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At least 289 records · Page 16Linked to original sources
PubMed1986

Intimacy maturity and its correlates in young married couples.

Intimate relationships, like the individuals who participate in them, are conceived of as following developmental processes. Five dimensions of intimacy--that is, relationship orientation, caring-concern, commitment, sexuality, and communication--are identified, and an approach to assessing relationship maturity on each of these dimensions is described. In a study of 31 young married couples, scores on each dimension of intimacy maturity were analyzed in relation to gender, gender role (as assessed through an adaptation of the Bem Sex Role Inventory; Bem, 1974), and marital adjustment. There were no significant differences between husbands and wives on any of the intimacy or marital adjustment scales and only a marginal difference on one gender role scale (agency). Patterns of correlations among intimacy, marital adjustment, and gender role scores varied by gender. Not only do there appear to be two marriages (his and hers) in every marriage, but the correlates of these marriages also vary.

Adaptation, Psychological↗
PubMed1988

Chronic stress and coping styles: a comparison of male and female undergraduates.

Male and female coping behaviors were compared in order to test the theory that men use instrumental coping strategies more frequently than women, who are thought to use emotion-focused coping solutions. We interviewed 51 female and 39 male first-year undergraduates by telephone three times a week for 8 weeks, using an inventory developed for 28 chronic stressors. Analyses of variance were used to test gender differences in frequency of daily stressors, concomitant perceptions of stress, and utilization of problem-solving behaviors. The majority of analyses showed no gender differences. The implications of these findings are discussed in light of cultural expectations.

Adaptation, Psychological↗
PubMed1982

Psychological androgyny and sexual adequacy.

This study investigated the hypothesis that individuals with androgynous personalities would be more competent sexually than individuals with sex-typed personalities. Scores on the Bem Sex-Role Inventory were compared for a patient group and a control group. The data revealed a higher percentage of androgynous subjects in the control group than in the patient group. Even when only one spouse was androgynous, the chances of sexual competence within the couple increased. In addition, there was more sex typing among the longer married patient couples and more stereotyped femininity in both men and women in the patient group. The results were taken to support the view that the androgynous person's flexibility and adaptability is conducive to a satisfactory sexual relationship. Some cultural differences between Israeli and American samples were noted. Findings contradicted the cultural stereotypes of the macho Israeli male and the nonfeminine Israeli woman.

Adaptation, Psychological↗
PubMed1985

Correlates of psychosomatic stress symptoms among farm women: a research note on farm and family functioning.

The relationship between self-reported psychosomatic stress symptoms and dimensions of family and farm functioning were examined in a sample of New York State dairy farm wives (N = 126). The farm women completed a questionnaire assessing home and farm task loads, farm complexity, intrapersonal role conflict, interpersonal role conflict, husband support, and marital satisfaction. The psychosomatic stress symptoms included nervousness, restlessness, insomnia, shortness-of-breath, and fainting. In general, stress symptoms showed little relationship to task loads, farm complexity, and intrapersonal role conflict. Much stronger relationships were found for interpersonal role conflict, husband support, and marital satisfaction. Thus, these findings point to the greater importance of family relationships in preventing or buffering stress in comparison with simple role-related task expectations of farm systems.

Adaptation, Psychological↗
PubMed1975

Support groups for women in medical school: a first-year program.

This report presents a workable model for a support system for first-year women medical students at the University of North Carolina School of Medicine. The students met in small groups at weekly intervals with women faculty members from the Department of Psychiatry throughout the academic year. Role conflicts which confront these young women professionals entering a "masculine" field as a minority group are described. There is an elaboration of those factors, both personal and institutional, which serve either to promote or deter conflict resolution and the acquisition of a satisfactory professional and female identity. A discussion of group formation and processes and a year-end evaluation are included. Both students and faculty assessed the program as having provided a needed and constructive setting in which to explore the problems and identities of women professionals and to develop close supportive relationships with women colleagues.

Adaptation, Psychological↗
PubMed1984

Transsexualism and physical deformity.

This is the first published case study of a transsexual male with a rare orthopedic condition whose transsexualism was directly related to his severe orthopedic disability. In 1976, the patient, a 28-year-old single Caucasian male with a college education, was diagnosed as having progressive pseudorheumatoid arthrotropy of children (a very rare orthopedic disorder which also affected his sister). At this writing, he is 4 feet 9 inches tall and has multiple skeletal deformities, including twisted and gnarled joints; he wears braces on both legs, has had total hip replacements, is barrel chested, and has had many surgical procedures over his lifetime. The patient's presenting problems, his medical and social-psychological history, psychological testing results, and summaries of his 7-year supportive-expressive psychotherapy are presented. The patient endured a painful childhood in which children stared at him and ridiculed him for being a "funny little man." His sister, who had the same condition, was spared this teasing and humiliation. He came to believe that as a girl/woman he would be more socially acceptable (like his sister). Since age 11 he has cross-dressed and entertained hopes of becoming female. Psychological testing suggested that he viewed sexual transformation as leading away from a life of deformity and pain to an imagined state of perfection in which his primary narcissistic injury would be repaired. It is suggested that the patient's "transsexualism" evolved slowly as an adaptation to his profound physical deformity and his perceived status as a crippled and handicapped male.(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS)

Abnormalities, Multiple↗
PubMed1990

To be one of the boys: aftershocks of the World War I nursing experience.

The mass deployment of nurses during World War I removed them from their structured professional culture and thrust them into the unfamiliar world of men at war. Analysis of personal accounts indicates that for some nurses, this event increased awareness of conflicts between autonomous professional practice and the "good woman" image. It led them to examine the disparity between healing and participation in war and to experience sex-based inequality in the face of equal danger. The emerging dialectic provoked personal and professional change. The value of confrontation with differentness as an impetus to growth is examined.

Female↗
PubMed1989

Women's group therapy: a clinical experience.

Women compose three-fourths of the psychiatric patient population in one clinical facility. A women's therapy group was formed to help the women change their attitudes and behaviors of helplessness and dependency. The goals of the group were for participants to get in touch with and express their feelings, and to become more assertive and autonomous. Group themes centered around depression, denial, resistance, and autonomy. The therapy group provided an opportunity for the women to learn more about themselves, their culture, and the value of giving and receiving support to and from each other.

Dependency, Psychological↗