PubMed Health⌕ Search

SEARCH · PubMed Health

Results for “federated authorization”

Explore indexed PubMed citations for clinical trials, systematic reviews and public health research. Read source abstracts and follow each citation to its original PubMed record.

Quote a phrase for an exact phrase match. Source license links do not imply unrestricted reuse.

At least 271 records · Page 15Linked to original sources
PubMedDate not supplied

Policy and psychosocial considerations associated with non-physician assisted suicide: a commentary on Ogden.

The report by Russel Ogden (2001) on a conference where devices designed to facilitate death were displayed and discussed highlights how far some individuals will go if they are committed to helping suffering people die. In this commentary, the author discusses the federal policy developments that have contributed to this movement and then expresses his concerns about using lay people to provide assistance with hastening death.

Asphyxia↗
PubMed1976

Variables associated with the winter camping location of elderly recreational vehical owners in southwestern Arizona.

During the winter of 1973-1974, 580 elderly recreational vehicle campers were interviewed in six private trailer parks and four public camping areas in southwestern Arizona and Southern California. The ten sites represented four different types of camping environment: (1) highly developed, relatively expensive urban private trailer parks, (2) moderately developed, relatively inexpensive, rural private trailer parks, (3) authorized, developed, free federal campgrounds, and (4) unauthorized, undeveloped, free public land camping areas. Analysis of variance was utilized to identify those respondent characteristics most strongly associated with the type of site selected for winter residence. The most important of these variables were per person annual income, woman's age, man's education, woman's total preretirement adult camping experience, value of mobile quarters and tow vehicle, and percentage of the year lived in a recreational vehicle. Several financial indicators and certain noneconomic characteristics of females were strongly associated with winter camping location.

Age Factors↗
PubMed1999

Sites in the United States contaminated with radioactivity.

Over the century that radioactive materials have been mined, processed, produced, and utilized, many sites across the United States have become contaminated. Such sites include bases and installations of the Department of Defense, weapons production and research facilities of the Department of Energy, properties under the authority of other Federal agencies, privately-owned and governmental facilities that are licensed by the Nuclear Regulatory Commission and its Agreement States, and sites licensed by or the responsibility of states. This review reports on aspects of work by the Environmental Protection Agency, the Department of Defense, the Department of Energy, the Nuclear Regulatory Commission, and others to identify sites contaminated with radioactive materials. It also describes the principal programs that have been instituted to deal with them.

Government Agencies↗
PubMed1993

Application of a model for public health nursing program planning.

Community health nurse (CHN) specialists have advanced educational preparation in both nursing and the public health sciences. They are called on to perform numerous advanced practice roles in public health and other community agencies, one of which is program planning. To perform this role effectively, CHN specialists should use conceptual models to guide application of the nursing process in a population-based practice. One such model developed by a nurse for use in planning community health programs is the McLaughlin model. It was used to address the community diagnosis of risk for childhood lead poisoning, a long-standing public health problem currently receiving renewed attention from federal public health authorities. Applications of conceptual models in practice settings can test such model's efficacy, enrich the scientific basis of community health nursing practice, and ultimately improve the health of the community.

Community Health Nursing↗
PubMed2005

Quality of Internet geriatric health information: the GeriatricWeb project.

Many physicians report that Internet health information can affect their clinical decisions. Much of Internet geriatric health information (IGHI) is not controlled for quality, and there is no available process to assess the quality of IGHI used in clinical practice or in medical education. The objective of this project was to describe the development of an assessment process of IGHI and to report on the quality of existing IGHI through the GeriatricWeb project. The assessment was a trilevel process: identification, screening, and peer review. Medical librarians completed the identification of resources, and geriatric specialists conducted the screening and peer review. The peer-review process was accomplished using a developed tool (4 domains: credibility, accuracy, design, educational features; score 0-100, favorable assessment score > or = 75). More than 5,000 IGHI resources were identified, and 1,142 (22%) were advanced for screening. Of those, 246 (21%) were already peer reviewed, and 354 (31%) were advanced for peer review. Of those, 181 (51% or 20% of all those advanced for screening excluding those already peer reviewed) had a favorable assessment. Poor credibility and educational features contributed to this low quality. IGHI authored by national, federal, or academic organizations and targeted to higher academic levels was more likely to have a favorable assessment (P=0.01). Much publicly available IGHI is of suboptimal quality, particularly with regard to credibility and educational domains. Healthcare professionals need to be aware of how to locate high-quality IGHI and how to assess the quality of available IGHI.

Geriatrics↗
PubMed2005

Disaster preparedness in Scandinavia.

Disaster preparedness in Scandinavia is being improved on the national level, with increased cooperation between the different countries following 9/11. However, focus so far has been largely directed against CBRN threats. The reduction of hospital beds along with centralisation of advanced care as well as financial strains will enforce a closer cooperation between the health boards. The federal health care authorities must have a clear-cut responsibility and mandate to coordinate the nations health care systems in peacetime disasters, and not only during war. This reorganisation has just merely begun.

Cooperative Behavior↗
PubMed1997

Pricing and reimbursement of pharmaceuticals in Belgium.

The Belgian healthcare system has a tradition of access and equity at affordable prices. As in other countries, the system becomes pressured by increasing healthcare costs. This paper describes the actual situation in Belgium with special focus on pharmaceutical products and the potential role of pharmacoeconomics in decision making on price and reimbursement. Nearly all people in Belgium are covered by compulsory health insurance. The system is paid for by social security, the patients and the federal and regional authorities. The part of the consumption of pharmaceuticals that is charged to insurance was about 62.1 billion Belgian francs (BeF), i.e. about 50% of the pharmaceutical market in 1994. Price setting in Belgium has been rather low due to the positive reimbursement list, where the price of a new drug is compared to existing drugs in a comparable therapeutic class (so-called reimbursement criteria). The expenditure on pharmaceuticals is increasing faster than global funding for public health. In order to control drug budgets, different cost-containment measures have been or are being taken, i.e. a mix of price, reimbursement and volume controls. These cost-containment measures are not necessarily in accordance with a health economic approach. This paper suggests the scope for better implementation of pharmacoeconomic evaluation, which can lead to more flexible reimbursement systems in specific indications. Therefore, a formal recognition of the role of objective economic evaluations is needed for both hospital and ambulatory care. This process should be proceeded by improving the understanding and robustness of pharmacoeconomic evaluations.

Belgium↗
PubMedDate not supplied

Nurses and Public Law 102-119: a family-centered continuing education program.

The passage of Part H of the Education of the Handicapped Act, Public Law 99-457, and the reauthorization of the law in 1991, as Public Law 102-119, mandates a family-centered approach to the provision of services to infants and young children with handicaps. Nurses are named as providers in this federal legislation. The authors conducted a survey to assess the learning needs of nurses who may wish to serve as providers under the law. The survey results were used to develop a family-centered continuing education curriculum that pairs parents and nurse faculty as partners in delivering the curriculum.

Attitude of Health Personnel↗
PubMed1992

Medicare and Medicaid programs; approved information collection requirements and HCFA's claims collection authority--HCFA. Final rule with comment period.

This final rule updates our display of control numbers assigned by the Office of Management and Budget (OMB) to approved "collection of information" requirements contained in regulations governing the Medicare and Medicaid programs. In addition, it incorporates a technical change to our regulations to reflect increased agency authority under the Federal Claims Collection Act, 31 U.S.C. 3711 et seq. This rule is issued in accordance with OMB regulations concerning approved collections of information and to conform to changes made by Public Law 101-552.

Centers for Medicare and Medicaid Services, U.S.↗
PubMed1987

Inpatient rehabilitation: panacea or Pandora's box?

The opportunity for enhanced reimbursement and seeming ease of market entry has prompted an increasing number of acute care hospitals to consider entering the inpatient rehabilitation market. In this article the authors review the federal regulations, labor markets, and competitive situation for this service. This review suggests that the development of rehabilitation services must be approached with the same planning and caution as other diversification strategies.

Bed Conversion↗
PubMed1999

[Problems in health statistics reporting in Bosnia-Herzegovina].

Health-statistic information system in Bosnia and Herzegovina is presented, its content, problems and reform objectives in accordance with new European trends. Adequate and prompt health information plays a key role in the policy of planning and decision-making at all health levels. Therefore, data collecting must be conducted in accordance with the country's needs aimed to the health promotion and health of the population improvement. Scope and structure of health information system varies from country to country depending on health status of population, health policy and, of course, economic capacity. Public Health Institute of Federation BH is authorized by the Law to conduct statistical research in the health sector, and, therefore, the Proposal of statistical research in health sector is made, according to these regulations. This Proposal offered 17 statistical researches for 1998. Unfortunately, only 7 researches have been carried out. The shortcomings of the existing health-statistic information system have been found out on the local, cantonal, entity and state level.

Bosnia and Herzegovina↗
PubMed1999

Medical device labeling and advertising: an overview.

The Food and Drug Administration (FDA) has the authority under the Federal Food, Drug, and Cosmetic Act (FDCA) to regulate the labeling of all medical devices. This statement, however, is not as simple as it appears. The regulation of medical device labels and labeling, closely linked to the advertisement of medical devices, is a dynamic area, and FDA is struggling to address the new issues that arise daily in this area. This article seeks to: 1) provide the background necessary to understand the current law and FDA's regulation of medical devices; 2) summarize the law and regulations governing medical devices; 3) define "intended use" and explain its importance; and 4) discuss several areas that are of particular interest to FDA, including promotion of uncleared or unapproved devices and uses, Internet promotion, press releases, and comparative claims.

Advertising↗
PubMed1987

DKT Memorial Fund v. Agency for International Development, 13 February 1987.

The plaintiffs, domestic and foreign nongovernmental organizations, challenged the lawfulness of the Agency for International Development's implementation of Government policy not to contribute funds to foreign nongovernmental organizations that perform or actively promote abortion as a method of family planning abroad. The Court reversed a lower court decision and held that the plaintiffs had standing to bring their suit. It ruled that the plaintiffs were not attempting to litigate a political question since they did not seek to litigate the political and social wisdom of the policy, but only its legality. It also allowed the plaintiffs to amend their complaint to state that, but for the policy, they would be qualified to receive funds. In a similar case, the United States District Court, S.D. New York, held that AID was acting within its statutory and administrative authority in withholding federal assistance to organizations that perform or actively promote abortions as a method of family planning and that the plaintiffs' constitutional challenge of this policy presented a nonjusticiable political question (Planned Parenthood Federation of America, Inc. vs. Agency for International Development, 29 September 1987, [670 F.Supp. 538]).

Abortion, Induced↗
PubMedDate not supplied

Managing compliance risks. How to handle research involving human subjects.

Many Michigan hospitals and health systems conduct or participate in human subjects research, thus falling under the authority of complex federal rules and oversight. In recent years, the responsible federal agencies have vigorously enforced the rules related to human subjects protections, resulting in numerous on-site audits, suspensions of grants and research activity, and other disciplinary actions. Some hospitals have also faced private lawsuits from patients who claim they were harmed by the research or not adequately informed of its risks.

Clinical Trials as Topic↗
PubMed2002

State eligibility rules under separate state SCHIP programs--implications for children's access to health care.

This Policy Brief is the fourth in a series of reports issued by the George Washington University Center for Health Services Research and Policy that examine the design of separately-administered State Children's Health Insurance Programs (SCHIP) that is, programs that operate directly under the authority of the federal SCHIP statute rather than expansions of state Medicaid programs. These Policy Briefs also consider the implications of states' design choices for children's access to health care. The first three briefs in this series focused on three aspects of separate SCHIP programs: children's legal right to assistance under separate programs; benefit and coverage design choices under SCHIP plans; and the design and structure of freestanding managed care contracts negotiated by SCHIP agencies. This issue brief focuses on how financial eligibility for SCHIP actually is calculated, that is, the formulas that states have developed to count children's family income for purposes of measuring eligibility. This topic is of central importance to overall program administration because of the federal legal prohibition against assistance to targeted low-income children who are in fact Medicaid-eligible. This prohibition on duplication of assistance was a crucial assumption in the enactment of SCHIP. It is also key to the conservation of limited SCHIP funding for targeted low-income children who are ineligible for either Medicaid or any other form of health insurance, particularly as unemployment rises and the number of lower income children without health insurance may be poised to increase.

Child↗
PubMed1998

Advance directives for psychiatric treatment: a view from the trenches.

Medical advance directives for end-of-life decisions at times that patients cannot express their preferences have become a major trend in recent state and federal legislation. The author argues that an extension of directives to cover future psychiatric treatment are fraught with both practical and ethical dilemmas. Although the potential for increasing patient autonomy is certainly positive, the potential for implementing covert ideological agendas has been present from the beginning, and the significant differences between medical end-of-life decisions and ongoing treatment of psychiatric patients must weigh against psychiatric advance directives unless major changes are made in existing procedures.

Advance Directives↗
PubMed1962

Emergency health supplies: present status of procurement and control.

Until recently there was no substantial reserve of health supplies in Canada capable of supporting major peacetime or wartime disasters. In 1952, an $18,000,000 stockpile was authorized by the Federal Government of Canada. Purchases were made to a total of $15,500,000 with deliveries to exceed $13,000,000. Over $6,000000 worth of supplies was distributed to eight regional depots across Canada in safe and strategic locations. Plans were made for release and control of supplies to provincial governments for use at all levels of control, and a Resources Planning Unit has been organized. In Canada, undergraduate students in pharmacy receive special civil defence instruction in emergency health supplies service.

Canada↗