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Explore indexed PubMed citations for clinical trials, systematic reviews and public health research. Read source abstracts and follow each citation to its original PubMed record.

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PubMed2001

Quantity and rigor of qualitative research in four pastoral counseling journals.

Examines the quantity (N = 26) and rigor of qualitative research in The Journal of Pastoral Care, Pastoral Sciences, Journal of Religion and Health, and Pastoral Psychology for 1993-1997. Defines qualitative research using the work of Douglas Sprenkle and Sidney Moon. Uses the eleven criteria developed by Nicholas Mays and Catherine Pope in British Medical Journal for judging rigor. Finds low quantity and mixed quality and discusses implications.

Bibliometrics↗
PubMed1984

The influence of early malnutrition on subsequent behavioral development III. Learning disabilities as a sequel to malnutrition.

The academic performance of 129 Barbadian children (77 boys and 52 girls), who were 5-11-yr-old and suffered moderate to severe protein-energy malnutrition in the first year of life, was compared with the performance of matched comparisons, children who had no history of malnutrition. Children with a history of malnutrition were found to have lower performance on eight out of nine academic subject areas, namely, language arts, mathematics, general science, social science, reading, health, religion, and arts/crafts. Socioeconomic factors in the backgrounds of the children were also examined. A model is presented clarifying the interrelationships of malnutrition, socioeconomic status and school performance. Reduced school performance in the previously malnourished children can be largely accounted for by deficits in classroom behavior, and, to a lesser extent by a reduction in I.Q. Current socioeconomic status is not directly involved in altering academic performance whereas the early history of malnutrition and its accompanying conditions at the time of the illness are leading contributors to altered behavioral outcome and school performance.

Analysis of Variance↗
PubMed2002

Reconstructing the stem cell debate.

Human embryonic stem cells have been a major topic in science, medicine, and religion since their discovery in 1998. However, due to the complex discourse and rhetoric of scientific language, debate has remained within the professional realm via "expert bioethics." Using the tenets of pragmatism, the author examines the need to move the debate to society as a whole and disentangle the stem cell debate from the ideologies of the human cloning and abortion debates. Opening this issue to a societal debate will advance societal growth, resulting in informed decisions on moral issues, funding, or regulation associated with hES cell research.

Advisory Committees↗
PubMed1989

[A reminder of the legacy of Sigmund Freud].

In September 1989 fifty years elapsed since the death of Sigmund Freud, the founder of psychoanalysis. The authors recall selected topical ideas from the work of Freud. At the same time they draw attention to the importance of his studies for the left-wing student movement in Czechoslovakia between the two world wars. Initial attempts of a close association of psychology with the nervous substrate did not succeed but led later to the original explanation of converse mechanisms. In his own way Freud anticipated contemporary bio-psycho-social concepts. Gradually subconsciousness was conceived as Freud's most important discovery. Energy for mental life was sought in the sphere of instincts, in particular the sexual instinct, Freud extrapolated his reflections into the social sphere and elaborated his understanding of group psychology, using mechanisms of the individual psychic make-up. From this he derived regulatory mechanisms of civilization. Freud believed in reason represented to him by science. He considered religion illusionary happiness and warned also against the so-called chemical path. He denounced war unequivocally and had his own ideas how to reduce its probability.

Austria↗
PubMed1993

Behavioral changes associated with epilepsy.

Epilepsy can be accompanied by changes in cognition, personality, affect, and other elements of behavior. There is no single epileptic constitution or personality complex. A unifying theme to the behavior in epilepsy is diversity. As one looks at the behavioral traits reported in epilepsy, a specific and consistent pattern is lacking. Rather, extremes of behavior are accentuated: sometimes in one direction, often in both directions. Changes in emotional state are prominent among behavioral features in epilepsy. Some authors describe a prominent deepening or increase in emotionality, whereas others identify a global decrease in emotional life and content. Emotional lability is also reported. Sexuality and libido are typically decreased, but fetishism, transvestism, exhibitionism, and hypersexual episodes also occur. Concerns over morality may be lacking or exaggerated. Patients may be irritable and aggressive or timid and apathetic. The impressive list of people with epilepsy in politics, religion, arts, and sciences suggests a positive expression of this behavioral spectrum. Psychosis, depression, paranoia, and personality disorders may represent a negative pole of epilepsy-related behavioral changes. The most important aspect of behavioral changes in epilepsy for physicians is to recognize and treat dysfunctional behavior. Depression is a common problem that is often unrecognized and untreated. Other treatable problems include impotence, anxiety, panic attacks, and psychosis. Identifying risk factors will, it is hoped, assist in developing methods to prevent these disorders.

Anxiety Disorders↗
PubMed2002

Science and myth.

Explore the source record for details and available documents.

Biological Evolution↗