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PubMedDate not supplied

Clinical and microbiologic effects of chemical versus mechanical cleansing in professional supportive implant therapy.

The aim of the present study was to compare the cleansing properties of mechanical supportive care for dental implants with the use of an etching gel. Sixteen patients underwent a 5-month clinical trial with monthly recalls. These patients, wearing maxillary complete dentures and mandibular overdentures supported by a bar device on 4 implants, were treated in a split-mouth study design. Test and control therapy were randomly assigned to left and right sides of the mandible. At the test side, 35% phosphoric etching gel (pH 1) was applied in the peri-implant sulcus. After 1 minute, the sulcus was thoroughly rinsed with a water spray for approximately 15 seconds per implants. Control therapy consisted of supra- and subgingival debridement using carbon fiber curettes and a rubber cup. Plaque, calculus, probing pocket depth, and modified Gingival Index were determined before each treatment. Microbiologic evaluation was performed at baseline, 1 month later, and 5 months later, just before and immediately after each treatment. Per treatment and per assessment, the mean scores of all clinical parameters were calculated for each patient. The number of colony-forming units was used as the primary efficacy variable in the analysis of microbiologic data. At baseline, no differences between test and control sites were observed for any of the clinical parameters. The mean Gingival Index and the mean probing pocket depth were reduced over the 5-month period. The mean reduction in Gingival Index at the test sites proved to be significantly larger at the control sites (P = .03). Both treatment modalities resulted in an instant reduction of the number of colony-forming units, where the reduction by chemical cleaning was larger (P < .05). This short-term study employing a high recall frequency indicates that local application of 35% phosphoric acid gel can be as effective as conventional mechanical supportive therapy.

Acid Etching, Dental↗
PubMed1993

Differences two years after tooth extraction in mandibular bone reduction in patients treated with immediate overdentures or with immediate complete dentures.

In a randomized controlled clinical trial, 74 patients who required immediate dentures were randomly treated with immediate overdentures on two lower canines or with immediate complete dentures. Mandibular bone reduction was measured by use of oblique lateral cephalometric radiographs made at baseline and the results compared with those of one year and two years after denture treatment. Analysis of the data showed that the average bone reduction in the lower canine regions in the first year was 0.9 mm in the immediate-overdenture group and 1.8 mm in the immediate complete-denture group. In the posterior parts of the mandible, the bone reductions were, respectively, 0.7 mm and 1.9 mm. The differences were statistically significant in all measured regions. During the second year, no significant differences in bone reduction were found. The sums of differences in the first two years were significant in all regions except the molar region, preserving the initial difference. Retention of roots of canines beneath a mandibular denture in immediate denture patients, even when they were in poor condition, reduced the collapse of the alveolar processes in all regions of the mandible.

Alveolar Bone Loss↗
PubMed1982

Measurement of strain rate behaviour in complete mandibular dentures.

A major cause of fracture in complete lower dentures is due to the denture falling onto a hard floor. Impact failure has never been investigated in complete dentures and in a material which is strain rate dependent, a knowledge of the maximum strain and strain rate at failure is essential if laboratory tests are to evaluate materials in a realistic manner. The work described includes brittle lacquer studies to establish the strain pattern which occurs when a denture is dropped from a height of 1 metre. This was used to orientate strain gauges and experimental dentures were then hit by a specially constructed ram driven at known velocities by a spring, whilst the strain was recorded on a storage oscilloscope. Photographs of the stored wave form were then used to establish the results at ram velocities equal to that of a denture falling 1 metre. Maximum strains were achieved of 11 x 10(3) microstrain and strain rates of 1.04 x 10(3) microstrain/ms. Laboratory impact machines for testing denture materials should therefore be designed to achieve these figures.

Dental Materials↗
PubMed1989

[Anatomic changes of the posterior alveolar ridge and external oblique ridge area in human mandibular edentulous specimens].

In this research the posterior alveolar ridge and the external oblique ridge area of 103 mandibular specimens of adult subjects-122 sides with teeth intact and 62 sides with edentulous ridge were measured in different items. The dissection of the external oblique ridge area in 7 cadavers was made and observed. The results showed: (1) the atrophy of residual alveolar ridge of the mandible is severe than that of the maxilla; (2) the resorption of the buccal alveolar plate is more than that of the lingual plate; (3) the resorbed buccal portion of the mandibular alveolar ridge is replaced by the external oblique ridge area, so that the latter becomes wider and flatter. This change of form is beneficial for the denture support and the extension of the buccal flange of the lower denture. The data of the resorption of the buccal alveolar plate provide the reference of the arrangement of the posterior teeth of the lower complete denture. Consequently, we may conclude that the external oblique ridge area is utilizable and beneficial for the support and stability of the lower complete denture.

Anthropometry↗
PubMed1977

Lingual flange design in complete dentures.

The lingual design advocated for complete lower dentures involves no changes in current concepts regarding minimum-pressure, functional impression techniques. The sublingual horizontal extension suggested is placed in a biologically acceptable fashion by increasing the area of the denture, which enhances retention and stability.

Dental Impression Technique↗
PubMed2005

[Self-perception and oral health conditions in an elderly population].

This study assessed oral health conditions through clinical examination and self-perception. The sample consisted of 112 subjects 60 years of age or older in Rio Claro, São Paulo, Brazil, divided into two groups: G1, with dental insurance (n = 55) and G2, without dental insurance (n = 57). Clinical examinations were conducted according to WHO guidelines. Data on self-perceived oral health were collected using the GOHAI (Geriatric Oral Health Assessment Index). DMFT was 29.13, higher in G1 (p = 0.0091). Mean number of teeth currently present in both groups was 7.63, higher in G2 (p = 0.0131). Periodontal conditions showed a high percentage of null sextants (70.3%), where CPI revealed higher prevalence for calculus and PIP for pockets up to 3mm. The percentage of edentulous subjects was 45.5%, higher in G1 (p = 0.0142). Among edentulous subjects, 69.6% wore complete upper dentures and 42.9% complete lower dentures. Mean GOHAI was 33.61, qualifying self-perceived oral health status as positive, and the only difference was in the physical dimension, where G2 showed higher values (p = 0.0154). Self-perceived oral health was considered satisfactory, but this was not confirmed by clinical data from the two groups.

Aged↗
PubMed1989

[Clinical study on the prognosis of complete denture wearers covering 10 years. 3. Fitness test of the complete denture base].

The purpose of this study was to estimate the clinical condition of complete denture wearers. 72 patients came to our Dental Hospital according to our recall. The examination consisted of a questionnaire and clinical examinations. For objective evaluation, the fitness test of lower complete denture base was taken place and was classified into four groups by the thickness of the white-silicone film (A-zone 0-30 microns, B-zone 30-70 microns, C-zone 70-130 microns, D-zone 130 microns-). Results 1. The average ratio of four groups of the white-silicone film were A-zone 9.3%, B-zone 35.8%, C-zone 24.5% and D-zone 30.4%. 2. The fitness of anterior portion was ill fit in comparison with posterior portion. 3. There was statistically significant difference between the fitness of lower complete denture and dentist's judgment diagnosed as ill fit denture. 4. There was significant difference between the fitness test and the patients who complained about loose fit of the denture.

Denture Bases↗
PubMed1989

[Three dimensional study of facial height].

There is no know scientifically accurate method of determining the correct vertical dimension. By the vertical dimension we mean the distance between the subnasale & the bottom of chin when patients were radiograped in the physiologic rest positions with & without prostheses. The author measured seven selected points in a midsagittal profile plane of 50 patients (26 complete upper & lower denture, 24 complete upper & removable lower partial denture) by the cephalometric methods. The following conclusions were obtained from this study. 1. Vertical dimension was measured 70.03 mm during removal of upper & lower dentures in mouth, 70.18 mm during insertion of upper denture only, 70.83 mm during insertion of lower denture only & 70.88 mm during insertion of upper & lower dentures, therefore mandibular denture alone in mouth has a slightly significant effects. 2. Vertical dimension between male & female from partially/fully edentulous patients was proved 72.15 mm in male & 68.81 mm in female. 3. Anterior-posterior displacement is largely associated with upper lip movement & superior-inferior displacement is generally associated with a function of lower lip & mandibular structure movements. 4. The magnitude of horizontal displacement for all points ranged from 0 to 8.4 mm & vertical displacement for all points ranged from 0 to 12 mm displacement. The maximum horizontal displacement in point II & maximum vertical displacement in point III was measured. 5. Increase in height may be associated with contraction of dental arches; or conversely, reduction of vertical height may be associated with expansion of the dental arches due to muscle tonicity & lip contours.

Cephalometry↗
PubMed2004

[Forms of appearance of decubuti caused by complete upper and lower dentures].

One of the most usual forms of complaint after the insertion of complete dentures is decubitus. It is an ulcer caused by the mechanical harm during the wearing of complete or removable partial dentures. Its size is about that of a lentil. Its shape is usually round or oval but can also be longish in appearance. Its usual colour is grayish white or scarlet. In their research the authors concentrated on the places where these decubiti appear after the insertion of complete dentures. Also, they focused on the question whether new decubiti tend to appear after check-ups and how long the presence of the bedsores last. They took down the particulars of 61 patients (47 women and 14 men) wearing complete upper and lower dentures and of 122 patients with complete upper and lower dentures. The gender and age of the patients and the number of complete upper and lower dentures were also recorded. It is remarkable that 69% of the patients (70% of the women and 64% of the men) appearing at the first check-up turned up at the second one. At the third check-up, 13% of the patients (15% of the women and 7% of the men) showed up. During the first check-up, 87% of the dentures (meaning 106) had to be modified, while during the second one, this rate was 51% (meaning 61 dentures), and during the third one, it was 7% (9 dentures). Thus, the insertion is not the last stage of making complete dentures, for the short-term check-ups are very important phases, as well.

Denture Design↗
PubMed1997

Soluble denture adhesives: pH and sodium content.

Seventeen soluble denture adhesives available in local drug stores in Belgium were selected. The pH of aqueous adhesive solutions was determined with a glass pH electrode. Sodium determinations of normal and acidified aqueous adhesive solutions were performed by means of atomic emission spectrometry. The amount of adhesive required per application according to manufacturer's instructions was determined by weight. Gum karaya containing adhesives had an acidic pH (pH < 5). The other adhesive formulations had a pH of about 7. No sodium was detected in gum karaya containing powder adhesives. The sodium content of the other adhesive formulations varied between 1.1 and 8.7 g/100 g. The amount of powder adhesive required for an application in an upper and lower complete denture was respectively 0.2 g and 0.1 g. To provide a denture with a cream or liquid adhesive 0.2 to 0.3 g material was required. Based on the data from this study it was calculated that denture adhesive applications three times a day in both upper and lower complete denture could result in a supplementary daily sodium intake of 0.9 to 6.0 mmol Na+/day.

Adhesives↗
PubMed1990

Occlusal force distribution in lower complete overdentures.

A space between the denture base and a root cap can effectively control the distribution ratio of occlusal force to abutment teeth and an alveolar ridge. The purpose of this study on abutments was to analyse the effect of variation in space (0 mm (no space), 0.3 mm and 0.6 mm) on the above ratio. Six subjects, 38-65 years of age, each with an edentulous maxilla and several teeth remaining in the mandible, were selected for this experiment. The lower experimental denture had embedded a transducer which could detect a change in the vertical force applied to the experimental tooth. This transducer was capable of changing the vertical space between a denture base and an experimental tooth. Each subject was asked to increase the occlusal force applied to the denture from zero to the maximum loading rate of 5 kgf s-1. The occlusal force and the force exerted on the experimental tooth were recorded in each space 1 month after insertion of new dentures. The following results were obtained: (i) when the occlusal force was applied to the artificial tooth just above the abutment tooth, the mean ratio in the 0 mm space was 60% of the force applied to the denture, the ratio in the 0.3 mm space was 50%, and the ratio in the 0.6 mm space was 30%; (ii) if the occlusal force was applied to the point 10 mm distant from the point just above the experimental tooth, the magnitude of the ratio was decreased by 60-80%.

Adult↗
PubMed1995

Oral health status of a population of community-dwelling older Canadians.

A sample of 170 responsive residents of seniors housing centres in Winnipeg, Canada, were studied, (>65 years, mean 82 years), with the objectives of relating their dental state to their perception of need and uptake of service. Only 6% rated their oral health as poor, 46% reported a dental visit within the previous year and 68% felt they needed dental treatment. A lack of perceived need (88%) was the primary reason why dental care was not sought more frequently. Hygiene practices revealed that only 7% brushed < 1 time/day, 60% never flossed, 14% cleaned their dentures <1 time/day, and 42% slept with their dentures. Dental histories showed that examination (94%), prosthodontic treatment (76%), and restorative services (65%) were the most commonly sought treatments. Perceived dental needs included prosthodontic treatment (39%), periodontal/prophylactic treatment (10%), restorative treatment (9%) and pain relief (9%). Study subjects had 2.8 decayed teeth, a DMFT of 25.1, and a Root Caries Index of 38%. CPITN scores of 3 or 4 in at least one sextant were found in 80% of subjects. Of the 41% edentulous, all wore complete dentures but 15% of complete upper dentures and 51% of complete lower dentures fitted poorly. Of the partial dentures, 20% fitted poorly. Soft tissue anomalies were seen in 67% of subjects and 47% had TMJ anomalies. Overall, 77% of edentulous subjects and all dentate subjects required some dental treatment even though 46% had seen a dentist within the preceding year. It is concluded that appropriate management of such people needs further attention.

Aged↗