral saphenous vein. The magnitude of the operation is greater than saphenous vein harvest but yields a thick-walled vein of excellent diameter with many applications as an autogenous conduit, particularly where a large-diameter graft is indicated.

Aged↗
PubMed1989

Is nitric oxide the only endothelium-derived relaxing factor in canine femoral veins?

Nitric oxide may be an endothelium-derived relaxing factor in systemic arteries and pulmonary veins. The endothelium-derived relaxing factor of systemic veins has not been characterized. Experiments were designed to determine whether the endothelium-derived relaxing factor of systemic veins shared chemical properties and mechanisms of action with nitric oxide. Rings of the canine femoral vein with and without endothelium were suspended in organ chambers for the measurement of isometric force. In rings without endothelium, relaxations to nitric oxide were augmented by superoxide dismutase plus catalase and were inhibited by hemoglobin, methylene blue, and LY 83583. The endothelium-dependent relaxations to acetylcholine and A23187 were not augmented by superoxide dismutase plus catalase but were inhibited by hemoglobin and only moderately reduced by either methylene blue or LY 83583. Relaxations to sodium nitroprusside were not inhibited by methylene blue and LY 83583. Relaxations to sodium nitroprusside were inhibited by ouabain and K+-free solution; those to nitric oxide were not. These results indicate that although the endothelium-derived relaxing factor released from canine systemic veins shares some chemical properties with nitric oxide, the mechanism by which relaxations are induced by the two differ. A factor dissimilar to nitric oxide but acting like sodium nitroprusside may be released by the endothelium of canine systemic veins.

Acetylcholine↗
PubMed1989

Prostacyclin and thromboxane production by autogenous femoral veins grafted into the arterial circulation of the dog.

Vascular prostacyclin (PGI2) production is different in the arteries and veins of the dog. Experiments were performed to determine whether chronic grafting of the femoral vein into the arterial circulation would alter the normal PGI2 and thromboxane (TxA2) synthesis of the "arterialized" veins. Spontaneous and arachidonic acid (AA) stimulated PGI2 and TxA2 production (measured by radioimmunoassay of 6-keto PGF1 alpha and TxB2 respectively) were analysed in full thickness punch biopsies of the middle part of the grafts after 3 and 16 months and compared with unoperated veins and arteries. PGI2 production was significantly higher in arteries than in veins but no significant difference in TxB2 production was found. Middle "arterialized" venous graft produced significantly lower amounts of PGI2 and higher amounts of TxB2 than unoperated vessels. PGI2 production was more reduced in the distal than in the middle or the proximal parts of the venous grafts especially when stimulated with AA. These findings do not support the concept that the venous graft was biochemically adapted or "arterialized" in terms of PGI2 production when implanted for 3 months or longer. Rather, the markedly decreased PGI2/TxB2 ratio in the middle of the graft may be a contributory cause of thrombogenicity and may be implicated in the pathogenesis of neointimal hyperplasia.

Animals↗
PubMedDate not supplied

Pseudoaneurysm of the common femoral vein as a late complication of right heart catheterization.

Complications following venous punctures are unusual. We describe a case of a false common femoral vein aneurysm following right heart catheterization in a patient with systemic venous hypertension due to tricuspid regurgitation. The initial interpretation of the Doppler ultrasound study lead to a digital subtraction femoral arteriogram which was normal. Magnetic resonance venography demonstrated a femoral venous pseudoaneurysm.

Aneurysm, False↗