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At least 289 records · Page 16Linked to original sources

PubMed2006

[Rehabilitation of an abraded occlusion with Procera-ZrO2 all-ceramic crowns. A case report].

The rehabilitation of a patient with advanced tooth wear by means of Procera ZrO2 ceramic crowns is described. A healthy, 60 year old patient complained about front teeth esthetics and impaired function due to reduced tooth height. He was aware of bruxism and wished full mouth rehabilitation. The clinical examination showed that tooth wear was generalized, but most teeth could be maintained in both jaws. A staged procedure was planned, starting with a splint therapy and a provisional fixed prosthesis to reestablish correct vertical dimension of occlusion (VDO) and stable occlusal contacts. The new ZrO2 material with the Procera technique was chosen to restore all teeth in both jaws, except the mandible front teeth. In the second treatment phase, crown lengthening of the maxillary front teeth was performed and one implant placed to replace a maxillary premolar. After final tooth preparation, impression taking and bite registration the ZrO2 crown-copings were scanned, processed and completed by veneering. A flat occlusal scheme with stable front teeth guidance was established. The advantage of the presented treatment is the esthetic result in combination with a material of high mechanical and biological quality.

Bruxism↗

PubMed1999

Diagnosis and management of dental erosion.

Early recognition of dental erosion is important to prevent serious irreversible damage to the dentition. This requires awareness of the clinical appearance of erosion compared to other forms of tooth wear. An understanding of the etiologies and risk factors for erosion is also important. These form the basis of a diagnostic protocol and management strategy that addresses the multifactorial nature of tooth wear. The primary dental care team has the expertise and the responsibility to provide this care for their patients with erosion.

Acids↗

PubMed1989

[The attrition of deciduous teeth].

The aim of the present investigation was to study tooth wear in extracted primary teeth. Altogether 992 deciduous teeth were examined under a stereomicroscope with a magnification of 25X. The amount of attrition (former name abrasion) was scored according to the Tooth Wear Index published by Smith and Knight (1984). On the basis of the present study the following conclusions can be drown: 1. Attrition was found in more than three-quarter of the examined teeth which shows that children with all certainty chew more than it is assumed. 2. Attrition could be assigned mainly in the class 1. and dentin was exposed in 12% of the cases. 3. Attrition of molar teeth is higher than that of the anterior teeth. 4. Attrition of the first molars is higher than that of the second molars.

Child↗

PubMed1985

Dental attrition and craniofacial morphology in two Australian aboriginal populations.

This study considers the craniofacial morphology of two Australian Aboriginal populations with different patterns of tooth wear. Evidence of regional variation in cranial and facial morphology is provided by significant differences in a number of variables. In addition, the intergroup differences in the correlations between attrition and facial variables provide evidence of different adaptive and compensatory changes occurring in each group in response to the different patterns of tooth wear.

Australia↗

PubMed1988

Degenerative changes in the temporomandibular joint in two Australian aboriginal populations.

The frequency and severity of degenerative changes in the temporomandibular joints in two Australian Aboriginal populations with different patterns of tooth wear, craniofacial morphology, and temporomandibular joint morphology were examined. The incidence of degenerative changes differed between groups and between sexes and increased with age, ranging from zero in the youngest groups to 65% in the oldest, most severely affected group. Degenerative changes of the fossa were more frequent than condylar changes. Significant associations between degenerative changes and both the pattern of tooth wear and aspects of facial morphology were also evident.

Adult↗

PubMedDate not supplied

Bond strength of fiber-reinforced composite resin restorations.

Severe tooth wear is common in older dentate individuals, with one treatment option being composite resin restorations reinforced with a suitable matrix. This study evaluated the use of high modulus polyethylene (Celanese) fibers as a reinforcing matrix for composite resin. Human mandibular incisor teeth were sectioned to simulate severe tooth wear. Sectioned surfaces were measured, the teeth paired and assigned to control or test sample groups, and further assigned to be tested with a labial or lingual shearing force. A phosphorylated dentin bonding adhesive was applied to the abraded dentin surface. Labial and lingual intra-enamel bevel preparations were cut on each specimen. A piece of Celanese fabric was bonded onto the acid-etched labial and lingual bevels of the test specimens using an enamel bonding agent. Class IV composite resin restorations were then placed onto the test and control specimens. Following water storage, the specimens were subjected to shearing forces. Bond strengths for test specimens were significantly greater (p < 0.03) than the controls. Specimens with a labially applied force also had significantly higher bond strengths (p < 0.001). SEM analysis revealed adhesive bond failures over dentin surfaces, with cohesive bond failures within the composite resin. Celanese fibers maintained the restorations on the teeth, although adhesive failures were seen between the fibers and enamel bonding agent.

Analysis of Variance↗

PubMed2006

Occupation and sports.

In rare cases the occupation - be it at work or during professional and strenuous sports activities - may give a clue to a patient's risk factors for dental erosion. However, no detrimental effects were described on a population level. Frequent contact to inorganic or organic acids at work could increase the occurrence and progression of erosion. In some studies, acid workers had significantly more teeth with erosive tooth wear than the controls. Clinical findings showed erosion mainly on upper anterior teeth and dentine hypersensitivity. Occupation groups at risk would mostly be found in the chemical industry, but also others like wine tasters may have dental erosion. A few case reports and studies have reported an association between sports activities and erosive tooth wear. The cause could be direct acid exposure or strenuous exercise, which may increase gastroesophageal reflux. Risk groups are swimmers exercising in water with low pH and athletes consuming frequently erosive sport drinks. It has to be kept in mind that sports drinks and occupation can be for some patients a cofactor in the development or in the increase of dental erosion. However, it is unlikely that one or two isolated factors will be responsible for this multifactorial condition.

Acids↗

PubMed1998

Effects of dopaminergic drugs, occlusal disharmonies, and chronic stress on non-functional masticatory activity in the rat, assessed by incisal attrition.

Observational methods and the recording of nonspecific jaw movements or masticatory muscle activity have been used to evaluate oral parafunctional movements in animal models of bruxism. In this study, we have used a new approach in which the non-functional masticatory activity in the rat was assessed by the measurement of incisal attrition, with the aim of investigating the role of diverse factors involved in the etiology of bruxism. We quantified the attrition rate weekly by making superficial notches in the lower incisors and measuring the distances to the incisor edges. Repeated stimulation of the dopaminergic system with apomorphine led to an enhancement of the non-functional masticatory activity (p < 0.0001). The severity of the apomorphine-induced oral behavior was positively correlated (r(s) = 0.69, p < 0.01) with an increase in the incisal attrition rate (20.9%, p < 0.0001). Apomorphine-induced non-functional masticatory activity was strongly enhanced by the placement of an acrylic cap on both lower incisors (306%, p < 0.0001), but not by the cutting of a lower incisor. Repeated cocaine administration also increased the attrition rate (22.5%, p < 0.0001). However, neither chronic blockade of dopaminergic receptors with haloperidol, nor its withdrawal, modified attrition. In addition, since emotional disturbances are considered to be causal factors of bruxism, we tested whether experimental stress might accelerate tooth wear. Exposure to two different chronic stress regimes did not induce significant changes in incisal attrition. Moreover, exposure to chronic stress after the withdrawal of chronic haloperidol treatment did not alter attrition either. These results partially support the role of the central dopaminergic system in bruxism and suggest that stress, in general, may not be a relevant factor in tooth wear.

Analysis of Variance↗

PubMed1992

Restoration of the vertical dimension of occlusion in the severely worn dentition.

The guidelines presented in this article for diagnosis and treatment of extreme tooth wear are not meant to be all inclusive. Every patient has unique treatment needs, and all of these needs may not be addressed specifically in this article. We believe, however, that careful adherence to the guidelines presented should facilitate a successful treatment of most if not all patients with moderate or severe tooth wear. The general guidelines for treatment of these patients include the following: 1. A comprehensive examination, including a thorough medical and dental history, orofacial and dental clinical examination, dental radiographs, TMD screening history and examination, impressions and jaw relation records for mounting casts in a semi-adjustable articulator, 2. A diagnostic wax-up and diagnostic occlusal adjustment on additional or duplicated mounted casts, 3. Careful planning and consultation regarding the need for preparatory treatment. Careful integration and sequencing of the different areas of treatment needed to enhance the finished result, 4. Discussion with the patient of the different treatment alternatives and sequences possible for his or her individual case, with presentation of advantages and disadvantages and prognosis for each, 5. Finally, careful execution of the agreed upon treatment plan by the dentist. Although not specifically mentioned, treatment success requires a highly motivated patient and skilled dental laboratory technicians. These "treatment partners" should be included in the planning stages of treatment as early as possible to enhance the possibility of having a successful treatment result.

Dental Occlusion, Traumatic↗

PubMed1981

Dental attrition and degenerative arthritis of the temporomandibular joint.

The extent and rate of occlusal attrition in relation to degenerative arthritis of the temporomandibular joint were studied in 101 skulls representing early Aboriginal man in Australia. Joint degenerations affected 40% of the specimens and were associated with both the rate and extent of tooth attrition. Age, unaccompanied by tooth wear, was not significant in the progress of the disease. Degenerations affected the temporal joint surface more frequently than the condyle, particularly in the lateral and central regions of the articular eminence. Patterns of degenerative joint disease in the Aboriginals illustrated a break-down in the physiological adaptability of the masticatory system resulting from increased occlusal stress consequent upon progressive tooth wear. Under these conditions, the teeth and the temporomandibular joints enter a 'wear-out' phase of occlusal function which usually commences in early adult life and becomes more severe as the conditions continue.

Adolescent↗

PubMed1991

Continuous tooth eruption in Australian aboriginal skulls.

Increases in the distance from the cemento-enamel junction to the alveolar crest (CEJ-AC) have often been attributed to senile atrophy of the bone or to the effects of periodontitis, without reference to the condition of the alveolar crest. This study investigated the relationship between CEJ-AC distance, tooth wear, gender, site of the CEJ-AC measurements, and age in 161 pre-white-contact Australian aboriginal skulls. Individual teeth were included in the study when there was no evidence of dehiscence, periodontitis, or abscess cavity formation in the supporting alveolar bone. The CEJ-AC distances increased as the severity of attrition increased; in male skulls, CEJ-AC distances were greater than in female skulls for all categories of tooth wear. In general, CEJ-AC distances measured on the mesial aspects of teeth were greater than those recorded distally; lingual distances generally exceeded buccal recordings. The best explanation of these findings and similar reports in the anthropological literature is that continuous tooth eruption occurred without the concomitant coronal movement of alveolar bone. This conclusion has significant ramifications for anthropological, epidemiological, and clinical studies which use the CEJ and AC as reference points when measuring periodontal attachment loss (periodontitis).

Age Factors↗

PubMed2003

Rehabilitation of severely eroded dentition utilizing all-ceramic restorations.

Tooth wear is becoming an increasing concern, particularly in younger patients. Clinicians will increasingly encounter such problems as more natural teeth are retained into older age and patients' aesthetic demands and expectations rise. The use of all-ceramic restorations has increased due to the materials' natural appearance and strength. This, together with the new generation of resin cements, allows the provision of predictable single-unit restorations. This article reviews the etiology of erosion, which currently appears to be a primary contributor to tooth wear. Aesthetic treatment of a patient is also presented using all-ceramic restorations.

Adult↗

PubMed1997

Correlation of microhardness and wear in differently eroded bovine dental enamel.

The purpose of the study was to compare the microhardness data of differently eroded enamel surfaces with the wear caused by toothbrushing. Sixty bovine enamel specimens were polished and prepared for microhardness determination. The polished surfaces were covered with tape except for a 1.3 x 10.0 mm window. Fifteen specimens each were stored in an erosive beverage (Sprite Light) for either 1, 5 or 15 min. Each specimen was immersed in 10 ml of the beverage. The remaining 15 specimens were not eroded. Interferometrical analysis revealed that substance loss after 15 min of erosion was negligibly low (about 75 mm). In all specimens Vickers microhardness determinations were conducted on eroded (= final hardness) and non-eroded (= initial hardness) enamel surfaces. The specimens were subsequently submitted to toothbrushing abrasion using a slurry consisting of 1 g non-fluoridated dentifrice in 5 ml artificial saliva. The total amount of tooth wear due to erosion and subsequent abrasion was profilometrically evaluated. Statistical analysis revealed a significant decrease in hardness and a significant increase in wear with increasing time of storage in the erosive beverage. Overall regression analysis yielded a statistically significant correlation between both initial and final hardness and the amount of tooth wear. The correlation of abrasion and final hardness could be described by a quadratic mathematical function. It is concluded that the susceptibility of eroded enamel to toothbrushing abrasion can be correlated with Vickers microhardness values, thereby suggesting an overproportionate increase of abrasion with decreasing hardness values.

Animals↗

PubMed2006

Dental erosion in children.

Erosive tooth wear in children is a common condition. The overlapping of erosion with mechanical forces like attrition or abrasion is probably in deciduous teeth more pronounced than in permanent teeth. Early erosive damage to the permanent teeth may compromise the dentition for the entire lifetime and require extensive restorative procedures. Therefore, early diagnosis of the condition and adequate preventive measures are of importance. Knowledge of the etiological factors for erosive tooth wear is a prerequisite for such measures. In children and adolescents (like in adults) extrinsic and intrinsic factors or a combination of them are possible reasons for the condition. Such factors are frequent and extensive consumption of erosive foodstuffs and drinks, the intake of medicaments (asthma), gastro-esophageal reflux (a case history is discussed) or vomiting. But also behavioral factors like unusual eating and drinking habits, the consumption of designer drugs and socio-economic aspects are of importance.

Adolescent↗

PubMed2001

Occlusal stability in shortened dental arches.

Shortened dental arches consisting of anterior and premolar teeth have been shown to meet oral functional demands. However, the occlusal stability may be at risk as a result of tooth migration. The aim of this nine-year study was to investigate occlusal stability in shortened dental arches as a function over time. Occlusal stability indicators were: 'interdental spacing', 'occlusal contacts of anterior teeth in Intercuspal Position', 'overbite', 'occlusal tooth wear', and 'alveolar bone support'. Subjects with shortened dental arches (n = 74) were compared with subjects with complete dental arches (controls, n = 72). Repeated-measurement regression analyses were applied to assess age-dependent variables in the controls and to relate the occlusal changes to the period of time since the treatment that led to the shortened dental arches. Compared with complete dental arches, shortened dental arches had similar overbite and occlusal tooth wear. They showed more interdental spacing in the premolar regions, more anterior teeth in occlusal contact, and lower alveolar bone scores. Since the differences remained constant over time, we conclude that shortened dental arches can provide long-term occlusal stability. Occlusal changes were self-limiting, indicating a new occlusal equilibrium.

Adult↗

PubMed2005

A comparative analysis of periapical health based on historic and current data.

AIM: To compare periapical health using samples from prehistoric and historic periods until the present day, and to emphasize the major risk indicators for apical periodontitis (AP). METHODOLOGY: A comparative survey to assess periapical health was performed on five samples (525 individuals) drawn from different periods of history within the time frame 2000 BC to 2000 AD. Twenty-one binary risk indicators for AP were retained for a logistic regression model. The probability of a diseased tooth was defined from a two-level response variable based on the periapical index (PAI). An individual regression model was computed with partial least squares (PLS) regression model, based on the individual mean values of the nine retained risk indicators. RESULTS: Condensing osteitis, tooth wear, caries, root fillings and the presence of inadequate root fillings were associated with the PAI levels. The maxillary molars and recent time periods (contemporaneous and seventeenth century) were also risk indicators for the pathological condition. The PLS regression for individuals demonstrated correlations between risk factors. This multidimensional analysis indicated that the mean PAI was correlated mainly with caries and condensing osteitis. Condensing osteitis was more frequent in the mandibular than in the maxillary bone (P=0.001), and correlated with tooth wear in ancient periods. CONCLUSIONS: This comparative analysis demonstrated a significantly higher prevalence of AP in the contemporary period. The most important risk indicators for that period were the presence of inadequate root fillings, carious lesions and condensing osteitis.

Adolescent↗

PubMed2006

Behavioral factors.

During and after an erosive challenge, behavioral factors play a role in modifying the extent of erosive tooth wear. The manner that dietary acids are introduced into the mouth (gulping, sipping, use of a straw) will affect how long the teeth are in contact with the erosive challenge. The frequency and duration of exposure to an erosive agent is of paramount importance. Night-time exposure (e.g. baby bottle-feeding) to erosive agents may be particularly destructive because of the absence of salivary flow. Health-conscious individuals tend to ingest acidic drinks and juices more frequently and tend to have higher than average oral hygiene. While good oral hygiene is of proven value in the prevention of periodontal disease and dental caries, frequent toothbrushing with abrasive oral hygiene products may enhance erosive tooth wear. Unhealthy lifestyles such as consumption of designer drugs, alcopops and alcohol abuse are other important behavioral factors.

Acids↗

PubMed2002

Predictors of signs and symptoms of temporomandibular disorders: a 20-year follow-up study from childhood to adulthood.

The aim of this study was to find possible predictors of signs and symptoms of temporomandibular disorders (TMD) in a long-term perspective. Baseline questionnaire and clinical examinations focusing on function and dysfunction of the masticatory system were performed in a sample of 402 subjects 7, 11, and 15 years old. After 20 years, 320 subjects (80% of the original sample) completed a similar questionnaire as at baseline. From the oldest age group, now aged 35 years, 100 subjects (74% of the original sample) also attended a clinical examination. Three variables from the 20-year follow-up were chosen as dependent variables in logistic regression analyses, with independent variables selected from the baseline examinations. Three variables at baseline were significant predictors for reported TMJ clicking at the 20-year follow-up, tooth wear index being the strongest (odds ratio = 4.3). Reported TMJ clicking at the start was the only significant predictor for TMD symptoms without clicking 20 years later (odds ratio = 2.3). The third logistic regression model, using the Helkimo Clinical Dysfunction Score as dependent variable, resulted in four significant predictors from the baseline examinations (bruxism, oral parafunctions, TMJ clicking, and deep bite). The results indicated that some signs and symptoms might predict TMD signs and symptoms in a long-term perspective. However, it cannot be concluded from this study whether these symptoms recorded in childhood--oral parafunction, tooth wear, TMJ clicking, and deep bite--can be used for predicting manifest TMD in adult age.

Adolescent↗