Holding patterns. Today's storage systems can keep all your data in the right place, no matter how often you need to retrieve it.
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Computer Communication Networks↗
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Results for “Computer Storage Devices”
Explore indexed PubMed citations for clinical trials, systematic reviews and public health research. Read source abstracts and follow each citation to its original PubMed record.
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[Medical information network with optical memory card system].
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Computer Communication Networks↗
Some ways of measurement unification in testing ECG analysers on the basis of test signals normalized according to amplitude/parameters and medical indications.
An urgency of test method development for testing the automated ECG analysers is substantiated; a generalized measurement algorithm used in measuring devices testing is discussed with interpretation as applied to ECG analysers. A general measurement scheme in analyser testing is given, tasks to create test ECG signals and develop methods and means for storage, reproduction and transfer of ECG signals to ECG analysers are advanced. A method to create, organize, store and reproduce the ECG signal data bank with the use of measuring and computing complex (MCC) is developed. A device for ECG signal reproduction and transfer (a generator) is made, with its structural diagram, work principles and main technological (metrological) characteristics shown.
Algorithms↗
ABC of medical computing. CD ROMS, multimedia, and optical storage systems.
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CD-ROM↗
[Progress in molecular biology study of DNA computer].
DNA (deoxyribonucleotide acids) computer is an emerging new study area that basically combines molecular biology study of DNA molecules and computational study on how to employ these specific molecules to calculate. In 1994 Adleman described his pioneering research on DNA computing in Science. This is the first experimental report on DNA computer study. In 2001 Benenson et al published a paper in Nature regarding a programmable and autonomous DNA computing device. Because of its Turing-like functions, the device is regarded as another milestone progress for DNA computer study. The main features of DNA computer are massively parallel computing ability and potential enormous data storage capacity. Comparing with conventional electronic computers, DNA molecules provide conceptually a revolution in computing, and more and more implications have been found in various disciplines. DNA computer studies have brought great progress not only in its own computing mechanisms, but also in DNA manipulation technologies especially nano-technology. This article presents the basic principles of DNA computer, its applications, its important relationship with genomic research and our comments on all above issues.
Computers, Molecular↗
Portable chest radiography: comparison of high-resolution digital displays with laser printed digital film.
Computed radiology is a radiographic imaging technology that generates a conventional radiographic image in digital form. The image can be recorded on a laser sensitive film or archived to a digital storage device and displayed on a video monitor. This study was performed to evaluate the adequacy of reporting digitised images directly from the workstation. The test set consisted of portable chest images of 55 patients from the cardiothoracic intensive care unit. Normal structures and nine abnormalities were pre-selected for analysis. The radiographs and images on the video display were reviewed on two separate occasions, six months apart by two independent readers. No clinical details were supplied and the intraobserver and interobserver agreement were assessed using Kappa statistics. The overall results indicated that direct reporting from the workstation was as reliable as reporting from the laser printed copies.
Bronchography↗
Data capture workstations, scanned forms, and pen-based systems for clinician use.
Data capture is the most difficult aspect of creating an automated medical record. The U.S. Department of Veterans Affairs (V.A.) is developing, testing and evaluating the benefits of a number of data capture technologies, including physician's workstations, scanned forms, and pen-based system as an aid to medical data capture in the outpatient clinic environment. The software being used for physician data entry, which supports a variety of data capture devices, will be demonstrated.
Computer Peripherals↗
AAPM/RSNA tutorial on equipment selection: PACS equipment overview: general guidelines for purchasing and acceptance testing of PACS equipment.
A picture archiving and communication system (PACS) is a comprehensive computer system that is responsible for the electronic storage and distribution of medical images in the medical enterprise. The system is highly integrated with digital acquisition and display devices and is often related closely to other medical information systems, such as the radiology information system or hospital information system. In the past few years, there has been continuous growth in clinical implementation of PACS to reduce costs and improve patient care, a trend that is expected to continue. However, a PACS is complex and costly to acquire, replace, maintain, and repair. To select a system that best meets their requirements, purchasers of PACS equipment need to be aware of the key characteristics and differing features of the various products. After the PACS has been installed, the user should perform technical and clinical acceptance testing to ensure that the system meets expectations.
Data Display↗
[On standardization of optical memory cards].
An optical card optimizes recording of medical data since it has a large memory capacity, data cannot be interpolated by the addition method, and data are protected from disruption by magnetic force or static electricity. Now that international standards have been established for the card, reader/writer control, and data management, a highly-compatible optical card system for medical use can be fabricated. The optical card is expected to play an important role in the social system as a promising medium for recording or exchanging individual health data, which is anticipated to grow in the near future.
Computer Communication Networks↗
Documenting resident procedure and diagnostic experience: simplifying the process.
BACKGROUND AND OBJECTIVES: The Residency Review Committee (RRC) requires documentation of family practice residents' procedural and diagnostic experiences. Further, hospital privileging is frequently based on documentation of prior clinical experience. Residency programs need a user-friendly (ie, resident-friendly) mechanism for collecting data and generating reports to document these experiences. This paper outlines a simplified, user-friendly method of documenting resident procedural and diagnostic experiences. METHODS: We developed a pocket-sized, optically scannable card for data input. This is coupled with a computerized database with report generation capability. The system is based on diagnostic clusters to further simplify the data input process. RESULTS: The system's setup costs are about $10,000. Annual maintenance and operational fees are about $5,000. After instituting the system, the number of residents submitting documentation information increased substantially. CONCLUSIONS: This system meets both RRC and potential clinical privileging requirements and provides a useful tool for guiding resident evaluation and developing appropriate training opportunities during the latter half of the residency. Simplified, accurate documentation may allow for comparisons among residents at various levels--program, state, and national.
Clinical Competence↗
The effect of scatter reduction on the signal-to-noise ratio in computed radiography.
Signal-to-noise ratio (SNR) in computed radiography (CR) was assessed by using the computerized image data from storage phosphor radiographs in a modification of the Rose model. A multiple pencil-beam (MPB) imaging device, a conventional 1:12 grid, and an air gap of 90 cm were compared in terms of improvement of the signal-to-noise ratio caused by the reduction of scatter. The MPB device showed better SNRs by a factor of 1.25 compared to the grid and air gap which were approximately equal to each other. This is related to its superiority in scatter control, which has also been shown previously. Air gap screening has not been very popular because of geometrical problems, but in scatter reduction it is still comparable to today's grid technology. The optimization of image information content in CR is briefly discussed.
Radiographic Image Enhancement↗
Clinical application of a magneto-optical disk image filing system/image save and carry (ISAC) system.
We propose the utilization of portable magneto optical disks for image filing. The main problems in PACS are the need for a high-speed local area network (LAN) and a large mass storage device. An image filing system--image save and carry (ISAC)--is one solution for these problems in present PACS and requires minimal additional hardware and cost for the installation. Whenever a patient is examined, the clerk carries the medical record and the ISAC magneto-optical disk for recording image data, and after inspection records the image data into the magneto-optical disk. We investigated the number of image retrievals done for inpatients and outpatients in 1988 at our radiation therapy department. The data storage requirements were on the average 18.5 MB for outpatients and 173.9 MB for inpatients. An ISAC display console needs also an easy-to-use man/machine interface for specifying images and image display characteristics in order to realize the ISAC system.
Computer Systems↗
Combination of multiple pencil-beam imaging to computed storage phosphor radiography: a new method.
Computed radiography (CR) with storage phosphors offers a wide dynamic range and improved sensitivity compared to film-screen technology. CR was combined in this study with a prototype multiple pencil-beam (MPB) imaging device which has been shown to be very effective in scatter reduction. The combination was analyzed and compared to the standard technique of grid screening in two ways: a free-response ROC (FROC) analysis was first performed followed by a blinded test arrangement for visual analysis of image quality in a series of computed radiography of the lumbar spine by both the MPB and grid modalities. The results of the FROC study showed a statistically significant (P less than or equal to 0.01) improvement in signal detection. The MPB-CR images of the lumbar spine had more contrast but also a slightly mottled or grainy appearance. Image quality was found good but contrast processing was criticized because it seemed to result in a too steep display of contrast in MPB imaging. This should be avoidable by changing the image processing parameters.
Adult↗
A new system for digital image acquisition, storage and presentation in an accident and emergency department.
OBJECTIVES: To develop a computer based storage system for clinical images-radiographs, photographs, ECGs, text-for use in teaching, training, reference and research within an accident and emergency (A&E) department. Exploration of methods to access and utilise the data stored in the archive. METHODS: Implementation of a digital image archive using flatbed scanner and digital camera as capture devices. A sophisticated coding system based on ICD 10. Storage via an "intelligent" custom interface. RESULTS: A practical solution to the problems of clinical image storage for teaching purposes. CONCLUSIONS: We have successfully developed a digital image capture and storage system, which provides an excellent teaching facility for a busy A&E department. We have revolutionised the practice of the "hand-over meeting".
Computer Security↗
[Development of a portable storage device and an output unit for digital data collection of electrical muscular activity in industrial medicine and work physiology (author's transl)].
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Computers↗
The microcomputer in the dental office: a new diagnostic aid.
The first computer applications in the dental office were based upon standard accountancy procedures. Recently, more and more computer applications have become available to meet the specific requirements of dental practice. This implies not only business procedures, but also facilities to store patient records in the system and retrieve them easily. Another development concerns the automatic calculation of diagnostic data such as those provided in cephalometric analysis. Furthermore, growth and surgical results in the craniofacial area can be predicted by computerized extrapolation. Computers have been useful in obtaining the patient's anamnestic data objectively and for the making of decisions based on such data. Computer-aided instruction systems have been developed for undergraduate students to bridge the gap between textbook and patient interaction without the risks inherent in the latter. Radiology will undergo substantial changes as a result of the application of electronic imaging devices instead of the conventional radiographic films. Computer-assisted electronic imaging will enable image processing, image enhancement, pattern recognition and data transmission for consultation and storage purposes. Image processing techniques will increase image quality whilst still allowing low-dose systems. Standardization of software and system configuration and the development of 'user friendly' programs is the major concern for the near future.
Computer-Assisted Instruction↗
Computer processing of visual field data. I. Recording, storage, and retrieval.
A minicomputer system has been developed to provide real-time management of visual field data. Records of a large population of patients with glaucoma in a university ophthalmic practice are stored on magnetic disks. Data storage has been semiautomated by means of a microprocessor-controlled recording device for standard perimeters. Existing visual field records may also be digitized by means of a magnetic graphics tablet. Records are retrievable in real time and are graphically displayed at video terminals.
Diagnosis, Computer-Assisted↗
A model for capacity planning of a comprehensive integrated information system for hospitals and clinics.
Appropriate system sizing is essential to ensuring a reasonable computer response time for end users. A model is discussed that describes the type and number of interactions between user terminals and printers and the central processor for a comprehensive, integrated medical information system. The system modeled includes support to inpatient and outpatient order entry and results reporting for clinical services; registration; admission, disposition, and transfer; patient appointing; pharmacy, clinical laboratory, and radiology; medical record management; and electronic messages. Originally developed for use in benchmark testing of comprehensive systems designed for military hospitals and clinics, the model has been generalized to be applicable to other systems and settings. Results are presented for a routine busy day in a 200-bed teaching hospital providing extensive outpatient services, and a large free-standing clinic. The model results can be applied to several facets of system planning, including sizing of the central processor and communications network, determining the optimal number of storage devices and user devices, and fine tuning the user interface.
Ambulatory Care Information Systems↗