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PubMed2003

Comparison of the bactericidal activity of moxifloxacin and levofloxacin against Staphylococcus aureus, Staphylococcus epidermidis, Escherichia coli and Klebsiella pneumoniae.

In addition to MIC and MBC tests in this study the serum bactericidal activity of 3.1 microg/ml of moxifloxacin or 5.2 microg/ml of levofloxacin was determined against ten susceptible strains of S. aureus, S. epidermidis, E. coli and K. pneumoniae. Moxifloxacin achieved markedly better activity against S. aureus and S. epidermidis as compared to levofloxacin. Activity of moxifloxacin against E. coli and K. pneumoniae was excellent but not superior to levofloxacin. In conclusion both fluorquinolones are highly effective against E. coli and K. pneumoniae, moxifloxacin being superior with respect to gram-positives like S. aureus and S. epidermidis.

Anti-Bacterial Agents↗
PubMed2000

[Detection of Staphylococcus aureus and Staphylococcus epidermis species specific antigens and antibodies to alpha-toxin in the blood of patients with pneumonia].

Test systems for indirect hemagglutination (IHA) test for detection of S. aureus and S. epidermidis teichoic acids and S. aureus alpha-toxin in patients' sera have been developed on the basis of immunoglobulins isolated from monospecific sera. Test system for IHA test for detection of antitoxin in donor and patients' sera has been created on the basis of highly purified alpha-toxin. Thirty donor sera and 61 sera from patients with pneumonia were analyzed. Low antibody levels in the patients may be due to the fact that the sera were collected during the first days of disease. Group of patients with high content of staphylococcal antigens and antitoxin in the blood was particularly interesting. These patients developed severe pneumonia, among whose etiological agents were S. aureus and S. epidermidis. Diagnostic analysis of patients' sera by IHA test for detection of staphylococcal antigens was more effective, accurate, and rapid in comparison with the bacteriological method; moreover, it confirmed the significance of staphylococci in the pathogenesis of pneumonia.

Antibodies, Bacterial↗
PubMed2001

[Correlation between methicillin-resistance and resistance to fluoroquinolones in Staphylococcus aureus and Staphylococcus epidermidis].

Fluoroquinolones resistance in Staphylococci is associated to point mutations in grlA (80,84 and 116) grlB, gyrA (84,88) and gyrB genes. Almost all MRSA strains are ciprofloxacin and levofloxacin resistant while, in a lesser degree, MRCoN staphylococci show to be resistant to levofloxacin. This observation made possible to predict a different correlation between methicillin-resistance and the resistance to FQs in this two different species. In this study, we compare genomic analysis of S. aureus and S. epidermidis with the resistance to FQs. Our results show that strains of MRSA are distributed in 4 different PFGE-types while 12 MRSE strains are distributed in 9. MRSA resistant to FQs showed a unique PFGE pattern; on the contrary of FQs susceptible MRSA and MSSA. Furthermore mecA and gyrA genes are located in the same SmaI fragment in MRSA and in different in MRSE. MSSE and MRSE show more ClaI/mecA polymorphisms than MRSA. All this data confirm the clonal origin of MRSA and show that FQs resistance is linked to the presence of mec locus and both clonally spread. On the contrary in MRSE FQs-resistance is independent from MR and arise with the normal frequence of antibiotic induction.

Anti-Infective Agents↗
PubMed1990

[Nosocomial Staphylococcus epidermidis and Staphylococcus aureus septicemias in neonates].

Sixteen neonates developed staphylococcal septicemia (S. epidermidis in 10 cases and S. aureus in six). Two infections were due to maternofetal contamination and four to contaminated foreign material. Clinical symptoms included non-specific evidence of neonatal bacterial infection and, in S. aureus infections, suggestive skin or bone localizations. Fifteen patients recovered without sequelae and one died as a result of S. aureus septicopyemia. In view of the patterns of resistance to antimicrobial agents exhibited by S. aureus and S. epidermidis, the vancomycin-amikacin combination seems the most appropriate treatment in neonatal staphylococcal septicemias. However, the fosfomycin-cefotaxim combination can be proposed for the treatment of staphylococcal infections with osteoarticular or meningeal involvement.

Anti-Bacterial Agents↗
PubMed1986

Abnormal humoral immune response to Staphylococcus aureus in patients with Staphylococcus aureus hyper IgE syndrome.

Patients with the S. aureus hyper IgE syndrome (SAHIGES) have an abnormal IgE response to cell wall and surface antigens of S. aureus. In this paper we describe the detection of IgE antibodies to soluble antigens of staphylococci (S. aureus and S. epidermidis) and qualitative abnormalities of the IgG response to soluble S. aureus antigens in patients with SAHIGES. These findings may be of pathogenetic importance and help to delineate SAHIGES from other diseases.

Adult↗