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Results for “Adolescent Behavior”

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PubMed2004

Assessing sexual behavior in high-risk adolescents with the adolescent clinical sexual behavior inventory (ACSBI).

This study examined the reliability and validity of the Adolescent Clinical Sexual Behavior Inventory (ACSBI), a new 45-item measure, designed to elicit parent-and self-report regarding a range of sexual behaviors in high-risk adolescents. Using this measure, this study also investigated predictors of adolescent sexual behavior. Participants were 174 adolescents and their parents consecutively admitted to one of three clinical settings (i.e., inpatient treatment, partial hospital program, and outpatient clinic). Parent-and self-reports of adolescent sexual behavior were moderately correlated, and there was a strong relationship between high-risk sexual behavior and adolescent emotional and behavioral problems, as well as sexual concerns, distress, and preoccupation. In addition to sexual abuse, physical abuse, life stress, and impaired family relationships also significantly predicted sexual behavior in adolescents.

Adolescent↗

PubMed2025

Online Risk Behavior in Adolescents: A Systematic Review.

Identifying and categorizing online risk behaviors is crucial for assessing their impact on adolescents. Despite extensive research, previous studies have not provided a clear classification of these behaviors. This systematic review synthesizes the quantitative literature on adolescent online risk behaviors from the inception of research to September 2023, aiming to: (a) offer a comprehensive overview of the types of online risk behaviors and the specific actions encompassed within each category among adolescents; (b) summarize the adverse outcomes associated with these behaviors; and (c) discuss the implications and future research directions. Utilizing key terms, this study sourced studies from four electronic databases (Scopus, PubMed, Web of Science, and EMBASE), ultimately including 22 English-language quantitative studies. The review reveals that online risk behaviors are primarily categorized into content risk behaviors, contact risk behaviors, and conduct risk behaviors. Adolescents engaging in these behaviors are at an increased risk of experiencing physical health issues, mental health problems, externalizing behaviors, and even self-harm and suicidal thoughts or actions. Further research is needed to develop and validate an online risk behavior scale and conduct longitudinal and experimental studies to establish causal relationships and examine the long-term effects of these behaviors on adolescent well-being. The review concludes with implications for future research and potential prevention, intervention, and policy strategies to mitigate online risk behaviors in adolescents.

Humans↗

PubMed2003

Social context and adolescent health behavior: does school-level smoking prevalence affect students' subsequent smoking behavior?

This paper examines the links between individual adolescent smoking behavior and actual and perceived smoking behavior in the individual's school cohort. We hypothesized that students enrolled in schools with higher smoking prevalence among students in their grade are more likely to smoke subsequently. We also expected perceived school-level prevalence of smoking to have a greater impact than actual prevalence because the former is a more direct measure of perceived norms. Adjusting for demographics, actual school-level prevalence at baseline (grade 7) was strongly associated with smoking frequency one year later. However, the association disappeared after adjusting for individual smoking frequency at baseline. School-level prevalence did not moderate the association between individual's baseline and subsequent smoking frequency. Perceived prevalence of smoking among grade 8 students and two measures tapping the behavior of smaller peer groups--cigarette offers and exposure to friends and other peers who smoke--were associated with increased risk of smoking.

Adolescent↗

PubMed1999

Prevention of high-risk behaviors in adolescent women.

PURPOSE: To better delineate the impact of health risk behaviors on adolescent women's current and future health and development. METHOD: The Commonwealth Fund Survey of Adolescent Health, a national survey of adolescents in Grades 5-12 designed to better understand their health and health care needs, was used as the basis for this study. Survey data were collected in 1997 from a total of 6730 adolescents (3568 females, 3162 males). Areas examined include smoking, drinking, use of other drugs, violence, safety, reproductive risks, and the prevention of risk behaviors in adolescent women. RESULTS: Adolescent women are almost equally likely to smoke, drink, and engage in other substance use as their male counterparts, but with increased health risks. Different motivations for engaging in risk behavior also are evident. Adolescent women are also more likely than adolescent men to experience physical abuse, and they are twice as likely to be sexually abused. CONCLUSIONS: Effective prevention programs need to recognize that the motivations for engaging in risk behaviors may differ by gender. Developmental awareness, proper assessment, and pivotal institutions can provide and shape what is needed for healthy development.

Adolescent↗

PubMed1990

Adolescent drinking behavior: an observational study of the influence of situational factors on adolescent drinking rates.

Adolescent drinking behavior was observed on weekend nights (9 PM until midnight) in three youth bars, three youth centers and two discos located in the most southern part of the Netherlands. Drinking rates, individual characteristics, drinking group variables and aspects of the overall drinking situation were recorded. Boys and girls appeared to differ in the variables of influence on their drinking rates. Boys were observed to drink at a higher rate on evenings with loud music, when they participated in large, all-male groups and when their (estimated) age was less than 20. Together these variables explain 24% of the variance in boys' drinking rates. Girls drank less fast when they participated in a group not buying rounds and in a drinking group of constant composition. Although analysis showed that girls' drinking rates did not vary significantly with aspects of the overall situation and individual variables, still 14% of the total variance here could be explained by the drinking group variables. These results are to some extent consistent with findings from other observational studies on drinking behavior. Most of these studies showed males in large groups to drink at the highest rates. However, only a few observational studies were aimed exclusively at young people's drinking behavior and those studies did not include aspects of the overall drinking situation.

Adolescent↗

PubMed2002

Risky parental behavior and adolescent sexual activity at first coitus.

Data from the National Longitudinal Study of Adolescent Health (Add Health) were used to examine the impact of parents' behavior on adolescents' sexual experience and contraceptive use. All else being equal, adolescents whose parents engage in risky behaviors are especially likely to be sexually active and to have had sex before age 15. These findings are only partly attributable to the link between parents' risky behaviors (smoking, drinking, driving without seatbelts) and adolescents' risky behaviors (smoking, drinking, delinquent activity, association with substance-using peers). Although parental behaviors are effective predictors of adolescents' sexual activity, they are not effective predictors of contraceptive use or of method choice at first coitus. Overall, parents with low levels of self-efficacy seem to be especially likely to have children at risk of engaging in problem behaviors.

Adolescent↗

PubMed2005

Supportive relationships and sexual risk behavior in adolescence: an ecological-transactional approach.

OBJECTIVE: To examine the longitudinal associations between supportive relationships with friends and parents and sexual risk behavior in adolescence based on an ecological-transactional perspective. METHODS: Analyses were conducted on 2,652 sexually active adolescents from the first two waves of the National Longitudinal Study of Adolescent Health (Add Health). RESULTS: African-American adolescents had lower risk for sexual risk behavior. Supportive friendships and parent connectedness interacted in predicting decreased likelihood of sexual risk behavior. Mother-child communication about sex contributed to decreased likelihood of sexual risk only for girls. There were also small reciprocal effects of sexual risk behavior on decreased relationship quality over time. CONCLUSION: To better understand the parents' role in adolescent sexual risk behavior, multiple facets of parenting, the social contexts of parenting and adolescents' peers, and the effects of adolescents' behavior on these relationships should be taken into consideration.

Adolescent↗

PubMed2005

[Suicidal behavior in adolescents--psychopathology and addictive comorbidity].

Despite of the decreasing suicide rates, the number of suicide attempts--peculiarly in the adolescent population--shows a growing tendency. Due to the small amount of study results the problem remains hard to assess. Child and Adolescent Self harm in Europe (CASE) study, allows us to explore self-reported suicidal behavior among adolescents more exactly. This European multicentre study has a special focus on adolescent suicidal behavior (suicidal thoughts, ideation, deliberate self harm, suicide attempt) and other self destructive behavior (drug, alcohol) as well as psychopathological symptoms (anxiety, depression, impulsivity, aggression) and it also investigates coping strategies, life events and family background. In the representative school-based community study an anonymous, self-reported questionnaire were conducted with 4408 (males: 2388, females: 2020) 15 and 16 year-old pupils. Out of the 4408 pupils 7.8% (males: 4.6%, females: 11.6%) of the adolescents reported former suicide attempt, 1.6% of the boys and 3.6% of the girls reported about more than one suicide attempts. According to the statistical analysis the suicidal group greatly differs from the non-suicidal one. Suicidal adolescents were more likely to use alcohol, drugs or nicotine than their non-suicidal peers. Drug abuse was four times more common among suicidal boys, and five times more common among suicidal girls than in the non-suicidal group. 30% of the boys and 13% of the girls used more than one kind of drug. The use of ecstasy and sedatohypnotic drugs showed the most spectacular difference between suicidal and non-suicidal teenagers in both genders. Suicide attempters usually had higher scores in scales measuring anxiety, depression, impulsivity, while their self-esteem was significantly lower. The comparative analysis has revealed that suicide attempters compose a subgroup with more severe psychopathology (anxiety, depression, and impulsivity), lower self-esteem and ineffective coping strategies. Suicidal behavior frequently appeared with addictive problems. The results of our study may help in recognizing the role of risk factors coexisting with suicidal behavior and thus making it easier for schools to have adequate and effective prevention programs.

Adolescent↗

PubMed2005

Heterosocial behaviors in early adolescent African American girls: the role of mother-daughter relationships.

Recent epidemiological trends in HIV/AIDS have helped draw attention to minority adolescents as especially high risk for HIV acquisition. Research shows the importance of maternal-child closeness and sexual communication in decreasing adolescent risk behaviors. The information, motivation, behavioral skills model (IMB) formed the framework for this pilot study whose purpose was to examine the informational and motivational antecedents of heterosocial risks in African American middle-school-aged girls and the maternal influence on these risks. Thirty-nine mother-daughter dyads participated, of whom 54% were impoverished. The girls' intent to stay safe, perceived social norms, and closeness to mother were negatively correlated with reported participation in potentially risky situations. Early interventions may enhance mother-daughter bonding, increasing sexual communication, and decreasing girls' participation in risky behaviors. This pilot study provides direction regarding testing of the IMB model in studies focused on early adolescent behaviors and mother-daughter interactions.

Adolescent↗

PubMed2004

Lifetime parental smoking history and cessation and early adolescent smoking behavior.

BACKGROUND: Associations are examined between parental smoking and smoking onset by their children. Smoking parents are more likely to have children who start smoking in their teenage years; however, less is known about whether parental quitting is related to adolescent smoking. METHODS: A cross-sectional national sample of 2,206 adolescents, ages 10-14 years, living in two-parent households were interviewed for the DEFACTO annual report on Dutch youth smoking behavior. Adolescent smokers reported that they have tried smoking, even one puff. Respondents indicated whether their parents were never, former, or current smokers, and provided, in the case a parent had quit, their age at that time. RESULTS: Logistic regression analyses revealed that likelihood increased gradually: adolescents with both parents being current smokers were four times more likely to be a smoker compared to adolescents with parents who had never smoked. Additionally, within the group of adolescents whose parents quit smoking, the findings demonstrated that the earlier the parents stopped smoking in the life of their offspring, the less likely their children were to start smoking in adolescence. CONCLUSIONS: Parental smoking history is associated with smoking initiation in early adolescence. Parental cessation at an early age of their offspring reduces the likelihood of adolescent smoking initiation. Preventive efforts, therefore, should focus on the benefits of parental cessation as early as possible.

Adolescent↗

PubMedDate not supplied

Impulsivity in the prediction of suicidal behavior in adolescent populations.

Impulsivity has been identified as a key factor in risk of suicidal behavior in adolescent and adult patients. However, a lack of consensus about the definition of impulsivity has led to difficulty in its measurement. Impulsivity self-report scales exhibit low intercorrelations, are subject to response bias, and incorporate multiple subfactors. Performance tests may be less sensitive to response biases, as well as be more precise measures of dimensions of impulsivity, but each test alone does not provide a comprehensive measure of the trait. Assessing impulsivity in child and adolescent groups presents additional methodological problems, such as an overlap between limited impulse control due to developmental factors and psychopathology. A multiple measures approach to assessing impulsivity is suggested.

Adolescent↗

PubMed2004

Do aggressive and non-aggressive antisocial behaviors in adolescents result from the same genetic and environmental effects?

Antisocial behavior (ASB) in adolescents can broadly be separated into two forms; aggressive and non-aggressive. Both are heritable and it has been suggested that aggressive ASB is more heritable. The extent to which genes contribute to the correlation between the two is unknown. Structural equation modeling was applied to a population-based twin sample of 258 twins pairs aged 11-18 to estimate the heritability of each form of ASB and to estimate the extent to which the phenotypic correlation was the consequence of shared genes and environmental factors. Non-shared environment and genetic factors substantially influenced both forms of ASB. The heritability of aggressive (but not non-aggressive) ASB was significantly higher in girls than in boys. Combining both sexes, a model in which the genetic effects on aggressive and non-aggressive ASB were identical could be rejected. Our results suggest a partial genetic overlap with a specific genetic effect contributing to the variance of aggressive ASB and a stronger genetic effect on aggression in females than in males.

Adolescent↗

PubMedDate not supplied

Adolescent health behaviors and related factors: a review.

This review examined research relevant to adolescent health behavior in order to identify key behaviors and factors related to behaviors for targeting health-promoting interventions. The 34 studies reviewed sampled mainly Caucasian subjects ranging in age from 12 to 24 years. The majority of the studies were descriptive and cross-sectional, and they dealt with a specific health behavior or group of behaviors such as eating, sleeping, and exercise. Primary factors related to health behavior included gender, family structure, ethnicity, knowledge, and attitudes. Increased knowledge of factors that impact adolescent health behaviors is essential so that public health nurses (PHNs) and other health professionals can be more responsive to developmental and lifestyle factors influencing the health of youth within families and communities.

Adolescent↗

PubMed1994

Parental behavior and adolescent self-esteem in clinical and nonclinical samples.

This study investigated the relationships between multiple dimensions of self-esteem and adolescents' perceptions of parental behaviors using nonclinical (n = 119) and clinical (n = 30) samples of adolescents. The Rosenberg Self-Esteem Scale (RSES), a modified version of Osgood's Semantic Differential (OSD), Schaefer's Children's Report of Parental Behavior Inventory (CRPBI) short form), and a demographic questionnaire were administered to participants. Scores from the self-esteem measures were empirically combined and factor analyzed, yielding four dimensions of self-esteem. Multivariate analysis of variance were used to compare self-esteem dimension scores for males and females within both samples. Correlations and partial correlations were conducted to determine the nature of the relationships between each dimension of self-esteem and perceptions of parental behaviors. Nonclinical adolescents scored higher than did clinical adolescents on all self-esteem dimensions. Males scored higher than females only on the dimension of Self-Esteem Competence. Perceptions of parental behaviors were consistently unrelated to dimensions of self-esteem among adolescents in the clinical sample. Among adolescents in the nonclinical sample, perceptions of parental support and autonomy granting were related to multiple dimensions of self-esteem. Perceptions of parental discipline were inconsistently related to dimensions of nonclinical self-esteem.

Adolescent↗

PubMed1998

Health risk behaviors of adolescent participants in organized sports.

PURPOSE: To assess differences in health-related behaviors between athletes and nonathletes. METHODS: In Grades 9-12 in seven high schools during the 1991-1992 academic year, 7179 (82%) students were asked to complete a survey with six categories of health-related behaviors associated with adolescent morbidity and mortality. Of the 6849 students who completed the survey, 4036 (56%) were classified as athletes. Analyses of differences were controlled for age, race, and gender. RESULTS: Athletes and nonathletes differed in specific health-risk behaviors. Nonathletes were more likely than athletes ever to have smoked cigarettes (15% vs. 10%) or used marijuana (24% vs. 23%), and fewer ate breakfast daily (34% vs. 45%), never added salt to food (18% vs. 22%), consumed calcium (56% vs. 64%), or consumed fruit or vegetables (40% vs. 47%) daily. More nonathletes reported frequent feelings of hopelessness (15% vs. 10%) and rarely or never using seatbelts (24% vs. 20%), but more athletes reported exceeding the speed limit by 10 mph (39% vs. 35%) and riding bicycles (40% vs. 28%) and/or motorcycles (13% vs. 8%) without helmets. These differences were statistically significant. CONCLUSIONS: Because of their behaviors, adolescent athletes put themselves at significant risk for accidental injuries. However, athletes appear less likely to smoke cigarettes or marijuana, more likely to engage in healthy dietary behaviors, and less likely to feel bored or hopeless.

Adolescent↗

PubMed1992

Are adolescents the victims of raging hormones: evidence for activational effects of hormones on moods and behavior at adolescence.

The literatures on hormone changes at adolescence, hormonal influences on moods and behavior in nonhuman animals and adult humans, and mood and behavioral changes at adolescence and the small but burgeoning literature on hormonal influences at adolescence are examined. The focus is on moods and behaviors often identified as typically adolescent (e.g., mood lability, mood intensity, irritability, conflict with parents) and the primary hormones of puberty (i.e., the adrenal androgens, gonadotropins, and sex steroids). Through an integration of these literatures evidence is assessed for specific hormone-mood and hormone-behavior associations, as well as for more general types of hormone-outcome relations that transcend specific hormones or outcomes. Non-biological factors that appear to be important in moderating the role of hormones in adolescent moods and behavior are identified. Implications for the design of future studies in this area are detailed.

Adolescent↗

PubMedDate not supplied

Associations among family relationships, antisocial peers, and adolescents' externalizing behaviors: gender and family type differences.

This study investigated the relations among parenting, sibling relationship, peer group, and adolescent externalizing behaviors. With data obtained from a sample of 341 male and 313 female adolescents (M age = 14.4 years) and their parents and siblings from nonstepfamilies and stepfather families, cross-sectional analyses supported the hypothesis that the contributions of parental negativity, parental monitoring, and sibling negativity to adolescents' externalizing behaviors would operate directly and also indirectly through deviant peer associations. The findings of multigroup comparison analyses suggested that the relationships between family and peer correlates and adolescent externalizing behaviors vary as a function of family type and adolescent gender.

Adolescent↗

PubMed2004

Ethnicity and problem behaviors among adolescent females in the United States.

Depression, alcohol use, and suicidal behaviors are common problems among adolescents in the United States. Little is known about how these problem behaviors differ among adolescent, multiethnic females. In this descriptive, cross-sectional study, regression analyses were performed to determine differences in these adolescent problem behaviors among multiethnic females using Latinas as the referent group. The random sample (N = 3,310, aged 12-19 years) included Latinas, and African-, Asian-, Native-, and Euro-American females. Measures included the CES-D, number of drinks each time alcohol was consumed in the past year, and a composite measure of suicidal behaviors. Latinas reported significantly higher risk for adolescent depression than did Euro-American peers and higher risk for alcohol use than did African- and Asian-American peers only. There were no significant differences in risk for suicidal behaviors between Latinas and their peers representing any of the other four ethnic groups. As adolescents of Latin, African, Asian, Native or aboriginal, and European ethnicity live all over the world, the findings inform future studies on adolescent depression, alcohol use, and suicidal behaviors among adolescents representing any of these ethnic groups in any part of the globe.

Adolescent↗