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At least 289 records · Page 16Linked to original sources
PubMed1990

Retinal toxicity of recombinant tissue plasminogen activator in the rabbit.

We studied the dose-dependent retinal toxicity of the available commercial preparation of human recombinant tissue plasminogen activator in the normal rabbit eye. Tissue plasminogen activator was injected into the midvitreous cavity of albino rabbits in doses (per 100 microL) of 25, 50, 75, and 100 micrograms. Control eyes received 100 microL of balanced salt solution or tissue plasminogen activator vehicle. No evidence of a retinal toxic reaction was seen in eyes receiving 25 micrograms of tissue plasminogen activator. One of four eyes injected with 50 micrograms showed loss of photoreceptor cells by light microscopy. Severe retinal damage was seen by ophthalmoscopy, electroretinography, and light microscopy in three of four eyes receiving 75 micrograms of tissue plasminogen activator and in all eyes treated with 100 micrograms of tissue plasminogen activator or equivalent vehicle. These results suggest that the commercial recombinant tissue plasminogen activator formulation has a narrow margin of safety in nonvitrectomized eyes and that a component of the vehicle is the toxic factor.

Animals↗
PubMed1990

A fiberoptic stylette for localizing the balloon buckle.

A third-generation balloon catheter that accepts a fiberoptic has been developed. The fiberoptic is inserted through the catheter to the center of the balloon when the balloon is in the area of the retinal break. Viewed with the ophthalmoscope light at dim to off, the balloon can be seen glowing through the wall of the eye. The position of the balloon can then be shifted until the glow is precisely under the retinal break.

Catheterization↗
PubMed1990

Risk of developing a macular hole.

We followed up 45 eyes with early-stage idiopathic macular hole (mean period, 32 months; range, 7 to 87 months) to investigate their prognoses, especially in relation to the vitreous condition. At initial examination, 18 eyes (40%) showed vitreous separation from the fovea, and 10 (22%) developed vitreous separation during follow-up. None of these 28 eyes progressed to a fully developed macular hole during follow-up. Moreover, the macular disease was apparently improved in 23 (82%) of these eyes. However, of the remaining 27 eyes without vitreous separation from the fovea, 10 eyes (37%) progressed to a fully developed macular hole. We speculate that early-stage macular hole could be reversed by spontaneous vitreous separation from the fovea, and this chance may be greater than the risk of true macular hole formation.

Aged↗
PubMed1990

Surgical techniques and reattachment rates in retinal detachment due to macular hole.

We evaluated reattachment rates of the transvitreal and transscleral techniques for treating 250 eyes with retinal detachment due to macular hole. The initial success rate of the transvitreal approach was 56% (53/94). There was no difference between the results of gas tamponade alone and vitrectomy and gas tamponade. The initial success rate of the transscleral approach was 83% (130/156). Macular diathermy and macular buckling showed a higher reattachment rate than macular diathermy alone. The final success rates were the same (95%), regardless of which approach was selected as an initial technique. The patients whose initial transvitreal reattachment failed and who underwent additional transvitreal procedures (including macular laser photocoagulation) showed a success rate of 93%. We believe that gas tamponade, which has possibility of better visual prognosis, should be selected as an initial technique because the final success rate was found to be the same regardless of the initial surgical techniques.

Diathermy↗
PubMed1990

The pretear characteristics of pigment epithelial detachments. A study of 40 eyes.

Retinal pigment epithelial tears are a major complication of pigment epithelial detachment (PED) in the elderly. We observed the pretear process of PED in 38 patients (40 eyes) to identify characteristic angiographic changes. Before the tear occurred, the filling pattern of the PED underwent alterations, including an increase in the size and a modification in the shape of the PED (27 eyes); the development of notches (14 eyes); and the onset or increase of subretinal fluid, hard exudates, and/or hemorrhages (30 eyes). The most noteworthy feature was the uneven filling of the PED, with a remarkably hypofluorescent central area that remained dark until the late angiographic frames (24 eyes). Conversely, hyperfluorescence appeared early at the margins of the PED, increased progressively, and sometimes demonstrated a crenated edge. The high risk of tearing indicates that laser treatment of the retina should be considered carefully in the presence of these angiographic features.

Aged↗
PubMed1990

Retinal pigment epithelial tears through the fovea with preservation of good visual acuity.

We describe two patients with spontaneous retinal pigment epithelial tears through the fovea who have maintained at least 20/40 visual acuity for 1 year and 3 years following the rip. Both patients had long-standing serous detachments of the retinal pigment epithelium associated with age-related macular degeneration prior to the development of the tear. Each tear was at least five disc areas in size and centered on the fovea. Foveal fixation was documented despite the presumed absence of pigment epithelium. This observation suggests either that there may be remaining or redundant pigment epithelium or that pigment epithelium directly beneath the central macula is not required for maintenance of 20/40 visual acuity.

Female↗