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Perceptions of black adults about their academic progress in a baccalaureate nursing program.

This descriptive study focused on those factors which Black women in a baccalaureate nursing program believed hindered or promoted their academic progress. The findings revealed that study participants perceived multiple barriers to their academic progress, the most significant being the academia workload. Participants also identified many support systems, the most important being the family.

Adult↗
PubMed1990

Undergraduate medical education.

The number of applicants to US medical schools, which declined steadily between 1985 and 1988, increased slightly for the class entering in 1989. The profile of entering students showed a small decline from last year in the percentage of students with grade point averages categorized as "A" (3.5 or above on a 4-point scale) and slight declines in four of the six MCAT subtest scores. The percentage of both women and minority students in the entering class increased from the previous year. An interesting observation is the large percentage increase this year in students transferring to LCME medical schools from graduate and professional degree programs and from osteopathic medical schools. While the number of full-time faculty members in medical schools continues to increase, significant vacancy rates exist in some departments. More than 5% of full-time faculty positions are vacant in genetics, pathology, dermatology, family medicine, neurology, obstetrics-gynecology, orthopedics, otolaryngology, pediatrics, and surgery departments. Along with faculty vacancies, there has been a considerable turnover of medical school deans. The curriculum in most medical schools includes some innovative instructional formats, such as problem-based learning and computer-assisted instruction. However, current data do not allow a generalization about the extent to which these are being utilized. It seems that, at least in some institutions, multiple methods are being used to assess the clinical competence of medical students (observation by faculty members and residents, written and oral examinations, and multiple station examinations), including the use of standardized patients. About half of the medical schools require students to pass the NBME Part I examination and about one third require passage of Part II. The subject examinations provided by the NBME seem to be used widely, at least in the clinical disciplines. Within the past year, about 14% of medical schools have reported the presence of students or residents who have been diagnosed with human immunodeficiency virus infection, and 12% have had students or residents diagnosed with hepatitis B virus infection. It is critical that medical schools teach students how to prevent occupational exposure to these infections, as well as ensuring that adequate health insurance coverage be provided for these conditions.

Accreditation↗
PubMed1989

[Why do they enroll in nursing school? A study of the motivations of the enrollments in the School for Professional Nurses of Veneto Province].

A longitudinal investigation developed in the Regione Veneto has focused on the motivations which lead 2,500 young people per year to choose the nursing school and on the information on the school and the profession which are available for them. The ground motivations which seem to guide to choice appear to be mostly of the idealistic-humanitarian type, while the image of the nursing profession shares the characteristics of a low professional and social role. The investigation has also explored the motivations which lead 15% of the candidates to leave the school very early on, and provides a profile of those characteristics of the Regional Schools which are judged by the young candidates as positive or negative.

Humans↗
PubMed1989

The recruitment and retention of minority and disadvantaged allied health students.

Student recruitment and retention has been given high priority over the last several years. The School of Allied Health Sciences at the University of Texas Medical Branch at Galveston has been involved in recruitment and retention programs that have produced minority student enrollment of over 20% over the past seven years. The programs are supported by federal grants that have provided seed money to design, develop, and implement three specific recruitment and retention programs. These programs have assisted in enrolling over 575 minority students with a retention rate above 90%. Graduation, licensure, and certification rates have been at or above the majority population. These programs are adaptable at other allied health professions schools and have been used as models for several programs across the United States.

Data Collection↗
PubMed1988

Vicissitudes of depressed mood during four years of medical school.

We describe the vicissitudes of depressed mood for one medical school class that was assessed repeatedly overtime, from the first day of medical school until several months short of graduation, using the Beck Depression Inventory (BDI). Using an arbitrarily defined BDI cutoff point of 14 or greater, at least 12% of the class showed considerable depressive symptoms at any assessment during the first three years; the largest fraction (25%) was symptomatic near the end of the second year. The median class BDI score increased almost threefold during the first two years. Students were likely to be in a similar class ranking at all assessments, indicating that for many students dysphoric mood was enduring. Those with BDI scores of 21 or greater were more likely to quit medical school. Students with high scores for dysphoria were not more likely to evidence a family history of major depression or concomitant substance abuse. Women medical students were not more vulnerable to depressed mood than men.

Adult↗
PubMed1988

Selection of medical students at a medical faculty in South Africa.

The selection procedure at one medical faculty in the RSA was investigated. Students were admitted to the M.B. Ch.B. course on the basis of school results. Four groups were studied: matriculants; those selected after completing the 1st year of a B.Sc. course; those who had completed a full B.Sc. course; and those who had experience and other qualifications after leaving school. The matriculants were by far the largest group and the analysis of their marks received emphasis. Students who registered for their 1st year in 1980-1983 were followed up until the middle of their 3rd year. In total 635 students were assessed. The students' school results were compared with their preclinical marks. Chi-square tests for independence, multiple regression analysis, Pearson correlation coefficients and canonical correlation analysis were carried out. Although the results reflected a significant relationship between good selection marks and preclinical achievement, the strength of the association was too small for selection marks to have any reliable predictive value for an individual student. There was a low drop-out rate (5.4%) during the 1st year of study, but this rate increased threefold to 17.2% during the remaining preclinical period. This may indicate that the selection criteria were not specific enough to avoid this relatively large loss of students.

Educational Measurement↗