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At least 289 records · Page 16Linked to original sources
PubMed2006

Guidelines for prevention of stroke in patients with ischemic stroke or transient ischemic attack: a statement for healthcare professionals from the American Heart Association/American Stroke Association Council on Stroke: co-sponsored by the Council on Cardiovascular Radiology and Intervention: the American Academy of Neurology affirms the value of this guideline.

The aim of this new statement is to provide comprehensive and timely evidence-based recommendations on the prevention of ischemic stroke among survivors of ischemic stroke or transient ischemic attack. Evidence-based recommendations are included for the control of risk factors, interventional approaches for atherosclerotic disease, antithrombotic treatments for cardioembolism, and the use of antiplatelet agents for noncardioembolic stroke. Further recommendations are provided for the prevention of recurrent stroke in a variety of other specific circumstances, including arterial dissections; patent foramen ovale; hyperhomocysteinemia; hypercoagulable states; sickle cell disease; cerebral venous sinus thrombosis; stroke among women, particularly with regard to pregnancy and the use of postmenopausal hormones; the use of anticoagulation after cerebral hemorrhage; and special approaches for the implementation of guidelines and their use in high-risk populations.

Adult↗
PubMedDate not supplied

American Cancer Society guidelines for the early detection of cancer: update of early detection guidelines for prostate, colorectal, and endometrial cancers. Also: update 2001--testing for early lung cancer detection.

Updates to the American Cancer Society (ACS) guidelines regarding screening for the early detection of prostate, colorectal, and endometrial cancers, based on the recommendations of recent ACS workshops, are presented. Additionally, the authors review the "cancer-related check-up," clinical encounters that provide case-finding and health counseling opportunities. Finally, the ACS is issuing an updated narrative related to testing for early lung cancer detection for clinicians and individuals at high risk of lung cancer in light of emerging data on new imaging technologies. Although it is likely that current screening protocols will be supplanted in the future by newer, more effective technologies, the establishment of an organized and systematic approach to early cancer detection would lead to greater utilization of existing technology and greater progress in cancer control.

Colorectal Neoplasms↗
PubMed1994

Guidelines for preventing the transmission of Mycobacterium tuberculosis in health-care facilities, 1994--CDC. Notice of final revisions to the "Guidelines for Preventing the Transmission of Mycobacterium Tuberculosis in health-care facilities, 1994".

The purpose of this notice is to print the final "Guidelines for Preventing the Transmission of Mycobacterium tuberculosis in Health-Care Facilities, 1994," and a summary of comments and responses to those comments.

Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, U.S.↗
PubMed2006

Guidelines for prevention of stroke in patients with ischemic stroke or transient ischemic attack: a statement for healthcare professionals from the American Heart Association/American Stroke Association Council on Stroke: co-sponsored by the Council on Cardiovascular Radiology and Intervention: the American Academy of Neurology affirms the value of this guideline.

The aim of this new statement is to provide comprehensive and timely evidence-based recommendations on the prevention of ischemic stroke among survivors of ischemic stroke or transient ischemic attack. Evidence-based recommendations are included for the control of risk factors, interventional approaches for atherosclerotic disease, antithrombotic treatments for cardioembolism, and the use of antiplatelet agents for noncardioembolic stroke. Further recommendations are provided for the prevention of recurrent stroke in a variety of other specific circumstances, including arterial dissections; patent foramen ovale; hyperhomocysteinemia; hypercoagulable states; sickle cell disease; cerebral venous sinus thrombosis; stroke among women, particularly with regard to pregnancy and the use of postmenopausal hormones; the use of anticoagulation after cerebral hemorrhage; and special approaches for the implementation of guidelines and their use in high-risk populations.

American Heart Association↗
PubMed1995

Application of field triage guidelines by pre-hospital personnel: is mechanism of injury a valid guideline for patient triage?

We prospectively investigated the appropriateness of Mechanism of Injury as an exclusive indicator for trauma center triage. For all patients transported to our level 1 trauma center, EMS personnel identified applicable American College of Surgeons' Committee on Trauma field triage guidelines. A total of 112 questionnaires were completed. Mechanism of injury was the only reason for trauma center transport in 29. Neither intubation nor emergent surgery was required in any of these patients, and all survived. Only two had an ISS > 15. The remaining 83 patients had an 11% mortality rate. Fourteen (16.9%) had ISS scores > 15. Defining an ISS of 16 or greater as severe injury, mechanism of injury alone had a positive predictive value of only 6.9%. Mechanism of injury may not, by itself, justify bypass of local hospitals in favor of trauma centers.

Adult↗
PubMed2005

Harmonization of immunotoxicity guidelines in the ICH process--pathology considerations from the guideline Committee of the European Society of Toxicological Pathology (ESTP) .

As part of the ICH process of harmonization of testing guidelines for immunotoxicity, the European Society of Toxicologic Pathology (ESTP) has contributed to the scientific discussion on methods and evaluation of immunotoxicity studies with technical and scientific recommendations on toxicologic pathology. The weighing and sampling of immune organs is discussed taking into consideration specifically the value of lymph node weighing and the selection of appropriate lymph nodes for the detection of local and systemic effects. The different techniques of bone marrow preparation are considered for routine and extended investigations. Criteria are given for the gross and histopathological detection of effects in Peyer's patches. For the histopathological evaluation it is strongly recommended that each compartment within the different lymphoid organs is investigated separately and semiquantitatively since this approach has shown to increase the sensitivity and specificity of immunohistopathology.

Animals↗
PubMedDate not supplied

Guidelines for clinical engineering programs--Part I: guidelines for electrical isolation; Part II: performance evaluation of clinical engineering programs.

This series presents guidelines for: electrically isolated inputs and outputs; measuring the performance of hospital biomedical engineering programs; evaluating the risk of electric shock in hospitals; and for isolated power in anesthetizing locations. In Part I, specific recommendations are given for the use of insulated approach, battery-powered monitors in surgery, and for isolation requirements for devices connected to cardiac leads. In Part II, checklists are provided for the self-evaluation of an in-house, biomedical engineering staff. Parts III and IV, in future issues of this Journal, will include discussion of the theoretical electrical hazard potential in reference to the use of isolated power systems. The question of whether isolated power should be required in all anesthetizing locations will be discussed in Part IV.

Accident Prevention↗
PubMed1999

World Health Organization-International Society of Hypertension Guidelines for the Management of Hypertension-Do These Differ From the U.S. Recommendations? Which Guidelines Should the Practicing Physician Follow?

The recent World Health Organization-International Society of Hypertension (WHO-ISH) recommendations for the treatment of hypertension are consistent with the guidelines established by the Sixth Joint National Committee on Prevention, Detection, Evaluation, and Treatment of High Blood Pressure (JNC VI) in the U.S. with several exceptions. Both reports define hypertension as a persistent elevation of blood pressure greater than 140/90 mm Hg and advocate the lowering of blood pressure for all patients with cardiovascular (CV) risk factors in addition to hypertension. The WHO-ISH report, however, suggests continuing monitoring without medication for subjects without other risk factors if pressures are not greater than 150/95 mm Hg. The JNC VI recommends drug therapy even in these subjects if blood pressures remain greater than 140/90 mm Hg after a 6-12 month period of nonpharmacologic interventions. Based on available data this would appear to be a more reasonable recommendation. The WHO-ISH indicates that all classes of medication are suitable initial therapy, despite the lack of morbidity and mortality data with several of them. The JNC VI continues to use outcome data to recommend diuretics or à -blockers as initial treatment. The WHO-ISH recommendations may prove to be appropriate-i.e., the lowering of blood pressure makes the difference and not which medication is used-There are some data to support this position but at present the strongest outcome data support the JNC VI recommendations. Both reports stress the importance of lowering blood pressure to levels of 130/85 mm Hg or even lower in patients with diabetes, renal, or heart failure. The addition of the WHO-ISH report should help to focus more clearly the need for better blood pressure control. (c)1999 by Le Jacq Communications, Inc.

Journal Article↗
PubMed1990

Guidelines for the detection of high-risk lipoprotein profiles and the treatment of dyslipoproteinemias. Canadian Lipoprotein Conference Ad Hoc Committee on Guidelines for Dyslipoproteinemias.

Elevated plasma levels of cholesterol and triglycerides, low levels of high-density lipoproteins, hypertension, diabetes mellitus, smoking and abdominal obesity are risk factors for coronary heart disease (CHD) and stroke. Because of the preventable threat to life, well-being and productivity from perturbations of plasma lipoproteins (which affect about 60% of adults), we recommend a population-based strategy with public education on diet, exercise and the hazards of smoking and legislation for better food labelling. This should be combined with the medical guidelines we describe to detect and treat those at highest risk for CHD (including about 15% of adults), who merit priority for the medical, dietetic and laboratory services required. Among people aged 40 years or more this includes those with plasma total cholesterol levels greater than 7 mmol/L, fasting triglyceride levels greater than 3 mmol/L or cholesterol level greater than 6 mmol/L when associated with CHD or other risk factors for CHD. For younger people the criteria for highest risk include cholesterol levels greater than 6.5 mmol/L for those aged 30 to 39 years, greater than 6 mmol/L for those aged 20 to 29 and greater than 5 mmol/L for those under age 20.

Adult↗
PubMed1986

A study among dietitians and adult members of their households of the practicalities and implications of following proposed dietary guidelines for the UK. British Dietetic Association Community Nutrition Group Nutrition Guidelines Project.

Four hundred and seventy-two dietitians and adult members of their households took part in a research project carried out by the British Dietetic Association's Community Nutrition Group. They first kept 7-day weighed food diaries of their normal eating habits. These were analysed and compared with the dietary goals set by the study. The participants who did not 'achieve' the goals were then asked to keep a second 7-day weighted diary while trying to eat a diet conforming to the dietary goals which were based on the NACNE long-term guidelines; 351 people did so. Mean nutrient intakes on first diaries were within the short-term goals recommended by the NACNE report except for fat and when participants were consciously altering their diets they achieved all the long-term goals. Average intakes were: fat, 30 per cent of energy; saturated fat; 10 per cent of energy; added sugar, 7 per cent of energy; alcohol, 4 per cent of energy; dietary fibre, 38 g; and sodium 2690 mg. The goals for total fat and saturated fat were the hardest to achieve. There was a significant drop in energy intake between the first and second diaries from 7.99 (s.d. +/- 1.54) MJ to 7.05 (s.d. +/- 1.25) for women (P less than 0.001) and 10.92 (+/- s.d. 1.76) MJ to 9.42 (s.d. +/- 1.54) MJ for men (P less than 0.001). The percentage of energy from fat and added sugars and the amount of sodium and fibre in the diet tended to increase with energy intake. None of the men in the highest energy band (12.56 MJ) achieved the goal for sodium. The diet which achieved the goals was more nutrient-dense than the diet which did not with significant increases in 14 vitamins and minerals despite the drop in energy. Participants experienced some problems in achieving the goals but not as many as had been anticipated.

Adult↗