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Controlling caloric consumption: protocols for rodents and rhesus monkeys.

One approach for investigating biological aging is to compare control-fed animals with others restricted in calorie intake by 20% or more. Caloric restriction (CR) is the only intervention shown to extend the maximum lifespan of several invertebrates and vertebrates including spiders, fish, rats and mice. The capacity of CR to retard aging in nonhuman primates is now being explored. The rodent studies show that CR opposes the development of many age-associated pathophysiological changes, including changes to the brain and changes in learning and behavior. One goal of studying CR in rodent is to determine the mechanisms by which it retards aging to design interventions that duplicate those effects. The methods that we use for conducting CR studies on mice and rhesus monkeys are described. We employ procedures designed to achieve a high degree of caloric control for all animals in the study. As used in our studies, this control includes the following features: 1) animals are individually housed, and 2) all individuals in the control group eat the same number of calories (i.e., they are not fed ad lib). Although this method results in strict caloric control for all animals, there seems to be considerable procedural flexibility for the successful conduct of CR studies.

Aging↗
PubMed1992

Assessment of sanitation conditions by qualitative sanitation measurement.

Survey of sanitation conditions by qualitative sanitation measurement were carried out in three districts, Chachoengsao Province, Thailand. The sanitation of each household was assessed in terms of positive stool examination and scores of seven main sanitary activities which were used to classify each household's sanitation as hygienic or non-hygienic. Stool collections were made from each household's housewife and examined for pathogenic bacteria and parasites. It was found that in the qualitative measurement of the household's sanitation as hygienic or non-hygienic, most sanitary activities were highly associated with the results of stool examination. From consideration of the sensitivity, specificity and kappa coefficient of significant sanitary activities as predictors and the result of stool examination was used as gold standard, it was apparent that a package of all main sanitary activities was the most appropriate measurement in the survey to assess sanitation conditions in the community.

Animals↗
PubMed1983

Plague.

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Animals↗