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PubMed1996

Immunity and vaccine development in Pasteurella multocida infections.

The role of LPS in immunity was studied using monoclonal antibodies (MAbs) and active immunisation experiments. A panel of six MAbs produced against Pasteurella multocida serotype B:2 reacted with the LPS of serotypes B:2 and B:5, but not with other serotypes. The MAbs could opsonise P. multocida for phagocytosis by mouse macrophages, but were not bactericidal in the presence of complement. They conferred only partial passive protection in mice. Similar results showing only partial protection were obtained when purified LPS was used to actively immunise mice prior to challenge, suggesting that LPS plays a partial role in immunity to infection. The aroA gene from P. multocida serotypes A:1 and A:3 was cloned and inactivated by insertion of a kanamycin resistance gene. The mutated gene was re-introduced onto the chromosome by allelic exchange. The resultant aroA mutants were highly attenuated in a mouse model system, with a 6-log decrease in ID50. Virulence could be restored by complementation with a functional aroA gene. Mice immunised with two doses of the live mutants were protected against lethal challenge with the homologous parental strain, but not against the heterologous strain. P. multocida A:1 and A:3 expressed unique proteins when grown in iron-restricted medium. Moreover, the outer membrane (OM) fractions of these cells contained novel proteins of 75 kDa, 85 kDa and 94 kDa molecular mass. Mice were immunised with OM fractions prepared from serotype A:3 grown in iron-restricted (OM Fe-) or iron-replete (OM Fe+) media. When low challenge doses were used, both immunogens protected mice against serotype A:3, but only the OM Fe- fraction protected mice against heterologous challenge with serotype A:1. When higher challenge doses were used, only partial protection was observed.

3-Phosphoshikimate 1-Carboxyvinyltransferase↗
PubMed1988

Influence of the route of infection of Pasteurella anatipestifer on the clinical and immune responses of white Pekin ducks.

The clinical, pathological and immunological responses were compared in ducklings infected by the intramuscular, oral and intranasal routes with virulent Pasteurella anatipestifer. Intramuscular challenge resulted in clinical signs of infection and caused 100 per cent mortality within three days. No disease signs or death were observed in the orally challenged ducks. Whereas intranasal inoculation caused no deaths, signs of infection were observed in two of 12 birds four days later. In the orally challenged group, low concentrations of antibodies (0.17 log2 to 4.5 log2) were detected in the tracheal washes of five of nine birds examined using an enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay. Humoral antibodies were detected in only one of these birds. In the intranasally infected group, serum antibody levels ranging in titre from 0.62 log2 to 6.2 log2 were found in four of nine birds examined over seven to 14 days following infection. Nine of the birds in this group were shown to have low concentrations of antibodies (0.50 log2 to 6.33 log2) in the tracheal washings. The demonstration of antibodies in the tracheal washings, but not in the serum of nine birds examined, suggested that a local immune response had occurred. However, these studies have shown that antibodies present on the tracheal surface can also be derived from antibodies given intraperitoneally.

Animals↗
PubMed1975

[Changes in carbohydrate metabolism in hens experimentally infected with Pasteurella multocida kokoshki].

Studied were the concentration of blood sugar, the activity of glucose-6-phosphatase and glucose-6-phosphatedehydrogenase, and the level of glycogen in the liver of P. multocida infected chickens. An abrupt decrease of the liver glycogen was found as well as a negligible rise of the blood sugar. The activity of glucose-6-phosphatase remained unchanged, and that of glucose-6-dehydrogenase was twice as high. It is concluded that the intense exhaustion of liver glycogen is in connection with the activation of the pentosephosphate pathway.

Animals↗
PubMed1990

Pasteurella multocida infections in rockhopper penguins (Eudyptes chrysocome) from Campbell Island, New Zealand.

During an investigation into the population decline of rockhopper penguins (Eudyptes chrysocome) on Campbell Island, New Zealand, avian cholera (Pasteurella multocida) was found in dead adults and chicks. An RNA enveloped virus was isolated from Ixodes uriae, a tick which commonly parasitizes rockhopper penguins on the island. It is not known whether this virus is virulent for penguins. No evidence was obtained to suggest that avian cholera was the principal cause for the decline in the rockhopper penguin population.

Animals↗