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PubMed2005

[The determination of chromium in feeds by flame atomic absorption spectrophotometry].

Chromium in feeds is regulated by China Standard GB 13078-2001. A method of flame atomic absorption spectrophotometry for the determination of Cr in feeds has been developed in allusion to shortage of China standard method. Several acetylene flow-rate, burner-high and the additive of interference suppressor NH4Cl were studied respectively on the effect of sensitivities of Cr(III) and Cr(VI). The two sets analytical average results of Cr in feed sample determined by calibration curves of Cr(III) and Cr(VI) were tested by t test, no marked discrepancy was found. Optimum instrumental conditions of Cr(III) and Cr(VI) with same sensitivity were confirmed. Sensitivity was 0.014 microg x mL(-1) with detection limit 0.70 mg x kg(-1). The recoveries were 94.4%-104.9%. Relative standard deviation of sample determination (5-6 times) was 1.90%-4.08%. This method is simply, fast and exact, the detection limit was answered for Cr limit in feeds regulated by GB 13078-2001, it can be applied to the analysis of Cr in feeds.

Acetylene↗
PubMed1980

[Use of solubilization for the preparation of samples for determination of heavy metals in biological materials using atomic absorption spectrophotometry].

Solubilisation was tested for its suitability to prepare organic samples for metal determination. Flameless atomic-absorption spectrophotometry was used as test method. Copper, manganese, zinc, and chromium levels were determined from various organ systems of Wistar rat, in response to "normal" feeding of pelletised standard feed. A comparison between experimentally established concentrations, on the one hand, and literature data, on the other, suggested that solubilisation was applicable with good success to the preparation of samples from which to determine reliable values, in ppm and ppb, of the above elements.

Animal Feed↗
PubMed1977

Nickel content of human palatine tonsils: analysis of small tissue samples by flameless atomic absorption spectrophotometry.

We describe a method for determining the nickel content of small tissue samples by flameless atomic absorption spectrophotometry in this case biopsy specimens from human palatine tonsils. Contact between tissue samples and metallic objects was avoided, except for the use of biopsy forceps (Type No. 8150.00 Wolf, stainless steel) for collecting samples, to imitate the actual procedure when small biopsy specimens are removed from the nasal mucosal membranes in nickel workers for histopathological and chemical investigations. Nickel contamination from this instrument was insignificant at the precision of the present procedures. The mean concentration of nickel in 15 tonsils was 13.5 +/- 7.0 (SD) microng/100g (wet wt). The mean nickel concentration in eight different samples of the same tonsil was 5.6 +/- 2.7 (SD microng/100 g.

Adolescent↗
PubMed2006

A detailed study of thermal decomposition, amalgamation/ atomic absorption spectrophotometry methodology for the quantitative analysis of mercury in fish and hair.

The analytical method for determining the concentration of mercury in fish by thermal decomposition, amalgamation/ atomic absorption spectrophotometry was thoroughly studied. Specific issues addressed were accurate modeling of instrumental response, the use of quartz and nickel boats, carryover effects, software limitations, and troubleshooting. The DMA-80 Direct Mercury Analyzer instrument was calibrated using a total of 22 points, and the resultant curves statistically analyzed. At minimum, second-order polynomials were required to adequately model the data. TORT-2 standard reference material was analyzed in both quartz and nickel boats and found to give equivalent performance in both types of vessels and well within the 95% confidence interval. DOLT-3 standard reference material also yielded values well within the 95% confidence interval, but the DORM-2 standard reference material did not. Carryover effects were found to be minimal with a new catalyst tube but increased with catalyst age. Blanks should be run after the analysis of high mercury content samples; however, when the catalyst has aged, two blanks are required to reduce apparent mercury signals to nominal blank values. Comparable results between thermal decomposition, amalgamation/atomic absorption spectrophotometry and cold-vapor atomic absorption spectrophotometry were demonstrated. The feasibility of using this instrument to analyze hair was also explored and found to be suitable. Software problems and limitations have been noted when attempting to implement a high-throughput methodology. Instrumental drift was found to be minimal when operated over long periods. Blank values can provide important diagnostic indicators.

Animals↗
PubMed1984

Plasma selenium concentration in healthy Japanese children and adults determined by flameless atomic absorption spectrophotometry.

This study showed a rapid and direct method for determining selenium concentration in plasma by flameless atomic absorption spectrophotometry, and differences in plasma selenium concentration in healthy children and adults. A direct method is possible, since selenium is heat stable in the presence of nickel. With this method, the recovery of selenium added to plasma was 100.3 +/- 5.7%, and the relative standard deviation in repeated determinations of pooled plasma selenium was 3.0% and 6.8%. The plasma selenium concentration in adults was 99.4 +/- 12.5 ng/ml, lower than reported concentrations from the United States and Canada, and higher than those from New Zealand. These variations may reflect dietary habits, bioavailability of selenium compounds in diet, racial difference, or different analytical methods. The mean concentration of plasma selenium at 1 to 6 months of age (51.0 +/- 13.1 ng/ml) was significantly lower than in adults (p less than 0.001); it increased gradually and steadily to the adult level with age. This age-related difference of plasma selenium level is similar to that reported previously.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1982

Measurement of tissue disulfide groups by Alcian blue 8GX and atomic absorption spectrophotometry.

The primary purpose of this study was to quantify tissue disulfides with Alcian blue 8GX using atomic absorption spectrophotometry (ASS) to measure the copper moiety of the Alcian blue. The secondary purpose was to determine whether aqueous or alcoholic formalin was a better fixative for this procedure. Sections of mouse renal cortex fixed in 10% neutral formalin (NBF) or in ethanol/formalin/acetic acid (AFA) were stained in 0.5% Alcian blue 8GX in 0.8 M MgCl2 with prior thiosulfation (+Th) or without prior thiosulfation (-Th). The relative contents in the tissues of the copper of Alcian blue, measured by AAS, may be summarized as follows: -Th NBF, 1.15 micrograms Cu/mg tissue; -Th AFA, 1.35 micrograms Cu/mg tissue; +Th NBF, 1.99 micrograms Cu/mg tissue; +Th AFA, 3.25 micrograms Cu/mg tissue. These data indicate that 1) disulfide may be measured by this procedure, and 2) AFA is the preferred fixative for measurement of both disulfides and native sulfates.

Alcian Blue↗
PubMed1999

[Continuous determination of Zn, Cu and Mn in tea by flame atomic absorption spectrophotometry].

This paper reports the determination of trace metals Zn, Cu and Mn in tea by flame atomic absorption spectrophotometry. The method is simple and rapid with good precision and accuracy. The characteristic concentration is 0.009 microg/mL/1% for Zn, 0.031 microg/mL/1% for Cu and 0.017 microg/mL/1% for Mn, respectively. The relative standard deviation is between 0.9% and 5.0%. The recovery rate is between 92.0% and 106.0%.

Camellia sinensis↗
PubMed1979

Direct determination of lead and cadmium in blood and urine by flameless atomic absorption spectrophotometry.

We describe procedures for direct determination of lead and cadmium in blood and urine by flameless atomic absorption spectrophotometry. Before analysis, the samples are pre-ashed in microboats in an ordinary laboratory oven. In this way, many samples can be prepared and pre-ashed simultaneously. We find the procedures presented in this work to be rapid, accurate, and precise.

Cadmium↗
PubMed1983

[Assay of serum selenium by atomic absorption spectrophotometry. Value in the biological diagnosis of nonobstructive cardiomyopathies].

The authors present a technique of direct assay of serum selenium by atomic absorption spectrophotometry, using electrothermal atomization in a graphite oven. The initial results of the assays performed in patients with non-obstructive cardiomyopathies (NOCM) reveal a decrease in the serum selenium level. This element could therefore represent a laboratory marker for these diseases.

Cardiomyopathies↗
PubMed1978

Analysis for lead in undiluted whole blood by tantalum ribbon atomic absorption spectrophotometry.

We describe a modified tantalum ribbon atomic absorption procedure for determining lead in undiluted whole blood. An instrumentation Laboratory (I.L.) Model 151 atomic absorption spectrophotometer equipped with an I.L. Model 355 Flameless Sampler was used. The Flameless Sampler was slightly modified to include three-cycle operation instead of the normal two cycles. This modified single-beam system, equipped with background correction, allows 5-microliter specimens of whole blood to be quickly and accurately analyzed. No sample preparation other than vortex mixing is involved and method reliability has been demonstrated during an extended period of successful participation in proficiency testing studies conducted by the Center for Disease Control. This tantalum ribbon methodology has further been demonstrated to be effective both as a primary screening procedure and as a confirmatory procedure, when coupled with erythrocyte protoporphyrin determinations, in screening over 300 000 clients during a three-year period of use in the Early and Periodic Screening, Diagnosis and Treatment (EPSDT) Program in Texas.

Humans↗
PubMed1980

Determination of zinc in diet and faeces by acid extraction and atomic absorption spectrophotometry.

A simple acid extraction procedure for sample preparation of diet and faeces for zinc analysis by flame atomic absorption spectrophotometry is evaluated. About 0.5 g of homogenized diet or faeces was mixed with 6 ml 1 mol/l hydrochloric acid. After 24 h, 4 ml chloroform and 2 ml methanol was added to dissolve fatty components and reduce surface tension. The samples were centrifuged and the supernatants analysed. The sensitivity of the method was 1.7 mumol per 1000 g. The coefficient of intra-assay variation was for faeces 1.7% (n = 20), for diet 2.1% (n = 25). The coefficient of inter-assay variation was for faeces 4.7% (n = 24), for diet 4.9% (n = 20). Recovery of known amounts of zinc added to faeces was 99.7 +/- 3.1% (n = 50). Recovery of zinc added to diet was 98.9 +/- 2.9% (n = 47). A good agreement was found between zinc determinations by the acid extraction method and by a method of acid digestion.

Analysis of Variance↗
PubMed1983

Zeeman effect electrothermal atomic absorption spectrophotometry with matrix modification for the determination of arsenic in urine.

Arsenic was determined in urine by electrothermal atomic absorption spectrophotometry using Zeeman Effect background correction and after matrix modification with 5% nickel nitrate. Mean recovery of urine samples spiked with 100 micrograms . L-1 dimethylarsinic acid was 97.9 micrograms . L-1. Within-run CV was 2.4%, between-run CV was 7.3% and the detection limit was determined to be 10.0 micrograms . L-1. The method can be used for the rapid screening of urine samples for elevated arsenic levels.

Arsenic↗
PubMed2000

[Determination of trace copper, zinc, iron, calcium and magnesium in lymph by flame atomic absorption spectrophotometry].

This paper reports the determination of trace Copper, Zinc, Iron, Calcium and Magnesium in lymph by flame atomic absorption spectrophotometry. The lymph samples were digested with HNO3-HClO4. The method is convenient and rapid. The rates of standard recovery of Copper, Zinc, Iron, Calcium and Magnesium were 99.2%, 103.0%, 102.0%, 104.0% and 98.5% respectively.

Calcium↗
PubMedDate not supplied

Direct analysis of platinum in plasma and urine by electrothermal atomic absorption spectrophotometry.

An improved technique is described for analysis of platinum (Pt) concentrations in plasma and urine by electrothermal atomic absorption spectrophotometry (EAAS). The method is intended for use in therapeutic monitoring of cancer patients treated with platinum-containing antitumor drugs. Samples (0.1 ml) of plasma, urine, or Pt standards are diluted to two ml with a matrix solution that contains diammonium edetate, ammonium dihydrogen phosphate, ammonium hydroxide, and octoxynol detergent. Concentrations of Pt in the diluted samples are determined directly by EAAS analysis with Zeeman background correction. Standard additions are unnecessary; Pt concentrations are read from a calibration chart of peak heights, which is linear up to 1.6 mg per liter. The detection limit is 0.02 mg of Pt per liter. Day-to-day precision (coefficient of variation, based on 21 consecutive runs) ranges from 4.2 to 11.7 percent, depending upon the Pt concentration in the plasma and urine specimens. Recovery of Pt added to plasma and urine specimens averages 103 +/- 8 and 99 +/- 6 percent, respectively. Concentrations of Pt are stable in plasma and urine specimens stored at 4 degrees C or -20 degrees C for four weeks. Analyses of Pt concentrations in serial plasma and urine specimens from cancer patients receiving cisplatin chemotherapy demonstrate the clinical utility of the technique.

Cisplatin↗
PubMed2000

[Determination of trace Cr in medical material progesterone by flame atomic absorption spectrophotometry].

This paper report the development of the determination of trace metal Cr in medical material progesterone by flame atomic absorption spectrophotometry. After the organic compounds are eliminated by HNO3-H2O4 to decomposite completely, the sample is determinated by FAAS. The method is convenient and the results show good precision and accuracy. The relative standard deviation was 3.0% and the rate of recovery was 98.8%.

Chromium↗
PubMed1998

[Determination of trace Fe in doxycycline hydrochloric acid by flame atomic absorption spectrophotometry].

This paper reports the development of the determination of trace metal Fe in doxycycline hydrochloric acid by flame atomic absorption spectrophotometry. The method is convenient to determine elements in doxycycline hydrochloric acid. The results show that the method offers good precision and accuracy. The relative standard deviation for Fe was 0.54% and the rate of recovery was 99.2%.

Calibration↗