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A 9-year-old male child posted for closure of tracheocutaneous fistula developed extensive subcutaneous emphysema resulting in acute respiratory distress immediately after transfer to recovery room. The clinical management, precautions and other complications of closure of tracheocutaneous fistula are discussed.
We have recently examined a patient in whom sonographic visualization of the most lateral part of the right lobe of the liver was impossible due to the presence of subcutaneous emphysema of the right flank. To our knowledge, this is the first ultrasonic report of this condition.
We describe a pacemaker-dependent patient who presented with malfunction two days after implantation of a physiologic dual-chamber pacing system. The malfunction was due to subcutaneous emphysema produced by subclavian venepuncture. Accumulation of air within the generator pocket of the pacemaker resulted in insulation of the unipolar anodal plate and dysfunction of the device.
A 17-year-old spayed female domestic shorthair cat developed subcutaneous emphysema, pneumoperitoneum, and pneumoretroperitoneum during endoscopic placement of a gastrostomy feeding tube after gastric insufflation and cannula insertion. The cat underwent exploratory laparotomy to investigate the possibility of gastric rupture but only a 2- to 3-mm defect was found in the gastric fundus at the site of cannula insertion. Pasteurella multocida and Enterobacter spp were cultured aerobically from the peritoneal cavity. The cat recovered without complications.
Neck emphysema is an unusual pathology in childhood depending on several conditions. We report the case of a subcutaneous emphysema of the neck after an oropharyngeal injury in a child and take the advantage of the event in order to review the etiology and pathogeny of neck emphysema, because the otolaryngologist must know the differential diagnosis, face to the presence of air inside the neck, since the definitive treatment depends on is etiology.
The authors mention the case of pneumomediastinum and major cervico-facial-thoracic subcutaneous emphysema in a 4 month baby recovering from early surgery for a cleft palate, caused by a barotrauma (positive, pressure ventilation). After an emergency draining of the two pneumothorax, the situation evolved quickly, favourably and with no after effects whatsoever. They insist on the necessity of a rapid diagnosis concerning this rare complication (which can quickly evolve dramatically) and on the importance of pediatric anesthesia facilities.
A case is presented of severe barotrauma due to thoracoscopy with multiple lung biopsies and consecutive mechanical ventilation for pneumocystis carinii pneumonia. When tension subcutaneous emphysema developed, circulatory collapse occurred. Relief of pressure by a subcutaneous drain reversed the circulatory state.
Spontaneous subcutaneous accumulations of air in the soft parts of the thorax during an asthmatic crisis (status asthmaticus) are rarely seen. The pathomechanism of the phenomenon, which may lead to the formation of an emphysema of the soft parts via the pneumomediastinum, is discussed, and the possible complications which must be taken into account are pointed out. The value of radiological examination of the thorax in children suffering from asthma bronchiale, is explained briefly.
Neonatal tracheal injury/perforation is an uncommon complication of traumatic deliveries or endotracheal intubation. We present a case of neonatal tracheal injury following delivery at term that presented with subcutaneous emphysema and pneumomediastinum before any attempt at intubation. The clinical course, treatment, and outcome are described.
Diagnostic and therapeutic laparoscopy is a safe procedure, which, however, is not without complications. The rare occurrence of subcutaneous emphysema, as a consequence of pneumoperitoneum, following laparoscopic cholecystectomy, is reported. The mechanism for the development of this complication and its management are discussed.
Orbital emphysema without evidence of any significant trauma is a rare occurrence. A case is reported here of bilateral subcutaneous emphysema of the orbital, in the absence of facial skeleton trauma, in a healthy adult male following nose blowing. It assumes importance because of potential complications such as loss of vision due to pressure effects and infection. Lamina papyracea is the most common site of bony defect and point of air entry into the orbit. Spontaneous resolution in around two weeks is usual.
Periodontal ligament anaesthesia (PDLA) is a good choice to most common local anaesthesia methods. In the present work the Authors report a case of subcutaneous emphysema as adverse effect of this injection technique.
Subcutaneous neck emphysema has been reported infrequently following colonoscopic perforation and only a single case of pneumopericardium has been previously reported. The successful management of these patients in the literature has largely been non-operative. We report a case of colonoscopic perforation which presented with subcutaneous neck emphysema, pneumopericardium, and pneumoperitoneum that required operative intervention.
The authors report the occurrence of diffuse low voltage and the loss of R-waves in the precordial leads in a standard 12-lead electrocardiogram, suggestive of an anterior wall myocardial infarction, in a patient with subcutaneous emphysema and pneumomediastinum.
Self-induced pneumoparotitis is a distinct clinical entity which should be considered in any inflammatory swelling of the parotid gland. When complicated by subcutaneous emphysema, other more important causes should be excluded. An unusual case is presented, which was further complicated by the presence of a pleomorphic adenoma.
Diagnostic and therapeutic laparoscopy is a safe procedure, which, however, is not without complications. In this article, we report a case of subcutaneous emphysema, as a consequence of pneumoperitoneum, during laparoscopic cholecystectomy. The mechanism for the development of this complication and its management are discussed.
This report concerns a 31-year-old woman. It is an intricate case including bilateral self-induced pneumoparotitis, cervical and facial subcutaneous emphysema and limited pneumomediastinum. Besides, this borderline patient simulated asthma attacks. The clinical picture was characteristic of Munchausen's syndrome with multiple hospitalisations in various hospitals, automutilations and intentional production of physical symptoms. The diagnosis and the treatment are discussed.
Intraventricular tension pneumocephalus is an unusual complication of surgically treated hydrocephalus. This is a life-threatening complication requiring prompt diagnosis and treatment. A case is presented wherein tension pneumocephalus developed as a result of cervicocranial subcutaneous emphysema in the presence of a ventriculoperitoneal shunt.