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Results for “IODINE, RADIOACTIVE”

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At least 289 records · Page 16Linked to original sources

PubMed2006

Metastatic struma ovarii: late presentation, unusual features and multiple radioactive iodine treatments.

Metastatic malignant struma ovarii is rare and there is a lack of agreement on the criteria of diagnosis and the lines of management. Here we describe a patient with struma ovarii that was initially diagnosed as benign and presented 10 years later with distant metastases. At this time, a pathological review of the initial lesion found that it contained invasive well-differentiated follicular carcinoma. The case was associated with a number of unusual features and challenging management issues, such as a delayed diagnosis of recurrence, functioning metastases with treatment consequences, tumour lysis-induced thyrotoxicosis and cerebrospinal fluid rhinorrhea. The diagnosis and management of struma ovarii should be led by an expert multidisciplinary team. Radioactive iodine should be considered in the management of metastatic disease.

Adult↗

PubMedDate not supplied

[The morbidity indices of subjects with incorporated radioactive iodine].

With the purpose of detecting long-term somatic effects of incorporated iodine, an analysis was performed of health disorders in those subjects (n = 1040) who received 131 I in therapeutic dosages 25 to 30 years ago. Discordances in pituitary-thyroid- and pituitary-adrenal axes were found to result in excessive metabolic-degenerative and vegetovascular type morbidity rates compared with the general population. Mortality index exceeds that of in the population 2.1-fold. No one of the deceased had reached the average length of human life. Halt the cases died of ischemic heart disease, 6 patients developed carcinoma of endocrine organs; these were all females, who had taken radioactive iodine prior to the age of 30 years. Thus, in remote time periods after incorporation, there develop a number of those disorders leading ultimately to reduction of the length of human life, which is believed to be one of the universal effects of irradiation.

Adult↗

PubMed1986

[Disorders of immunologic homeostasis as affected by radioactive iodine preparations].

(CBA X C57B1/6)F1 mice were injected with 125I and 131I-sodium iodide at a dose of 5.74 X 10(4) Bq/g. For a long time after such treatment the animals manifested an increased level of spleen cells humoral immune response to a foreign antigen (sheep erythrocytes), the autoreactivity of spleen and lymph node lymphocytes to autologous erythrocytes was also elevated. At the same time the selective migration of 51Cr-labeled spleen lymphocytes to the peripheral lymphoid organs was suppressed. The use of a model system of adoptive cell transfer revealed an increase in the functional activity of cells suppressing a humoral response in mice treated with radiopharmaceuticals. The most pronounced disturbances of immunological reactivity in mice took place 6 mos. after the beginning of the experiment. The results obtained indicated that mechanisms of immune response regulation played a certain role in disturbances of immunological homeostasis induced by radioactive iodine agents.

Animals↗

PubMed2003

Experience in the use of radioactive iodine therapy for hyperthyroidism in Nigerian patients. A study of twenty-two patients.

This is a descriptive and follow-up study of the efficacy of radioiodine (131I) in the treatment of hyperthyroidism in Nigerian patients, and is aimed at creating awareness about the therapy amongst medical practitioners in the West African sub-region. Twenty-two patients (13 female, 9 males) were seen with clinical and biochemical features of thyrotoxicosis, and were treated with 131I between 1991 and 1999. The age range was 31 to 60 years, with a mean age of 44.2 +/- 1.8 years. The indications for 131I therapy were diverse and included its use as a first-line treatment for Graves' disease, thyrotoxic heart disease, recurrent thyrotoxicosis and failed antithyroid drug therapy. An incremental fixed-dose regimen was used in successive years, for different batches of patients. The duration of follow-up ranged from two months to nine years with a mean duration of 3.6 +/- 0.5 years. Three patients achieved euthyroidism, two patients needed a re-treatment with 131I because of persistent Hyperthyroidism. Nine patients developed hypothyroidism between two to 30 months of receiving 131I therapy. While seven other patients defaulted soon after the treatment and one patient who also had type 1 diabetes mellitus suffered a sudden death after two months. In conclusion, our experience revealed similar outcomes as have been reported by other workers. Radioactive iodine was found to be a safe and an effective treatment for hyperthyroidism in Nigerian patients, but a high rate of default precludes adequate long-term follow-up.

Adult↗

PubMed1994

Recurrent thyroid cancer. Role of surgery versus radioactive iodine (I131)

OBJECTIVE: This retrospective study compared treatment and survival of patients with recurrent well-differentiated thyroid cancer that was diagnosed exclusively by I131 scanning, or by clinical examination. SUMMARY BACKGROUND DATA: Despite the usual excellent prognosis of differentiated thyroid cancer, approximately half of patients who developed a recurrence eventually succumb to the disease. It has been speculated, but not proven, that recurrent disease detected solely by I131 scanning may offer a better prognosis than recurrences detected clinically and be amendable to I131 ablative therapy without the addition of surgical resection. METHODS: Seventy-four cases of recurrent differentiated thyroid cancer were identified retrospectively and examined regarding the location of recurrence, mode of detection of recurrent disease, treatment of recurrence, and outcome of patients. Using Fischer exact testing, outcome results for recurrences detected exclusively by I131 scan was compared to that of clinically diagnosed recurrences; among clinically detected recurrent cases, treatment with surgery only was compared to surgery/I131 ablation. Kaplan-Meier actuarial survival curves were generated for clinically detected recurrent cancer treated by surgery only and compared to those treated by surgery and I131 ablation using Gehan-Wilcoxon and log-rank analysis. RESULTS: Recurrences located most commonly were regional (53%), followed by local (28%), distant metastasis (13%), and combined locoregional (6%). Among patients whose recurrence was detected scintigraphically, only 9.5% had persistence of disease or were dead of disease compared to 54.0% of patients with clinically detected recurrences. Radioactive iodine ablation in scintigraphically detected recurrences salvaged 18 of 20 patients (90%). Among clinically detected recurrences, surgery alone salvaged 12 of 21 patients (57%), whereas the addition of I131 ablation to surgery salvaged only 3 of 15 patients (20% p = 0.05). CONCLUSION: The probability of dying or living with persistent disease after treatment of recurrent thyroid cancer is less for I131 detected recurrences compared to clinically diagnosed recurrences; I131 ablation without surgery constitutes adequate therapy for scintigraphically detected recurrences. In clinically recurrent disease, the addition of I131 ablation to curative resection does not appear to improve survival.

Actuarial Analysis↗

PubMed1998

Immunohistochemical study of fibronectin and thyroglobulin in the thyroid gland of female rats after exposure to radioactive iodine.

The aim of this work was to study the effect of a dose of 150 microCi 131I on the barrier properties of the thyroid epithelium in pregnant female rats. Thirty-five female Wistar rats were divided into a control and four experimental groups (each distinguished by the time of 131I injection: group I--no less then 12 days before mating; groups II, III, and IV--on 5th, 10th, and 16th days of gestation, respectively). The thyroid glands were fixed in Bouin's fluid, embedded in paraffin, and stained immunohistochemically for thyroglobulin and fibronectin. In group IV the appearance of follicles with fibronectin-positive colloid demonstrates the penetration of blood plasma into the follicular lumen. There are more fibronectin positive follicles in group III. Regardless of the nature of the follicles' contents, numerous thyrocytes with an intensive fibronectin positive reaction begin to appear in the follicles. In group II the number of fibronectin positive follicles and thyrocytes is clearly reduced, and in group I only a few remain. In group IV there is a noticeable reduction in the quantity of colloid inside the follicles and often an absence of any thyroglobulin positive reaction. There are thyrocytes in which thyroglobulin positive granules localized in the basal zone. There is thyroglobulin positive staining in the stroma and blood vessels. In group II thyroglobulin is no longer found in the stroma. Small doses of 131I provoke a serious breakdown in the thyroid epithelium's barrier properties, although these changes are of a transient nature. The central zone of the thyroid gland reacts more actively and dynamically to exposure to radioactive iodine than the peripheral zone.

Animals↗

PubMed1955