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Accuracy of investment risk models varies.

Financial analysis of proposed capital investments must include an assessment of risk as well as return. Four assessment techniques can be used to provide insight into the risk inherent in any capital investment project: breakeven analysis, sensitivity analysis, scenario analysis, and Monte Carlo simulation. The most complete picture of a project's stand-alone risk is provided by a Monte Carlo simulation, which generates a profitability probability distribution. The primary concern of most hospital decision makers, however, is the amount of risk the capital investment adds to the riskiness of the hospital in the aggregate.

Capital Expenditures↗

Estimating your educational investments. Tips, tricks and traps.

Education investments will more than likely consume the majority of every restructuring dollar you spend. So start estimating them early. Additionally, ensure they are properly budgeted in the appropriate years. Base your investment estimates on the number of people you intend to educate and the time required to do it. Lastly, when it comes time to actually spending the money, "layer-in" your educational requirements over time, when appropriate educate where the work gets done, and "back-fill" staff only when necessary, always using the least cost approach available at the time. Most importantly, don't undervalue the return on your educational investment. It will undoubtedly be one of the best "moves" you ever make.

Budgets↗

The prudent investment process.

Are you a CFO, CEO or treasure of your organization? Are you a member of the board of directors or investment or pension committees? If you answered "yes" to these questions, you are likely to be considered a fiduciary of investment assets. This position carries with it prestige, responsibility, and potential personal liability should something go wrong. Of course, liability will most likely occur only if a failure has occurred in carrying out fiduciary responsibilities. But what are those responsibilities? And what is the most appropriate way to manage investment decisions?

Financial Management, Hospital↗

Investing for the future.

Financially savvy hospitals are getting aggressive with their investment management strategies, using healthy returns from wisely invested nonoperating dollars to finance construction projects, make acquisitions and expand services. Industry estimates show hospitals have a large nest egg to work with--some $400 billion in assets available for investment.

Capital Financing↗

Managing your hospital's investments.

If the board exercises control in investment management, trustees can balance conflicting demands between current cash needs and their fiduciary obligation to preserve capital. Appropriate organization, establishment of investment goals, and implementation of procedures to monitor investment performance all are necessary elements of control.

Financial Management↗

Managing investments for the rural hospital.

The management of all resources, particularly capital, in a healthcare institution is a vital part of organizational success. For the rural hospital though, investment management is often a difficult challenge. Textbook methods for increasing the productivity of cash and investments do not always work. But by maximizing the use of all resources available and maintaining strong internal control to manage investments, the rural hospital can produce significant and positive results.

Economics, Hospital↗

Reviewing the basics of investment management.

As financial managers run healthcare institutions like a business, the idea of investing excess or reserved funds as a method of increasing cash flow is becoming more accepted. Often times, though, a review of the basics of investment management is needed. By reviewing various methods such as yield curve analysis, procedures and reporting, and portfolio review, financial managers can be assured of a sound investment policy for their institutions.

Financial Management↗

Return to nursing home investment: issues for public policy.

Because Government policy does much to determine the return available to nursing home investment, the profitability of the nursing home industry has been a subject of controversy since Government agencies began paying a large portion of the Nation's nursing home bill. Controversy appears at several levels. First is the rather narrow concern, often conceived in accounting terms, of the appropriate reimbursement of capital-related expense under Medicaid and Medicare. Second is the concern about how return to capital affects the flow of investment into nursing homes, leading either to inadequate access to care or to over-capacity. Third is the concern about how sources of return to nursing home investment affect the pattern of nursing home ownership and the amount of equity held by owners since the pattern of ownership and amount of equity have been linked to quality of care.

Capital Financing↗

Will the year 2000 affect your organization's investments?

Healthcare financial managers responsible for the investments of their healthcare organizations should identify the extent of their investment programs' exposure to year-2000-related problems. A letter should be sent to investment-related vendors requesting specific information and assurances regarding the vendors' efforts to contain or eliminate the year 2000 problem. An internal timetable also should be established to move the year 2000 compliance program forward in a timely and organized fashion.

Chronology as Topic↗

A satisfaction and return-on-investment study of a nurse triage service.

OBJECTIVE: To assess patient satisfaction and a health plan's return on investment associated with a telephone-based triage service. STUDY DESIGN: A pre-post study design, with medical claims data, to assess changes in medical service utilization and health plan expenditures associated with members' use of the triage service. PATIENTS AND METHODS: This study is based on data on 60,000 members of a health plan. A telephone survey was conducted to assess member satisfaction and outcomes with the triage service. The plan's medical claims and encounter data were used to calculate medical utilization rates and plan expenditures for those services. The health plan's return-on-investment was evaluated using a pre/post study design to assess changes in medical service utilization between the baseline (December 1995 through November 1996) and program (December 1996 through November 1997) periods. RESULTS: The average nurse response time to a call was just less than 50 seconds, which indicates the service provided ready access to medical advice 24 hours per day, 7 days per week. More than 90% of users were satisfied, and utilization of hospital emergency department (ED) and physician office services decreased significantly after the service was implemented. The changes in medical service utilization resulted in reductions in health plan expenditures that exceeded the plan's costs of providing the service. The plan's estimated return for every dollar invested in the nurse triage service was approximately $1.70. CONCLUSIONS: The telephone-based nurse triage service appears to be a cost-effective intervention that improves access to medical advice, thereby encouraging appropriate use of medical services. The service is associated with reductions in utilization of hospital ED and physician office services and with high levels of member satisfaction.

Cost Savings↗

Staying on track with your investment plan.

The key to successful investing is not to try to pick the "hot" stocks but rather to invest for the long run. The best approach is not trying to predict market trends but making financial goals and diversifying your investments to reach them.

Financial Management↗

How to invest in social capital.

Business runs better when people within a company have close ties and trust one another. But the relationships that make organizations work effectively are under assault for several reasons. Building such "social capital" is difficult in volatile times. Disruptive technologies spawn new markets daily, and organizations respond with constantly changing structures. The problem is worsened by the virtuality of many of today's workplaces, with employees working off-site or on their own. What's more, few managers know how to invest in such social capital. The authors describe how managers can help their organizations thrive by making effective investments in social capital. For instance, companies that value social capital demonstrate a commitment to retention as a way of limiting workplace volatility. The authors cite SAS's extensive efforts to signal to employees that it sees them as human beings, not just workers. Managers can build trust by showing trust themselves, as well as by rewarding trust and sending clear signals to employees. They can foster cooperation by giving employees a common sense of purpose through good strategic communication and inspirational leadership. Johnson & Johnson's well-known credo, which says the company's first responsibility is to the people who use its products, has helped the company in time of adversity, as in 1982 when cyanide in Tylenol capsules killed seven people. Other methods of fostering cooperation include rewarding the behavior with cash and establishing rules that get people into the habit of cooperating. Social capital, once a given in organizations, is now rare and endangered. By investing in it, companies will be better positioned to seize the opportunities in today's volatile, virtual business environment.

Commerce↗

Tax-advantaged investing: a wise choice.

Your investment strategy should be just that--a plan to make the most of your assets. Considering the tax advantages and disadvantages help you stretch your investments and take full advantage of stocks, mutual funds, and other investments.

Financial Management↗

IT investments can add business value.

Investment in information technology (IT) is costly, but necessary to enable healthcare organizations to improve their infrastructure and achieve other improvement initiatives. Such an investment is even more costly, however, if the technology does not appropriately enable organizations to perform business processes that help them accomplish their mission of providing safe, high-quality care cost-effectively. Before committing to a costly IT investment, healthcare organizations should implement a decision-making process that can help them choose, implement, and use technology that will provide sustained business value. A seven-step decision-making process that can help healthcare organizations achieve this result involves performing a gap analysis, assessing and aligning organizational goals, establishing distributed accountability, identifying linked organizational-change initiatives, determining measurement methods, establishing appropriate teams to ensure systems are integrated with multidisciplinary improvement methods, and developing a plan to accelerate adoption of the IT product.

Capital Expenditures↗

Migration status and investment in rural productive activities: evidence from Oyo State, Nigeria.

"This paper presents an attempt to investigate the differential contributions of return migrants and non migrants [in Nigeria] to rural economy with respect to their level of investment in rural productive activities. The study is [a] sequel to the controversy generated by the selectivity theory which tends to suggest that return migrants are superior to, and more enterprising than non migrants. The relevant data were collected from 363 returnees and non migrants.... An examination of the differential characteristics of the two groups shows that returnees are slightly superior to their non migrant counterparts. The differential characteristics seem to translate to differences in investment level and the general conclusion is that return migrants are likely to invest more in rural productive activities than non migrants." (SUMMARY IN FRE AND ITA)

Africa↗

Private health care sector investment in Brazil: opportunities and obstacles.

The Brazilian health system is based upon the constitutional right formulated in 1988, according to which health is the peoples' right and duty of the State. So being, it is essentially the government's responsibility, expressed in the so-called Sistema Unico de Saúde--SUS (single health system) Since its creation, however, it admits the existence of a supplementary health system, left to the private sector. In general terms, the public system is considered unsatisfactory in the services it renders. Its resources are distributed heterogeneously, favoring centers of advanced medical practice, to the detriment of basic health care. The supplementary system is considered of better quality, however with great variations and frequent accusations of being essentially profit driven, instead of being driven to the needs of the assisted population. The growing search for health plans is a direct consequence of the image perceived by the population regarding the quality and accessibility of the public services, as well as of the peoples' growing consciousness of their needs, rights and duties as citizens. The need for continuous quality improvement and cost reduction offers numberless opportunities for actions and investments. Initiatives to identify and implement the best medical practices, medical guidelines and actions are essential regarding those illnesses which are most frequent, of higher cost and of greater risk. Health plans and healthcare providers will necessarily have to focus on their common client. Therefore, organizations must be created in order to develop initiatives aimed to the quality of patient care, as well as to the collection and dissemination of data regarding the production and results of the main service providers. Consequently, immense opportunities are being opened for investments in the area of Information Technology, collection, analysis, and data dissemination. This paper analyses the main trends in the Brazilian health sector and from the data and tendencies, draws various conclusions on the opportunities and barriers for private investment.

Brazil↗

Investment management. 8 steps to improve performance.

Today's troubling economic times call for financial managers to take a back-to-basics approach to investment management. Goals and investment practices should be reexamined to determine if they continue to meet the organization's needs. The policy asset allocation and portfolio should reflect the appropriate weight and mix to serve the organization's present and long-term goals. Consultants, investment managers, and custodians should be evaluated carefully to support cost-efficient, effective service.

Capital Financing↗

[The study of compressive strength of phosphate-bonded investment materials].

OBJECTIVE: The purpose of this study was to compare the compressive strength of phosphate-bonded investments. METHODS: The three sorts of investments were mixed according to manufacturer's recommendation before poured in the molds. After heated up to 900 degrees C, every sample was mounted on a universal experimental machine to test its compressive strength in ambient. RESULTS: Significant differences were found between the four groups(P < 0.01). CONCLUSION: From the data above it is concluded that the compressive strength of X-20 Chrome Investment mixed with the special liquid was the highest.

Compressive Strength↗