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At least 289 records · Page 16Linked to original sources
PubMed1989

Buspirone therapy for maladaptive behavior and anxiety in developmentally disabled persons.

The authors used buspirone, a new anxiolytic agent that has a low side effect profile, to treat 14 developmentally disabled individuals who demonstrated anxiety as well as aggressive and self-injurious behaviors. Nine of the 14 individuals responded favorably to the drug. The authors present case reports for 3 of the responders and discuss the clinical implications of buspirone therapy.

Adjustment Disorders↗
PubMed1990

A comparison of past and future leisure activity participation between spinal cord injured and non-disabled persons.

Leisure activity profiles of 81 male and 21 female SCI subjects were compared with profiles of 135 male and 151 female non-disabled individuals. These profiles, derived from the Leisure Activities Blank (McKechnie, 1985), revealed that SCI subjects had been more physically active (prior to injury) than those in a non-disabled comparison group; however, their post-injury expectations for future leisure activity involvement were considerably lower than a similar study of non-disabled individuals. These reduced expectations were found for both active and sedentary activity categories. It is suggested that awareness of pre-morbid leisure activity profiles, plus recognition that post-injury expectations for leisure activity participation are often reduced, could assist medical personnel to prescribe treatment or offer programmes that enable SCI patients to maintain their pre-morbid lifestyles and enhance future leisure activity expectations.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1993

Ambulant disabled persons using buses: experiments with entrances and seats.

This paper describes research work carried out in Sweden to adapt buses to the requirements of ambulant disabled people. It contains an experimental study where subjects tried different entrances and seats. For the experiments a bus was rebuilt and equipped with new entrance and seating arrangements. Three categories of subjects participated: seriously ambulant disabled, representing people having severe ambulatory difficulties in their daily life; less seriously ambulant disabled, representing people that normally travel with the special transportation service; and slightly ambulant disabled, representing ordinary elderly people. The evaluation was based on observations, photographs, interviews and in some cases timing with a stopwatch. The results show that low similar steps and well-designed handrails in the bus entrance made boarding and alighting easier. The seat trials showed the importance of having suitable grab rails to allow people to pull or heave themselves up. Design requirements are presented in the paper. The Swedish Board of Transport have used the results when working out regulations to adapt public transport vehicles for use by disabled people.

Journal Article↗
PubMed1991

Situational and dispositional components of reactions toward persons with disabilities.

The situational and dispositional components of reactions toward disabled persons were investigated in a hypothetical format. Initially, a sample of American college students (n = 194) indicated the level of anticipated emotional arousal to 70 brief descriptions of situations in which contact with disabled people might occur on a college campus. Mean ratings were used to select nine situation descriptors representing a range of anticipated arousal levels. Subsequently, a separate sample of students (n = 164) completed the Attitudes Toward Disabled Persons Scale (Yuker, Block, & Younng, 1966) and were presented with one of the nine situation descriptors. Participants imagined themselves in the situation described (with a person with an immediately obvious disability) and indicated how they would feel and respond by completing various measures. Results indicated that emotional arousal and other reactions were attributable to main effects for both situational and attitudinal factors, whereas the statistical interactions between the two were not significant.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1992

Federal financial participation in state assistance expenditures; federal matching shares for Aid to Families with Dependent Children, foster care and adoption assistance, job opportunities and basic skills training, Medicaid, and aid to needy aged, blind, or disabled persons for October 1, 1993, through September 30, 1994--HHS. Notice.

The Federal percentages and Federal medical assistance percentages for Fiscal Year 1994 have been calculated pursuant to the Social Security Act. These percentages will be effective from October 1, 1993, through September 30, 1994. This notice announces the calculated "Federal percentages" and "Federal medical assistance percentages" that we will use in determining the amount of Federal matching in State welfare and medical expenditures for programs under titles I, IV-A, IV-E, IV-F, X, XIV, XVI (Aid to the Aged, Blind, or Disabled), and XIX. The table gives figures for each of the 50 States, the District of Columbia, Puerto Rico, the Virgin Islands, Guam, American Samoa, and the Northern Mariana Islands. The percentages in this notice apply to State expenditures for assistance payments, IV-A child care, JOBS services, and medical services (except family planning and certain JOBS expenditures which are subject to a higher matching rate). The statute provides separately for Federal matching of administrative costs. Sections 1101(a)(8) and 1905(b) of the Act requires the Secretary of Health and Human Services to publish these percentages each year. The Secretary is to figure the percentages, by formulas described in sections 1101(a)(8) and 1905(b) of the Act, using the Department of Commerce's statistics of average income per person in each State and in the Nation as a whole. The percentages are within upper and lower limits given in those two sections of the Act. The statute specifies the percentages to be applied to Puerto Rico, the Virgin Islands, Guam, American Samoa, and the Northern Mariana Islands.(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS)

Aid to Families with Dependent Children↗
PubMed1986

Differential diagnosis of epileptic versus pseudoepileptic seizures in developmentally disabled persons.

One-hundred and twenty-four mentally retarded persons with behaviors suggestive of epilepsy were monitored with an 8-channel radiotelemetered electroencephalograph-video recording system (TEEG-VR). Target behaviors were identified by the clinical description of the primary care providers before the TEEG-VR sessions. Whenever possible, the known antecedents of those behaviors were replicated. The target behaviors were considered epileptic when they were observed simultaneously with epileptiform EEG patterns, and pseudoepileptic when nonepileptiform patterns were observed. Twenty persons were classified as epileptic, 50 as pseudoepileptic, 11 as both epileptic and pseudoepileptic, and 43 as inconclusive. Among the pseudoepileptics there were 15 with abnormal EEGs and 4 with epileptiform EEGs. The most frequent topographies of behavior were not significantly related to diagnosis. These included myoclonus, eye blink, head drop, cessation of ongoing activity, and hand and arm automatisms. The diagnosis of epilepsy in mentally retarded persons, on the basis of clinical description, interictal EEG, and medical history, may be inaccurate. TEEG-VR is extremely useful for obtaining a definitive diagnosis of each target behavior.

Adolescent↗
PubMed2002

Workforce participation by persons with disabilities: the National Health Interview Survey Disability Supplement, 1994 to 1995.

Using the National Health Interview Survey Disability Supplement of 1994 to 1995, we examined the factors associated with employment among Americans with disabilities. Persons with disabilities who were more educated were more likely to be working. Married men were more likely to work than unmarried men (odds ratio [OR], 1.58). Blacks were less likely to work than whites (OR, 0.56). Persons with disabilities related to cardiovascular disease (OR, 0.23), musculoskeletal disease (OR, 0.37), and respiratory disease (OR, 0.23) were less likely to work than other Americans with disabilities. Among persons with psychiatric disorders, there was considerable variety in the propensity to work. Persons with schizophrenia (OR, 0.24) and paranoid delusional disorder (OR, 0.34) were markedly less likely to work; persons with bipolar disorder (OR, 0.60) and major depression (OR, 0.69) were also less likely to work. Lastly, persons with self-reported alcohol abuse (OR, 1.30) were more likely to work, and persons with self-reported drug abuse (OR, 0.93) were not less likely to work, than others in our study population of Americans with disabilities.

Adolescent↗