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At least 289 records · Page 16Linked to original sources
PubMed1976

[Development of the cellular immunity reaction to tuberculin in mice of different genotypes].

Mice of the CBA, C57BL lines and the F1 (CBA X C57BL) hybrids were immunized intraperitoneally with tuberculin in complete Freund's adjuvant; production of the factor inhibiting the macrophage migration (MIF) by lymphocytes of different localization was studied. The lymphocytes are included into the MIF production in a definite order: first the cells of the peritoneal exudate, then-the cells of lymphatic nodes and last-the spleen cells. The C57BL mice demonstrated the maximal and earlier MIF production by the lymphocytes of the peritoneal exudate. Increasing spontaneous microphage migration, more expressed in the CBA mice, was noted after the immunization.

Animals↗
PubMedDate not supplied

[The modulation of cellular immunity in vivo and in vitro under the action of purified staphylococcal anatoxin].

Purified staphylococcal toxoid modulates (mainly suppresses) cell-mediated immune response to heterogeneous antigens of animal origin (to sheep red blood cells as shown by the delayed hypersensitivity reaction) or bacterial origin (to BCG as shown by the splenocyte migration test). The direction and manifestation of modulation depend on the strain of mice, dose of the toxoid, dose and nature of the test antigen and the immunization schedule (intervals between the injections of the antigen).

Animals↗
PubMedDate not supplied

[Cellular immunity and vaccination against cutaneous leishmaniasis. Recent progress and prospects].

Review of leishmaniasis immunopathogenesis, the models in the laboratory animals, and the last advances in the experimental vaccine administration. In recent years, there have been important progresses that have contributed substantially to classify the role of the interleukins and other chemical mediators in the immunologic response. All these advances open the door to the production of better and more immunogenic vaccines, that in a near future will be employed advantageous in the human beings.

Amino Acid Sequence↗
PubMed1993

Histoplasma capsulatum and V beta a mice: cellular immune responses and susceptibility patterns.

Certain strains of mice, designated V beta a, have a deletion of the gene segments encoding the beta chain of the T-cell receptor variable region. These mice do not express 40 to 50% of the T-cell receptor V beta chains. In this study, we examined the influence of this deletion on susceptibility to Histoplasma capsulatum. In addition, H. capsulatum-injected V beta a mice were tested for their capacity to generate T-cell dependent responses to H. capsulatum antigens. Susceptibility profiles of V beta a mice, SWR/J (H-2q), SJL/J (H-2s) and C57L-(H-2b), were compared to V beta b strains, C57BL/6 (H-2b) and DBA/l (H-2q), following intravenous (IV) injection of sublethal and lethal inocula of H. capsulatum yeast cells. One week after injection of 6 x 10(5) yeast cells, the spleens of SWR/J, SJL/J and C57L mice contained 5- to 7-fold fewer colony forming units (CFU) than spleens of C57BL/6 mice. Approximately 50% fewer CFU of H. capsulatum were recovered from the spleens of DBA/l mice compared to those from C57BL/6 animals. Subsequently, groups of mice were challenged IV with either 1.5 x 10(7) or 7.5 x 10(6) yeast cells and observed for 30 days. Survival of SWR/J,SJL/J, C57L and DBA/l mice was significantly prolonged compared to C57BL/6 mice. V beta a and DBA/l mice injected with viable H. capsulatum yeast cells mounted a delayed-type hypersensitivity response to an extract from the cell wall and cell membrane of yeast cells and to HIS-62, a purified antigen derived therefrom.(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS)

Animals↗
PubMed1976

[Cellular immunity against bacteria (intracellular and extracellular parasites) in experimentally aged rats (author's transl)].

The authors study the activity of RES in rats with Progeria-like syndrome of Selye, at the occasion of a repeated infection with bacteria--intracellular parasites (Brucella abortus 19) and bacteria--extracellular parasites (Diplococcus pneumoniae). They establish that immunization improves the activity of RES of the experimentally aged rats; still, its phagocytic and digestive functions remain by far feebler than those of the rats unsubjected to experimental ageing. By the aged animals the RES insufficiency is more pronounced towards the intracellular bacterium Brucella abortus 19, than towards the extracellular Diplococcus pneumoniae.

Aging↗
PubMed1998

[Human cellular immunity and space flights].

Results of studying cellular immunity of crew members of long-term space missions, data of an experiment with extended head-down tilting of human subjects (HDT), and data obtained in the course of adapting immunologic test methods for the use in microgravity are summarized. Disorders in immunologic reactivity were shown to occur under the conditions of space flight. They included decreases in both quantitative and functional indices of cellular immunity, and emergence of signs of sensibilization to different allergens. The modified tests were evaluated by efficacy of determination of the proliferative activity of lymphocytes in minimal volumes of capillary blood inside one-piece syringes with a medium containing PHA and the Cytodex-1 suspension, evaluation of natural cytotoxicity on the level of an effector cell (number of peripheral blood lymphocytes capable of producing conjugates with fixed target cells). Sensibilization to allergens of normal human microflora was tested in analogs of routine hematocrit capillaries used for examination of healthy donors under ordinary rest-work regimen. No significant differences between the standard and modified tests were revealed. The proposed test modifications are quite simple in use and require minimum of equipment.

Adult↗
PubMed1993

[Humoral and cellular immune responses to retinal S-antigen in uveitis patients].

Humoral and cellular immune responses to purified S-Ag were determined in 73 patients with anterior-, intermediate- and pan-uveitis and in 55 healthy subjects by ELISA and leucocyte migration inhibition test. The positive rates of humoral immune response to S-Ag in patients and controls were comparable; however, the positive rate of cellular immune response to S-Ag in the patients (54.6%) was significantly higher than that in the controls (3.3%), and that in pan-uveitis patients (69.4%) was significantly higher than in patients with anterior uveitis (15.4%), highly suggesting that the cellular immune response to S-Ag was involved in the onset of uveitis, especially when the choroid and retina were affected. The breakdown of anterior chamber associated immune deviation and abnormal expression of intraocular MHC-II antigens may contribute to the development of cellular immune response. More studies are needed.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1978

Prolonged impairment of cellular immunity in children with intrauterine growth retardation.

Cellular immunity was studied in 17 newborn infants, in eight children aged 1 to 5 years with intrauterine growth retardation, and in age-matched control subjects. At birth T and B peripheral blood lymphocytes were decreased, and delayed cutaneous hypersensitivity to phytohemagglutinin was diminished. In vitro PHA-induced lymphocyte proliferation was similar to that in control subjects but was greater than in healthy adults. In later childhood the numbers of T lymphocytes were normal, but their proliferative capacity was significantly reduced and cutaneous hypersensitivity was minimal or absent. Prolonged impairment of cellular immunity in these children may explain their increased susceptibility to infection and inadequate response to immunization, and predispose to the development of allergic, autoimmune, and neoplastic disease.

Aging↗
PubMed1975

Cellular immunity to intrinsic factor in pernicious anemia.

Cellular immunity to hog intrinsic factor was detected by a modified agarose-leukocyte migration test in 18 patients with pernicious amemia. Lymphocytes from 17 out of 18 patients with pernicious anemia gave positive responses to a concentrate of hog intrinsic factor; the intrinsic factor present in 1 mg. of this concentrate bound 128 ng. of vatamin B12. Six patients with atrophic gastritis, 7 with regional enteritis, and 9 out of 10 healthy adults did not respond to this preparation. No correlation existed between the presence of serum autoantibodies to intrinsic factor and in vitro lymphocyte responsiveness to intrinsic factor. The results demonstrate that cellular immunity to intrinsic factor concentrates is present in the majority of patients with pernicious anemia.

Adult↗
PubMed1979

Abnormal cellular immune responses during acquired zinc deficiency.

The cellular immune response of a 17-year-old decerebrate male with acquired zinc deficiency was studied. He had been fed a commercial formula which contained 7.6 mg zinc per kilogram. His caloric intake had been inadequate as judged by his cachexia. A detailed pretreatment nutritional assessment (five separate observations) which included total serum protein and globulins, albumin, folate, vitamins A, B2, C, ceruloplasmin, and plasma zinc, copper, iron, and total iron binding capacity revealed that the patient was deficient only in zinc and calories. His plasma zinc was 41 +/- 5 microgram/d1 compared with our laboratory norm of 89 +/- 9 microgram/d1 for young adult males. Cellular immunity was assessed by delayed skin reactivity to dinitrochlorobenzene and by in vitro lymphocyte transformation studies. Before zinc therapy the patient rendered a negative skin reaction to dinitrochlorobenzene, and the ability of his lymphocytes to undergo blast transformation in response to mitogen stimulation was significantly depressed with a stimulation index of 4.7 +/- 0.8 as compared with 139.1 +/- 77.3 for controls. Within 3 weeks after zinc therapy (22.7 mg zinc per day) he demonstrated a positive delayed skin reaction to dinitrochlorobenzene and a normal lymphocyte response stimulation index = 205.5 +/- 42.6 versus 199.3 +/- 58.2 for control). In addition, a pretreatment facial seborrhea and a decubitus ulcer rapidly healed.

Adolescent↗