SEARCH · PubMed Health

Results for “Genomic characterization”

Explore indexed PubMed citations for clinical trials, systematic reviews and public health research. Read source abstracts and follow each citation to its original PubMed record.

Quote a phrase for an exact phrase match. Source license links do not imply unrestricted reuse.

At least 289 records · Page 16Linked to original sources

PubMed2026

Genome-wide characterization of BraABCB transporters reveals their potential roles in hormone responses in Brassica rapa var. parachinensis.

Thirty-six BraABCB genes were identified in Brassica rapa var. parachinensis; expression and interaction analyses suggest BraABCB27 and BraABCB28 as hormone-responsive candidates associated with BRI1-related proteins. ABCB transporters are ATP-dependent membrane proteins that mediate the transport of diverse substrates, including phytohormones, and play important roles in plant development and environmental adaptation. Previous studies in Arabidopsis have shown that several ABCB proteins participate in phytohormone transport, including auxin and brassinosteroid transport, whereas the functions of their homologs in Brassica rapa var. parachinensis remain poorly understood. In this study, 36 BraABCB genes were identified and classified into four phylogenetic groups. Conserved domain analysis showed that BraABCB proteins contain typical nucleotide-binding domains and transmembrane domains. Chromosomal distribution, collinearity, and Ka/Ks analyses suggested that the BraABCB family is evolutionarily conserved and mainly subject to purifying constraints. Promoter analysis and RT-qPCR assays of selected Group IV BraABCB genes revealed diverse expression patterns and responses to drought, high temperature, brassinolide, and indole-3-acetic acid treatments. Subcellular localization assays showed that selected Group IV BraABCB proteins exhibited predominant plasma membrane localization. Notably, BraABCB27 and BraABCB28, two close AtABCB1/AtABCB19-related homologs, showed detectable physical associations with BRI1-related proteins in BiFC and split-ubiquitin yeast two-hybrid assays. Together, these results provide a genome-wide characterization of the BraABCB gene family and identify BraABCB27 and BraABCB28 as candidate genes for future studies of their possible associations with BR-related membrane processes and hormone-regulated growth responses in B. rapa var. parachinensis.

Plant Growth Regulators↗

PubMed2003

Genome-wide characterization of a viral cytotoxic T lymphocyte epitope repertoire.

A genome-wide search using major histocompatibility complex (MHC) class I binding and proteosome cleavage site algorithms identified 101 influenza A PR8 virus-derived peptides as potential epitopes for CD8+ T cell recognition in the H-2b mouse. Cytokine-based flow cytometry, ELISPOT, and cytotoxic T lymphocyte assays reveal that 16 are recognized by CD8+ T cells recovered directly ex vivo from infected animals, accounting for greater than 70% of CD8+ T cells recruited to lung after primary infection. Only six of the 22 highest affinity MHC class I binding peptides comprise cytotoxic T lymphocyte epitopes. The remaining non-immunogenic peptides have equivalent MHC affinity and MHC-peptide complex half-lives, eliciting T cell responses when given in adjuvant and with T cell receptor-ligand avidity comparable with their immunogenic counterparts. As revealed by a novel high sensitivity nanospray tandem mass spectrometry methodology, failure to process those predicted epitopes may contribute significantly to the absent response. These results have important implications for rationale design of CD8+ T cell vaccines.

Algorithms↗

PubMed1994

Genomic structure, characterization, and identification of the promoter of the human IL-8 receptor A gene.

Two unique but homologous receptors for the neutrophil chemoattractant, IL-8 have been cloned (designated IL-8RA and IL-8RB), each of which binds IL-8 with high affinity. IL-8RA mRNA expression was found to be regulated by granulocyte-CSF and LPS. In an attempt to understand the tissue-specific expression and to identify transcriptional regulatory elements, we have cloned, sequenced, and characterized the human IL-8RA gene. A lambda-DASH clone encoding the entire human IL-8RA gene was isolated by screening a genomic library with a PCR-generated cDNA. After mapping, subcloning, and sequencing several restriction fragments, a 9.2-kb continuous DNA sequence was obtained. As the sizes of the published cDNA (1.9 kb) and the mRNA determined by Northern blot analysis (2.1 kb) were not in agreement, a full-length cDNA was cloned by using a modified rapid amplification of cDNA ends technique. We identified a 5'-untranslated region of 119 bp. After comparison with the genomic sequence, we found the gene consisted of two exons interrupted by an intron of 1.7 kb. A 1050-bp ORF was encoded entirely in the second exon together with a 834-bp 3'-untranslated region. The immediate GC-rich 5'-flanking region upstream of exon 1 could serve as a constitutively active promoter in chloramphenicol-acetyl-transferase-expression assays. Expression analysis of additional upstream regions suggested the presence of silencer elements between positions -841 and -280. In conclusion, cloning a full-length cDNA permitted us to clone the human IL-8RA gene, identify the genomic structure, and characterize the promoter region.

Amino Acid Sequence↗

PubMed1997

Identification and characterization of genomic nucleosome-positioning sequences.

Positioned nucleosomes are believed to play important roles in transcriptional regulation and for the organization of chromatin in cell nuclei. Here, we have isolated the DNA segments in the mouse genome that form the most stable nucleosomes yet characterized. In separate molecules we find phased runs of three to four adenine nucleotides, extensive CA repeats, and in a few cases phased TATA tetranucleotides. The latter forms the most stable nucleosome yet characterized. One sequence with CAG repeats was also found. By fluorescence in situ hydridization the selected sequences are shown to be localized at the centromeric regions of mouse metaphase chromosomes.

Animals↗

PubMed1980

Isolation and characterization of genomic DNA coding for alpha 2 type I collagen.

We have isolated and characterized a segment of the chick alpha 2 collagen gene by screening a library of chick genomic fragments using as hybridization probe an alpha 2 collagen cDNA clone. Several clones were isolated and one of them, lambda gCOL 204, was used for further studies. The DNA of lambda gCOL 204 hybridizes to a unique species of mRNA the size of alpha 2 collagen mRNA. This mRNA can be translated into a unique polypeptide which comigrates in SDS-gel electrophoresis with pro-alpha 2 collagen. Electron microscopic analysis by R-loop technique indicates that lambda gCOL 204 contains 7Kb of the alpha 2 collagen gene. This 7 Kb piece constitutes the 3' end of the gene. The same clone also contains 9 Kb of DNA that is immediately adjacent to the 3' end of the alpha 2 collagen gene. The cloned segment of the alpha 2 collagen gene is interrupted by 8 intervening sequences of various lengths. The coding sequences for collagen in this clone add up to approximately 1,800 bp, which correspond to about 1/3 of alpha 2 collagen mRNA. DNA sequence analysis of a small coding segment of lambda g COL 204 reveals a characteristic collagen type sequence which encodes for an amino acid sequence identical to a sequence found in calf alpha 2 collagen. The sequence of this region of the protein has not yet been determined for the chick alpha 2 collagen.

Animals↗

PubMed2003

Genome-wide genetic characterization of bladder cancer: a comparison of high-density single-nucleotide polymorphism arrays and PCR-based microsatellite analysis.

Most human cancers are characterized by genomic instability, the accumulation of multiple genetic alterations, and allelic imbalance throughout the genome. Loss of heterozygosity (LOH) is a common form of allelic imbalance, and the detection of LOH has been used to identify genomic regions that harbor tumor suppressor genes and to characterize different tumor types, pathological stages and progression. Global patterns of LOH can be discerned by allelotyping of tumors with polymorphic genetic markers. Microsatellites are reliable genetic markers for studying LOH, but typically only a modest number of microsatellites are tested in LOH studies because the genotyping procedure can be laborious. Here we describe the use of a new alternative approach to comprehensive allelotyping in which samples are genotyped for nearly 1500 single-nucleotide polymorphism (SNP) loci distributed across all human autosomal arms. We examined the pattern of allelic imbalance in human transitional cell carcinomas of the urinary bladder including 36 primary tumors and 1 recurrent tumor with matched normal DNAs. The call rate for all SNPs was 78.5 +/- 1.87% overall samples. Overall, the median number of allelic imbalance was 47.5, ranging from 20 to 118. The mean number of allelic imbalances was 36.58, 51.30, and 67.78 for pT(a), pT(1), and > or =pT(2), respectively, and also increased by grade. The SNP microarray analysis result was validated by comparison with microsatellite allelotype analysis of 118 markers in the same tumors. Overall, the two methods produced consistent loss patterns at informative loci. The SNP assay discovered previously undiscovered allelic imbalances at chromosomal arms 12q, 16p, 1p, and 2q. The detection of LOH and other chromosomal changes using large numbers of SNP markers should enable rapid and accurate identification of allelic imbalance patterns that will facilitate the mapping and identification of important cancer genes. Moreover, SNP analysis raises the possibility of individual tumor genome-wide allelotyping with potential prognostic and diagnostic applications.

Carcinoma, Transitional Cell↗

PubMedDate not supplied

[A novel approach to isolation and functional characterization of genomic DNA from the methylotrophic yeast Hansenula polymorpha].

A novel approach to isolation and functional characterization of the Hansenula polymorpha genes basing on the use of two strains of different origin is described. One of these strains is better suited for the isolation of genomic DNA fragments, while the other is preferable for their functional analysis. Thirty three genomic sequences governing expression of a reporter protein have been isolated. Analysis of the sequence encoding a homolog of the Saccharomyces cerevisiae cofilin revealed two introns. Another isolated DNA fragment encoded a homolog of the S. cerevisiae V ps10p. Disruption of the corresponding gene resulted in secretion of a vacuolar protein, carboxypeptidase Y, into the culture medium.

Actin Depolymerizing Factors↗

PubMed2026

Comparative genomics of the monophasic variant of Salmonella Typhimurium: analysis of Colombian genomes and their relationship with international lineages.

The monophasic variant of Salmonella enterica serovar Typhimurium (STVM) represents a growing threat to global public health owing to its wide dissemination, capacity to adapt to multiple hosts, and antimicrobial resistance. In this study, 98 STVM isolates recovered in Colombia (57 from humans and 41 from pig farms and abattoirs) were genomically characterized between 2015 and 2022 and compared with 102 representative genomes of international lineages by whole-genome sequencing (WGS) and phylogenomic analysis. Phylogenomic analysis revealed the existence of two well-defined endemic lineages in Colombia (Clusters 1 and 2), arising from independent introduction events and subsequent local stabilization. Both lineages comprise isolates of human and swine origin without clear phylogenetic separation by host species, suggesting active zoonotic cocirculation and closely integrated interspecies transmission dynamics. Marked differences were observed in the accessory genome, including the differential presence of prophages (e.g., Gifsy-2, Fels-2, SW9), virulence plasmids, and resistance profiles. The Colombian lineages exhibited a high frequency of the pSTV plasmid (85%, n = 84/98) and a substantial burden of resistance determinants to quinolones (such as qnrB19, 74.5%; gyrA S83F mutation, 19.4%), phenicols (floR), tetracyclines (tetA, tetB), β-lactams (blaTEM-1B), and heavy metals. In contrast, the Colombian genomes clustered with the European ST34 lineage lacked pSTV but retained resistance and heavy metal operons. These findings demonstrate that international and endemic lineages coexist in Colombia with independent evolutionary trajectories, underscoring the need to strengthen genomic surveillance under the "One Health" approach to anticipate emerging threats and develop integrated control strategies.IMPORTANCEThe monophasic variant of Salmonella Typhimurium (STVM) has emerged as a predominant serovar in both humans and swine internationally. In Colombia, a fundamental question driving this study was whether local isolates belonged to international lineages or represented endemic strains. This study provides the first comprehensive genomic characterization demonstrating that two Colombian endemic lineages circulate simultaneously between humans and pigs without phylogenetic separation by host species, confirming active zoonotic transmission. The results demonstrate the coexistence of both lineages, each with distinctive repertoires of mobile genetic elements and specific antimicrobial resistance profiles. Understanding these transmission dynamics and evolutionary patterns is crucial for public health, as it demonstrates how zoonotic pathogens can establish locally adapted lineages with distinct resistance patterns. The genomic evidence of sustained interspecies circulation highlights the critical need for integrated surveillance strategies under the "One Health" framework. This will enable anticipating emerging threats, tracing transmission routes, and developing targeted interventions in food production systems.

One Health↗

PubMed1995

Genomic cloning, characterization, and functional analysis of the major surface adhesin WI-1 on Blastomyces dermatitidis yeasts.

WI-1 is a 120-kDa surface protein adhesin on Blastomyces dermatitidis yeasts that binds CD18 and CD14 receptors on human macrophages. We isolated and analyzed a clone of genomic WI-1 to characterize this key adherence mechanism of the yeast. The 9.3-kilobase insert contains an open reading frame of 3438 nucleotides and no introns. The amino acid sequence of native WI-1 matches the deduced sequence of genomic WI-1 at positions 757-769, 901-913, and 1119-1138, demonstrating the cloned gene is authentic WI-1. The complete coding sequence has 30 highly conserved repeats of 24 amino acids arrayed in tandem in two noncontiguous regions of the protein. The repeat sequence is homologous to the Yersiniae adhesin invasin, the C terminus displays an epidermal growth factor-like domain, and the N terminus has a short hydrophobic sequence that may be a membrane-spanning domain. The tandem repeats are predicted to be at the exposed surface of the protein, thereby explaining the adhesive properties of WI-1. The WI-1 promoter contains a CAAT box (nucleotide positions 2287-2290), TATA box (2380-2385), and CT motif (2399-2508). Transcription is initiated within the CT motif at nucleotide 2431. A 5.5-kilobase subclone containing the full coding sequence of WI-1 was expressed as a histidine-tagged fusion protein in Escherichia coli. Recombinant WI-1 has the expected molecular mass of 120 kDa, is strongly recognized in Western blots by rabbit anti-WI-1 antiserum, and binds human macrophage receptors in the same manner as native WI-1. This work clarifies a key adherence mechanism of B. dermatitidis and will permit further analysis of WI-1-mediated attachment to host cells, receptors, and extracellular matrix.

Amino Acid Sequence↗

PubMed1997

Isolation and characterization of genomic clones of human sequences presumably coding for hair cysteine-rich proteins.

The major biochemical components of the mammalian hair are the intermediate filaments or keratins and the keratin associated proteins. Keratin associated proteins are classified into two groups (high-cysteine and high glycine-tyrosine-rich polypeptides) according to the content of these amino acids. Cysteine-rich group contains high sulphur (16-24% cysteine) and ultra-high sulphur (> 30% cysteine) proteins. We report here the identification of a human sequence presumably coding for a new ultra-high sulphur protein (hUHSp21) and the isolation and characterization of four genomic clones containing six related sequences. We also discuss the possibility that all the genes encoding keratin associated proteins are evolutionary related. These human clones should provide useful molecular tools for studies of hair differentiation and understanding of the molecular basis of human trichothiodystrophy.

Amino Acid Sequence↗

PubMed2005

Genome-wide characterization of Tetrahymena thermophila chromosome breakage sites. II. Physical and genetic mapping.

The chromosomes of the macronuclear (expressed) genome of Tetrahymena thermophila are generated by developmental fragmentation of the five micronuclear (germline) chromosomes. This fragmentation is site specific, directed by a conserved chromosome breakage sequence (Cbs element). An accompanying article in this issue reports the development of a successful scheme for the genome-wide cloning and identification of functional chromosome breakage sites. This article reports the physical and genetic characterization of 30 functional chromosome breakage junctions. Unique sequence tags and physical sizes were obtained for the pair of macronuclear chromosomes generated by fragmentation at each Cbs. Cbs-associated polymorphisms were used to genetically map 11 junctions to micronuclear linkage groups and macronuclear coassortment groups. Two pairs of junctions showed statistically significant similarity of the sequences flanking the Cbs, suggestive of relatively recent duplications of entire Cbs junctions during Tetrahymena genome evolution. Two macronuclear chromosomes that lose at least one end in an age-related manner were also identified. The whole-genome shotgun sequencing of the Tetrahymena macronucleus has recently been completed at The Institute for Genome Research (TIGR). By providing unique sequence from natural ends of macronuclear chromosomes, Cbs junctions will provide useful sequence tags for relating macro- and micronuclear genetic, physical, and whole-genome sequence maps.

Animals↗

PubMed2002

New insights into the pleiotropic drug resistance network from genome-wide characterization of the YRR1 transcription factor regulation system.

Yrr1p is a recently described Zn(2)Cys(6) transcription factor involved in the pleiotropic drug resistance (PDR) phenomenon. It is controlled in a Pdr1p-dependent manner and is autoregulated. We describe here a new genome-wide approach to characterization of the set of genes directly regulated by Yrr1p. We found that the time-course production of an artificial chimera protein containing the DNA-binding domain of Yrr1p activated the 15 genes that are also up-regulated by a gain-of-function mutant of Yrr1p. Gel mobility shift assays showed that the promoters of the genes AZR1, FLR1, SNG1, YLL056C, YLR346C, and YPL088W interacted with Yrr1p. The putative consensus Yrr1p binding site deduced from these experiments, (T/A)CCG(C/T)(G/T)(G/T)(A/T)(A/T), is strikingly similar to the PDR element binding site sequence recognized by Pdr1p and Pdr3p. The minor differences between these sequences are consistent with Yrr1p and Pdr1p and Pdr3p having different sets of target genes. According to these data, some target genes are directly regulated by Pdr1p and Pdr3p or by Yrr1p, whereas some genes are indirectly regulated by the activation of Yrr1p. Some genes, such as YOR1, SNQ2, and FLR1, are clearly directly controlled by both classes of transcription factor, suggesting an important role for the corresponding membrane proteins.

Amino Acid Sequence↗

PubMed2004

Structural characterization of genomes by large scale sequence-structure threading.

BACKGROUND: Using sequence-structure threading we have conducted structural characterization of complete proteomes of 37 archaeal, bacterial and eukaryotic organisms (including worm, fly, mouse and human) totaling 167,888 genes. RESULTS: The reported data represent first rather general evaluation of performance of full sequence-structure threading on multiple genomes providing opportunity to evaluate its general applicability for large scale studies. According to the estimated results the sequence-structure threading has assigned protein folds to more then 60% of eukaryotic, 68% of archaeal and 70% of bacterial proteomes.The repertoires of protein classes, architectures, topologies and homologous superfamilies (according to the CATH 2.4 classification) have been established for distant organisms and superkingdoms. It has been found that the average abundance of CATH classes decreases from "alpha and beta" to "mainly beta", followed by "mainly alpha" and "few secondary structures".3-Layer (aba) Sandwich has been characterized as the most abundant protein architecture and Rossman fold as the most common topology. CONCLUSION: The analysis of genomic occurrences of CATH 2.4 protein homologous superfamilies and topologies has revealed the power-law character of their distributions. The corresponding double logarithmic "frequency - genomic occurrence" dependences characteristic of scale-free systems have been established for individual organisms and for three superkingdoms.

Animals↗

PubMed1994

Characterization of genomic PIG-A gene: a gene for glycosylphosphatidylinositol-anchor biosynthesis and paroxysmal nocturnal hemoglobinuria.

Paroxysmal nocturnal hemoglobinuria (PNH) is an acquired hemolytic anemia characterized by the presence of abnormal subpopulations of blood cells that are deficient in surface expression of glycosylphosphatidylinositol (GPI)-anchored proteins. Recent studies showed that the gene termed PIG-A, which participates in the first step of GPI-anchor biosynthesis, is mutated in the abnormal blood cells from patients with PNH. In this study the genomic PIG-A gene was cloned and characterized to obtain nucleotide sequence information for analyzing somatic mutations of PIG-A in patients with PNH. The PIG-A gene is at least 17 kb long and has six exons. The exon-intron boundaries and 583 bp of the 5' flanking region were sequenced. The 5' flanking region has no TATA-like sequence, but includes four CAAT boxes, two AP-2 sequences, and a CRE sequence, some of which are present in regions necessary for the promoter activity. We report pairs of oligonucleotide primers for polymerase chain reaction that should be useful to amplify and analyze various regions of the PIG-A gene in patients with PNH.

Base Sequence↗

PubMed2025

Genome-wide characterization of ZmCRY genes: unveiling stress response mechanisms and the role of ZmCRYPHR2 in salinity tolerance.

BACKGROUND: Blue light serves as a crucial environmental signal regulating plant growth and development. The cryptochrome (CRY) family represents a key class of blue light receptors involved in these processes, as well as plant growth, development, and defense. However, the functions of CRYs in maize remain largely unexplored. RESULTS: In this study, nine ZmCRY genes were identified and found to be unevenly distributed across five chromosomes. Gene structure and conserved motif analyses revealed that ZmCRYs within the same phylogenetic groups are highly conserved. Synteny analysis indicated a close evolutionary relationship between ZmCRYs and their homologs in Oryza sativa. Promoter analysis identified diverse cis-regulatory elements linked to light response, stress tolerance, and hormone signaling. RT-qPCR analysis showed that ZmCRYs respond to various abiotic and biotic stresses, including high salinity, drought, nitrogen deficiency, Fusarium verticillioides, and Puccinia polysora. Functional studies demonstrated that ZmCRYPHR2, localized in chloroplasts and the cytoplasmic membrane, plays a role in scavenging reactive oxygen and regulating maize salt tolerance. Haplotype 2 of ZmCRYPHR2 was identified as the preferred haplotype in a panel of 269 inbred lines. CONCLUSIONS: These findings provide a comprehensive genomic and functional characterization of the ZmCRY gene family, with ZmCRYPHR2 identified as a pivotal regulator of salt tolerance, offering valuable genetic insights for the development of stress-resilient maize breeding.

Zea mays↗

PubMed1983

Isolation and characterization of genomic mouse DNA clones containing sequences homologous to tRNAs and 5S rRNA.

We have cloned and characterized three fragments of Balb/c mouse DNA which hybridize to mouse cell tRNAs. Fractionation of the tRNAs which hybridize to these clones reveals that two of the clones, lambda Mt-4A and lambda Mt-6A hybridize to only one or two tRNAs, while one clone, lambda Mt-4B, hybridizes to at least seven tRNAs. Two of the tRNAs were identified as tRNAProCCG and tRNAGlyGGA, and others have been identified as tRNAs which are selectively encapsidated into virions of murine leukemia virus and avian reticuloendotheliosis virus. The DNA sequences of putative genes for tRNAProCCG and tRNAGlyGGA, plus flanking regions, were determined. A clone of Balb/c mouse DNA which selectively hybridized to 5S rRNA was also isolated and partially characterized.

Animals↗

PubMed2002

[Sequence analysis of translocation t (X; 18) genomic breakpoints characterized in synovial sarcoma].

OBJECTIVE: To analyze the DNA sequence characteristics of translocation t (X; 18) genomic breakpoints and to study the mechanism underlying chromosomal translocation t (X; 18) in synovial sarcoma. METHODS: Two cases of synovial sarcoma were studied utilizing long-distance polymerase chain reaction (PCR) and sequence analysis to amplify the genomic DNA of translocation t (X; 18) breakpoints. RESULTS: Translocation t (X; 18) was detected in both cases, which generated SYT-SSX1 and SYT-SSX2 fusion gene respectively. Sequence analysis revealed that intron 10 of SYT was fused to the intron 4 of SSX1 or SSX2. Sequences highly homologous to consensus recognition motifs of translin were found adjacent to breakpoints in all three genes. Breakpoints in the three genes were close to or even at several palindromic oligomer sequences. The breaks in intron 4 of SSX1 and SSX2 were near an Alu sequence. No Alu or other repetitive sequences were found 500 bp upstream or downstream from the break in intron 10 of SYT. One topoisomerase II consensus site was found between the two breakpoints but with considerable distance from intron 10 of SYT. CONCLUSIONS: All three genes involved in synovial sarcomas contain characteristic sequence motifs in the breakpoint regions which may play an important role in the genesis of chromosomal translocation in synovial sarcoma.

Base Sequence↗

PubMed2026

Genome-Wide Characterization of Calmodulin-Binding Transcription Activators Genes in Aegilops tauschii.

Calcium signaling plays a central role in plant adaptation to abiotic stresses and is primarily mediated by calmodulin and its associated transcription factors. Calmodulin-binding transcription activators (CAMTAs) regulate stress-responsive gene expression, but their characteristics and functions remain largely unexplored in Aegilops tauschii Coss., the D-genome progenitor of bread wheat. In this study, a genome-wide identification and characterization of the CAMTA gene family was performed, followed by phylogenetic, structural, conserved domain, promoter cis-element, and expression analyses under drought stress. Five AetCAMTA genes were identified and classified into three phylogenetic groups. All proteins contained conserved CG-1 DNA-binding, ankyrin repeat (ANK), and IQ calmodulin-binding domains and exhibited similar exon-intron organization. Promoter analysis revealed abundant hormone- and stress-responsive cis-elements, particularly abscisic acid-responsive element (ABRE) and drought-responsive MYB-binding site (MBS) motifs, suggesting their involvement in drought-responsive signaling. Quantitative RT-PCR showed genotype- and stress-dependent expression patterns, with the drought-tolerant ecotype (TN-01-1747) exhibiting higher expression of AetCAMTA1, AetCAMTA2, and AetCAMTA3 than the drought-sensitive ecotype (TN-01-1559) under moderate drought stress. These findings provide new insights into the evolutionary and functional characteristics of AetCAMTA genes and identify promising candidates for improving drought tolerance in wheat through molecular breeding and biotechnological approaches.

Gene Expression Regulation, Plant↗