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PubMed1991

[Phase I study of CI-898. CI-898 Study Group].

We conducted a phase I study of CI-898 (trimetrexate), a new diaminoquinazoline antifolate in 22 patients with solid cancer in a multicenter collaborative study. The dosage schedule was single-dose intravenous administration (single treatment), followed by one or two courses of 5-day intravenous administration (5-day treatment) at 3-week intervals. Starting at 2 mg/m2 (1 n), the dose was increased up to 15 mg/m2 (7.5 n) for single treatment and 12 mg/m2 (6 n) for 5-day treatment. Evaluable cases numbered 18 for single treatment and 17 for 5-day treatment. In single treatment, the highest dose of 15 mg/m2 caused no serious side effect and did not reach the maximum tolerated dose (MTD). In 5-day treatment, leukocytopenia and thrombocytopenia were found dose dependently, the dose-limiting factor was bone marrow depression, and MTD was 10 mg/m2/day. The leukocyte and platelet counts reached the nadir in 1-3 weeks after initiation of 5-day treatment. The recovery from the nadir required about one week. Subjective side effects included mucitis (mouth, anus), malaise and gastro-intestinal symptoms (nausea, anorexia, diarrhea). None of alopecia, cardiotoxicity and nephrotoxicity were found. In the present phase I study, a tendency of tumor reduction was found in one case each of breast cancer (adenoma) and lung cancer (squamous cell carcinoma). The plasma concentration of the unchanged compound after single treatment showed a biphasic elimination pattern (t1/2 alpha 0.8-1.4 hr, t1/2 beta 9.4-13.0hr). The urinary excretion of the unchanged compound was 14.7-23.5% of the administered dose. In 5-day treatment, no accumulation was found. From the results of the present study, the recommended dosage of CI-898 in the early phase II study was considered to be 8 mg/m2/day intravenously for 5 days (every 3-4 weeks).

Adult↗
PubMed1991

[Carbohydrate antigens as a tumor-associated antigen and prognostic indicators in carcinomas of the breast, esophagus, stomach, colorectum, and pancreas].

The immunohistochemical analysis using the monoclonal antibodies to the carbohydrate antigens were performed and suggested that CA19-9 is a tumor-associated antigen in gastric cancer, Leb, Ley, CA19-9, CSLEX1, SLX in colorectal cancer and pancreatic cancer, and Lex, Ley, and CSLEX1 in breast and esophageal cancers, respectively. Expression of the type 2 carbohydrate antigens had relation to the prognosis of patients with breast cancer. In colorectal cancer, the patients with high degree of expression of CA19-9 had a poor prognosis, and high risk of distant metastasis. Higher intensity of staining was observed in hepatic in comparison with primary lesion. Thus carbohydrate antigens showed important role as tumor-associated antigens and good indicator for evaluation of prognosis.

Antigens, Tumor-Associated, Carbohydrate↗
PubMed1990

Alcohol and cancer.

Explore the source record for details and available documents.

Alcohol Drinking↗
PubMed1991

[Oncogene and patient prognosis].

The common malignancies apparently develop by a stepwise accumulation of gene alterations including oncogenes and suppressor genes. Point mutation or deletion might be an early event for carcinogenesis and tumor progression, while amplification of several oncogenes occur as a late event. Amplification of some oncogenes apparently relate with patient prognosis, i.e. erbB2 for breast, ovarian and gastric carcinomas, HST-1/INT-2 for esophageal and breast carcinomas, and N-myc for neuroblastoma. Although amplification of erbB1 is less common, its expression indicate poorer prognosis in patients with esophageal, gastric and bladder carcinomas. Combination analysis of the gene amplification and other gene alterations, such as p53 gene might provide more useful clinical informations for the postoperative management and prognosis of cancer patients.

Breast Neoplasms↗
PubMedDate not supplied

[The diagnosis and treatment of benign tumors of the subdiaphragmatic digestive tract].

One hundred twenty-two benign tumors of subdiaphragmatic digestive tract admitted in the interval 1975-1988 at the III-rd Surgical Clinic of Iaşi are reported. Out of these patients 120 required surgical treatment, the remainder of 2 being treated conservatively (diffuse intestinal angiomatosis, Peutz-Jeghers' syndrome). The clinical evolution being atypical, the surgical intervention was required, in most of the cases, due to hemorrhagic and occlusive complications. Histologically, the polyps and schwannomas were prevalent. The diagnostic difficulties, especially in the cases with jejuno-ileal localization, are mentioned.

Diaphragm↗
PubMedDate not supplied

[Perioperative blood transfusion in patients with malignant neoplasms].

Within 1986-1988, 3,358 patients were treated at the Department of Surgery, Military Teaching Hospital in Bydgoszcz. Hundred twenty six out of these patients were operated for the malignant tumors. Indications to blood transfusion in case of patients with cancer were analysed retrospectively. In our patients about 50% whom blood was given were justified cases. It was found that the analysis of indications based on laboratory findings may decrease the amount of blood given patients who underwent surgery for cancer.

Adult↗
PubMed1990

Epidemiology of alimentary cancers in New South Wales, 1973-82.

Incidence and mortality data from New South Wales (NSW) for 1973-82 were examined using log-linear regression to determine the temporal trends of cancers of the alimentary tract. There were significant increases in incidence of cancers of the colon (1.7%/year), rectum (2.6%/year), and liver (4.0%/year) and decreases for cancers of the oesophagus (-2.2%/year) and stomach (-1.4%/year). By contrast, the mortality decreased significantly for cancers of the colon (-1.0%/year) and pancreas (-1.4%/year) as well as for cancers of the oesophagus (-3.4%/year) and stomach (-4.1%/year). Cancers of the colon, rectum and oesophagus were generally less frequent, and cancer of the stomach was more frequent, among migrants to NSW than among the native-born Australians in NSW. This pattern was most evident in migrants from Greece, Italy, Yugoslavia and England and was absent in migrants from Scotland and New Zealand. When compared with the state as a whole, rural NSW had significantly lower incidences of cancers of the oesophagus, stomach, colon and rectum.

Age Factors↗
PubMed1990

[Epidemiology of cancer of the digestive tract in Senegal. Review of 18,000 endoscopies performed at the Principal Hospital of Dakar].

314 alimentary tract cancers were discovered in 219 black males and 95 black females at the occasion of 18.000 endoscopies (high or low) performed during the 5 past years at the Principal Hospital (Dakar-Senegal). Mean age of the patients was 50, gastric cancer (170 cases) was the most frequent localization, then rectocolonic one (71 cases) and oesophageal one (61 cases). The more frequent utilization of endoscopy and may be a modification of diet in urban milieu might explain such a high frequency of discovery of alimentary tract cancers in Dakar.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1989

Expression pattern of the neu (NGL) gene-encoded growth factor receptor protein (p185neu) in normal and transformed epithelial tissues of the digestive tract.

The neu gene (also called NGL, erbB-2, and HER-2) encodes a 185-190 kDa transmembrane glycoprotein, p185neu, which has tyrosine-specific kinase activity and is homologous to but distinct from the epidermal growth factor receptor. The normal expression of neu mRNA and protein has been demonstrated in epithelial tissues of adult animals. Also, activation of the neu oncogene has been implicated in a variety of human adenocarcinomas. In the present study, we examined the expression of the p185neu protein in normal and transformed digestive tract tissues and in a panel of digestive tract-derived cell lines. By immunohistochemistry, strong reactivity was observed in the mucosal epithelium of the stomach, small intestine, and colon of both rodents and humans. In the small intestine, there was prominent p185neu expression by mucosal epithelium of the villus, with little or no staining in the crypts. Prominent expression was observed in the liver parenchyma, the endocrine and exocrine portions of the pancreas, and in the salivary gland. Immunoreactive p185neu was also demonstrated in fetal human intestinal epithelium. Tissue sections of selected benign and malignant colonic neoplasms were also examined. Immunoreactivity was consistently greater in adenomatous polyps than in adjacent normal colonic epithelium or areas showing malignant degeneration. By radioimmunoprecipitation, there was decreased expression in cell lines derived from more anaplastic colonic tumors. The p185neu protein is expressed widely in normal and transformed epithelial tissues of the digestive tract of the adult rat and human. This finding suggests that p185neu, a putative growth factor receptor, may play a role in the regulation of normal growth and function or in the malignant transformation of these cells.

Animals↗
PubMed1989

[Brain metastases from carcinomas of the digestive organs--a comparative study with those from pulmonary carcinomas].

During the past 11 years, we have experienced 7 cases of a metastatic brain tumor with the primary lesion in the digestive organs. Their clinical courses were retrospectively compared with those of 19 cases with a brain metastases from pulmonary carcinomas. Leptomeningeal carcinomatosis was found in 2 patients of the former group but none in the latter. Six out of 7 brain metastases in the former group were found to have averaged 13 months before their appearance after the diagnosis of the primary lesion. In contrast, 14 out of 19 patients in the latter group had an onset with symptoms of a brain metastasis. The average survival after intracranial surgery on the metastatic tumor was 174 days for the former group and 268 days for the latter. The prognosis of a brain metastasis from a carcinoma of the digestive organ appears to be extremely probable.

Adult↗