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Results for “Blind Loop Syndrome”

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PubMedDate not supplied

Taurine in infant nutrition.

The importance of taurine in diet is poorly understood. The present evidence suggests that it is a conditionally essential aminoacid in man wherein deficiency states may result in adverse changes which will be improved with supplementation. It has a role in fat absorption in preterm infants and children with cystic fibrosis, retinal dysfunction in patients receiving TPN and those with blind loop gut syndromes. Taurine is also reported to improve maturation of ABER in pre-term infants and has a role in osmoregulation of CNS and may act as neuroinhibitor.

Diet↗
PubMed2006

[20-year old woman with diarrhea of unknown etiology].

We report on a 20-year old woman who suffered from watery diarrhea. The results of the histology and the serology as well as clinical symptoms lead us to the diagnosis of sprue. Under specific gluten-free diet the diarrhea frequency was reduced. After a few weeks the patient returned to hospital again because of watery diarrhea. Histological examination of duodenal biopsy specimen showed a protracted infectious duodenitis and a secondary villous flattening of the small bowel. This diagnosis was a life-threatening illness that needed antibiotic treatment. These patients receive parenteral nutrition as long as the villous have not been recovered from the flattening. Additionally octreotid can be given to reduce the frequency of the diarrhea.

Adult↗
PubMed1986

Long-term follow-up of patients with gastroschisis.

Long-term follow-up of children with gastroschisis has been made possible by the increased survival of these infants over the past 20 years. We have observed that children with isolated gastroschisis defects exhibit normal growth and development beyond 5 years of age without significant bowel sequelae. Infants with gastroschisis with concomitant bowel atresia or complications who require small bowel resection are at a greatly increased risk for long-term bowel problems and abdominal complaints.

Abdominal Muscles↗
PubMed1986

Role of intestinal bacterial overgrowth in ethanol production and metabolism in rats.

To investigate the role of intestinal bacterial overgrowth on the production and metabolism of ethanol, rats with a jejunal self-filling diverticulum (blind-loop) were compared to controls with a self-emptying diverticulum. Both endogenous ethanol and acetaldehyde were found in the blind-loop contents. Intragastric administration of sucrose produced a marked increase in acetaldehyde and acetate in the portal venous blood, with only a modest elevation of ethanol. Blind-loop contents readily oxidized ethanol to acetaldehyde in a concentration-dependent manner and more actively under aerobic than anaerobic conditions. This oxidation was inhibited by antibiotics and was reproduced with isolated microorganisms. Intragastric administration of ethanol to rats with blind-loops markedly increased acetaldehyde and acetate concentrations in the portal vein and, to a lesser extent, in the systemic blood, compared with the controls. By contrast, both portal and systemic blood ethanol concentrations were lower in the rats with a blind-loop compared with controls, even though the amounts of ethanol retained in the digestive tract were similar. A dose of ethanol about twice as large as in controls was required to produce similar systemic blood levels. Both in rats with a blind-loop and in the controls, the areas under the curve of blood ethanol concentrations were smaller after intragastric than after intravenous ethanol administration (1 g ethanol/kg body wt). This difference was exaggerated in the rats with a blind-loop. Thus, a considerable amount of ethanol is oxidized in the gastrointestinal lumen of rats with a blind-loop. The resulting high concentrations of acetaldehyde, both in the intestinal lumen and the portal blood, may have deleterious effects on the gastrointestinal mucosa and the liver.

Acetaldehyde↗
PubMed1986

Comparison of the 1-gram [14C]xylose, 10-gram lactulose-H2, and 80-gram glucose-H2 breath tests in patients with small intestine bacterial overgrowth.

The sensitivity of three breath tests (1-g [14C]xylose, 10-g lactulose-H2, and 80-g glucose-H2) was studied in 20 subjects with culture-documented small intestine bacterial overgrowth. Elevated breath 14CO2 levels were seen within 30 min of [14C]xylose administration in 19 of 20 subjects with bacterial overgrowth and 0 of 10 controls. In contrast, H2 breath tests demonstrated uninterpretable tests (absence of H2-generating bacteria) in 2 of 20 subjects with bacterial overgrowth and 1 of 10 controls and nondiagnostic increases in H2 production in 3 of 18 glucose-H2 and 7 of 18 lactulose-H2 breath tests in subjects with bacterial overgrowth. These findings demonstrate continued excellent reliability of the 1-g [14C]xylose breath test as a diagnostic test for bacterial overgrowth, indicate inadequate sensitivity of H2 breath tests in detecting bacterial overgrowth, and suggest the need for evaluation of a 13CO2 breath test having the same characteristics as the [14C]xylose test (avidly absorbed substrate having minimal contact with the colonic flora) for nonradioactive breath detection of bacterial overgrowth in children and reproductive-age women.

Bacteria↗
PubMed1986

Production of secretory immunoglobulin A in rat self-filling blind loops. Local secretory immunoglobulin A immune response to luminal bacterial flora.

The immunoglobulin A (IgA) response to small intestinal bacteria was studied in rats with self-filling blind loops (SFBLs), surgically constructed in continuity with the intestine or at the end of a Roux-en-Y loop (RY-SFBL) so as to avoid filling with chyme. Total bile salt in the RY-SFBL lumen was much lower (4.35 +/- 0.8 mumol) than in the SFBL lumen (116 +/- 15 mumol), but other parameters, such as the number of anaerobic bacteria and disaccharidase activities were similar. Within 1 wk of establishing the blind loops, they had accumulated at least 14 times as much IgA as found in the normal jejunum. Luminal IgA per milligram mucosal protein was almost as high in the RY-SFBL as in the SFBL, indicating that a significant proportion of the IgA must be nonbiliary and probably mucosal in origin. Oral treatment with lincomycin significantly reduced luminal IgA accumulation in the RY-SFBL. Column chromatography and enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA), which employed antirat secretory component antibody, established that the majority of the luminal IgA was nonmonomeric and complexed with secretory component. Centrifugation of luminal contents to separate soluble and particulate bound IgA showed that the RY-SFBL contained a higher proportion of precipitable IgA than either the SFBL or lincomycin-treated RY-SFBL. Immunoglobulin A eluted from the precipitates by KSCN was bound to a greater extent by bacterial sonicates than IgA in the supernatant. For either precipitate or supernatant IgA, the greatest binding was observed when the IgA was obtained from the RY-SFBL. These observations indicate that rat intestinal mucosa rapidly responds to bacterial overgrowth by secreting secretory immunoglobulin A (sIgA) with specificity for luminal bacterial antigens. As the sIgA present within the SFBL is to a certain extent derived from bile, the lower proportion of SFBL sIgA bound by bacterial antigens than of RY-SFBL sIgA suggests that biliary sIgA is less specific for local antigens than the sIgA that is secreted by the local mucosa.

Animals↗