Ultrastructural changes in spinal ganglia following ligation of the abdominal aorta. Alteration of neurons.
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Animals↗
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Results for “GANGLIA, SPINAL”
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[Effect of cerebrospinal fluid from patients with neuro-infections on explants of spinal ganglia].
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Adolescent↗
The problem of "cellular dualism" in spinal ganglia from the aspect of qualitative and quantitative electron microscopy.
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[Autotransplantation of cat spinal ganglia].
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The morphogenesis of spinal ganglia from neural crest cells.
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Animals↗
Identification of a 35 kDa protein in rat spinal ganglia and sensory fibers.
A 35 kDa protein was purified from rat spinal ganglia and sensory fibers. Combined direct trypsin digest and liquid chromatography ion trap mass spectrometry analysis, the 35 kDa protein was identified as annexin V. We then studied the distribution of serum antibodies to annexin V in patients with peripheral neuropathy. We found serum positive antibodies to annexin V only in some patients with immune-mediated neuropathy. This indicated that humoral immune responses to annexin V might play a role in the pathogenesis of autoimmune sensory neuropathy or sensory neuronopathy.
Adolescent↗
Characteristics of neurite outgrowth from rat spinal ganglia: effects of serum and segmental level.
The outgrowth of neurites from spinal ganglia in tissue culture may be affected by many variables including medium constituents and the age of ganglia. If E15 rats were used, the rate of outgrowth from ganglion explants in response to nerve growth factor was independent of the cranial-caudal position from which the ganglia were derived. This contrasts with the cranial-to-caudal gradient present during embryonic development. The effect of serum on this outgrowth was also studied and ten of 17 lots of human placental serum, two of three lots of pooled human placental serum, and one of two lots of fetal calf serum significantly inhibited the outgrowth of neurites. This has relevance to the design of tissue culture studies and may be important in the interpretation of in vitro studies of disease mechanisms.
Animals↗
Latent herpes simplex virus in spinal ganglia of mice.
Herpes simplex virus establishes a persistent, latent infection in spinal ganglia after mice have recovered from posterior paralysis. Infectious virus is replicated when these ganglia are explanted and maintained as organ cultures in vitro.
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Gap junctions between perineuronal satellite cells increase in number with age in rabbit spinal ganglia.
The gap junctions between perineuronal satellite cells were studied in the spinal ganglia of 12, 42, and 79-month-old rabbits. The mean number of gap junctions per 100 microm2 of surface of the section occupied by satellite cells was significantly greater in old rabbits than young adults. Since the mean length of individual gap junctions did not change with age, the increase in number of gap junctions cannot be due to fragmentation of pre-existing gap junctions but is very likely due to the formation of new gap junctions. The increase in number of gap junctions cannot be related to an increase in number of perineuronal satellite cells since the mean number of these cells is significantly smaller in aged rabbits than in young adults. It is suggested that the increase in number of gap junctions with age may enhance the suggested neuroprotective role of satellite cells towards ganglionic neurons. The present findings, together with previous observations, suggest that the gap junctions between perineuronal satellite cells are dynamic structures, able to adapt to varying neuronal demands and varying environmental conditions.
Aging↗
On the treatment of vertebrogenic pain using laser-induced lesion of the spinal ganglia.
Recently, there has been an increase in the use of spinal-ganglia lesions as a means of surgical treatment of postdiscotomic algic syndromes. After relapses following thermocoagulation, the authors began to use lesions caused by a laser beam of an output of 30 W and temperature of 2,000 degrees C. As the resulting changes are irreversible, lasting effects of the procedure can be expected.
Back Pain↗
Cytoplasmic nucleolus-like inclusions (nematosomes) in spinal ganglia neurons of dog.
Intracytoplasmic nucleolus-like inclusions or nematosomes in spinal ganglia neurons of dog were studied by electron microscopy. In large light neurons several types of nematosomes can be identified. All types of the inclusions are non-membrane bound and composed of filamentous or granular aggregates. Nematosomes are mostly localized in the peripheral zone of cytoplasm. The mechanism of formation and functional significance of nematosomes is not fully clarified. The presence of ribosomes and cisterns of endoplasmic reticulum in their vicinity suggests some relation to proteosynthesis; they probably represent sites of protein storage.
Animals↗
Ultrastructural and quantitative investigations of the spinal ganglia neurons after ligation of the abdominal aorta.
The structural changes in spinal ganglia neurons of dogs subjected to repeated 40-minute ligation of the abdominal aorta with 1-6 day survival were studied by means of electron microscopy and morphometry. The endoplasmic reticulum shows marked changes with a decrease of bound ribosomes as well as a reduction of the membranous component, especially in the peripheral zone of cytoplasm. There were frequently noticed local deposits of filamentous material. Qualitative and quantitative changes had the same time course, culminating on the second to third day of survival. Later [6 days] some signs of neuronal recovery can be observed.
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[Changes in the neurons of the spinal cord and spinal ganglia in hypokinesia (a neuromorphological and histochemical study)].
On 62 white male rats at hypokinesia lasting for 7-60 days, motoneurons and neural cells of the lumbar sensitive ganglia have been studied at the level of L2--L4. Certain changes in the spinal ganglia have been neurohistologically revealed beginning from the 30th day of the experiment. In most of the neurons, mainly in large ones, phenomena of central chromatolysis are observed. In one-third of the cells, nuclear hyperchromatosis of various intensity is noted. As the experiment proceeds, the changes acquire a well developed character. In the spinal motoneurons, on the 30th-45th day of the experiment, peripheral chromatolysis, moderate nuclear hyperchromatosis nuclear hypertrophy are detected. Satellite neuroglia is increased according to the "Umklammerying" phenomenon. Cytophotometric investigation of SDG, NAD-D and AF demonstrates certain discoordination in their activity. On the 7th day, SDG and NAD-D activity in the spinal ganglia increases. Beginning from the 30th day, SDG and NAD-D activity in the objects studied decreases, while that of LDG and AF increases. Hypoxia is suggested to be the cause of the disorders observed. A supposition is made that the high AF activity could result in the disturbed activity of the enzymes localizing in mitochondria.
Animals↗
Distribution of herpes simplex virus types 1 and 2 genomes in human spinal ganglia studied by PCR and in situ hybridization.
Clinical data indicate that the recurring herpes simplex virus (HSV) from oro-labial lesions is HSV subtype 1 and that the virus from genital lesions is HSV-2. This suggests that HSV-1 and HSV-2 reside in latent forms in the trigeminal ganglia and sacral ganglia, respectively. However, the distribution of latent HSV-1 and HSV-2 infections in human spinal ganglia has not been fully examined. This report concerns the application of polymerase chain reaction (PCR) and in situ hybridization (ISH) to such a study. By using PCR and employing the respective primers, HSV-1 and HSV-2 DNAs were detected in 207 of 524 samples from 262 spinal ganglia (from the cervical to the sacral ganglia) examined on both sides. The percentages of HSV-1 and HSV-2 detected in a given set of ganglia were similar, indicating an absence of site preference. By ISH, few but positive hybridization signals were detected evenly in sacral ganglia sections. The data suggest that regional specificity of recurrent HSV infections is not due to regional distribution of latent virus, but that local host factors may be important for recurrences.
Adult↗
Mumps virus infection of dissociated rodent spinal ganglia in vitro. Expression and disappearance of viral structural proteins from neurons.
Cultured spinal ganglia and cord from mice and hamsters were infected with mumps virus or Sendai virus. Expression of five structural proteins, the haemagglutinin-neuraminidase, fusion, nucleocapsid (NP), phospho (P) and matrix proteins was examined with monoclonal antibodies to each protein. In Sendai virus-infected mouse neurons all five viral proteins were detected. In hamster neurons infected with mumps virus all viral proteins were also expressed, but in mouse neurons only the NP and P proteins were seen. This suggests a species-specific cellular restriction of viral protein synthesis in mumps virus-infected mouse neurons. There was no, or only a slight, reduction in the number of neurons between days 4 and 20 after infection of mouse cultures with mumps virus, but the proportion of infected neurons diminished from 68% to 15% during this time.
Animals↗
[Iso- and allotransplantation of spinal ganglia neurons].
The survival of the embryonal, neonatal and mature neurons from the spinal ganglia under the condition of iso- and allotransplantation into the colon mesentery of the rat was studied in chronic experiments. For seven months one-third of the mature neurons, about 100% of the neonatal neurons and only 5% of the embryonal neurons survived. The survived neurons had a pseudounipolar form and their initial glomeruli had excessive overgrowth in the form of perivascular plexus. These regenerating nerve fibres together with growth cones make terminals in the form of buds, rings and loops. Myelinization of the regenerating nerve fibres at ultrastructural level was studied.
Animals↗
Segregation of viral structural proteins in cultured neurons of rat spinal ganglia and cord.
Cultured spinal ganglion and spinal cord neurons were used to examine the intraneuronal distribution of five structural proteins of Sendai virus by immunohistochemistry. In spinal ganglion cells the internal, cytosolic viral proteins (the nucleocapsid, polymerase and matrix proteins) were confined to the perikarya, while the envelope glycoproteins (the haemagglutinin-neuraminidase and fusion proteins) also appeared in the axon-like processes. All five proteins occurred in the dendrite-like processes of spinal cord neurons. In both types of neuron the cytosolic viral proteins showed a pattern of distribution similar to that observed for the microtubule-associated protein MAP2. The segregated occurrence of the viral envelope and cytosolic proteins in axons may prevent virus assembly in axons and limit long-distance spread of paramyxoviruses in the nervous system.
Animals↗
Relationships between nervous component histomorphogenesis of chick embryo spinal ganglia and development of their vascular supply in chorioallantoic grafts.
The blood vessel formation as well as the neuroblast differentiation were studied in chick embryo spinal ganglia grafted onto chorioallantoic membrane, and comparatively in those developing in situ under normal conditions. The preliminary results seem to indicate that also in the grafted spinal ganglia, as already suggested, in previous researches, for the orthotopically developing ganglia, the vascular networks apparently do not exert influences on the nervous substratum morphohistogenesis.
Allantois↗