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At least 289 records · Page 16Linked to original sources
PubMed1992

[The effect of working conditions on the physiological functions of operators engaged in natural gas recovery in Uzbekistan].

Work conditions and professional activities were examined in 39 gas extracting complex operators at the age of 30-45, exposed to high environmental temperatures during more than 3 years. It became particularly evident that the observed changes of functional status in the operators were due to fatigue caused by occupational factors and professional peculiarities. Measures are suggested to normalize the hygienic parameters of the working environment and organize the work.

Adult↗
PubMed1990

[The role of ecological factors and working conditions in the development of occupational pathology in the Donetsk region].

Among the factors producing effects on the formation of indexes of morbidity of the people working in Donbass, the main role is played by the ecological situation in the region, working conditions and lifestyle of the working people. On the basis of morbidity indexes analysis proposals and measures aimed at the preservation and improvement of health of the working people are formulated.

Air Pollutants, Occupational↗
PubMedDate not supplied

[Working conditions and health status of railway cashiers].

The paper presents the data of clinical and hygienic studies of railway cashiers' health. The main deleterious factors of their working conditions are poor microclimatic conditions, bacterial inoculation of the working area air, a forced working posture, and a high vocal load under mental stress. There is a significant prevalence of nervous, obstetric, gynecological, thyroid, and vocal diseases and oral dysbacteriosis among the workers of this professional group. There is evidence for the necessity of including the job of a railway cashier into the List of decreed contingents for periodical medical examinations.

Catchment Area, Health↗
PubMed1976

Health hazard among cash register operators and the effect of improved working conditions.

The health condition of female cash register operators in relation to their working conditions was investigated. A questionnaire study revealed that cash register operators more frequently complained of general fatigue, headache, sleeplessness, and low back pain than female office machine operators or other female workers. Dullness and pain in the shoulder, arm, hand, and fingers especially on the right side were characteristic of cash register operators. Physical examinations in 1973 showed that 31.3% of 371 cash register operators suffered from muscle rigidity or tenderness; 13 were severely afficted and, 69 operators had to be either laid off, reassigned to other jobs, or given shorter working hours. Occupational cervicobrachial disorders were suggested to have been caused by repetitive upper limb motions combined with static load, an unfavorable working environment, and mental stress. Implementation of some improvements including shorter operation time, worker rotation, and adoption of electronic registers proved effective in reducing the number of sufferers of cervicobrachial disorders found during the 1975 physical examinations. But the improvements were not effective enough to alleviate fatigue of the neck, shoulder, and back due presumably to sustaining upper limbs while operating the keyboard.

Adolescent↗
PubMedDate not supplied

Field study of subjective assessment of negative pressure half-masks. Influence of the work conditions on comfort and efficiency.

The aim of this study was to assess the effects of work conditions on the acceptability and efficiency of respiratory protective devices (RPD). The subjective evaluation of comfort, protection, respiratory and visual constraint, and the acceptable duration of wear of six RPDs against dust was achieved by 30 workers during their actual work. Metabolic rate was evaluated for each worker, and dry and wet air temperatures measured in the work area. RPDs objective protection factor was measured during each of the 180 test periods. In the conditions of this study, the acceptable duration of wear was about 1 h. This duration and the comfort parameters were reduced when the air temperature increased. The younger workers and/or smokers were less sensitive to mask discomfort. Objective protection factors of the RPDs are reduced under warmer conditions, and when the metabolic rate is low. Finally, the results of this study also show the poor capacity of standardized leakage tests to assess the objective respiratory protection of workers in the field. Some hypotheses which can explain this fact are discussed.

Adult↗
PubMedDate not supplied

[Working conditions and morbidity of workers at the present-day shoe manufacturing factory].

Poor working factors of present-day industry (SALAMANDER technology) include high intensity of labour, monotonicity, forced posture, constant wide-range noise, fumes of organic solvents, dust of organic origin, etc. The working conditions in producing departments are considered to be of degrees of 1-3 of hazard class 3. The highest incidence rates were noted in age groups under 30 years and above 50 years and in workers with over 10-year length of service. There were prevalent acute respiratory diseases, influenza, osteomuscular and connective tissue, hypertensive and ENT diseases in the pattern of mortality with temporary disability. Comprehensive medical examinations revealed high incidence of ENT diseases due to exposure to chemical agents and organic dust.

Adult↗
PubMed1989

[Working conditions in the production of electron-tube glass].

The data on evaluation of working conditions in electron-tube glass production are presented. Major unfavourable factors, such as components of glass dust and their mixture, have been described. Approaches to standardization of electron-tube glass dust are set forth.

Air Pollutants, Occupational↗
PubMed1998

Learning, satisfaction, and mistreatment during medical internship: a national survey of working conditions.

CONTEXT: Concerns about the working and learning environment of residency training continue to surface. Previous surveys of residents have focused on work hours and income, but have shed little light on how residents view their training experience. OBJECTIVE: To provide a description of the internship year as seen by a large cross section of second-year residents. DESIGN: Mail survey conducted in 1991. SETTING: Residency programs in the United States. PARTICIPANTS: Random 10% sample (N=1773) of all second-year residents listed in the American Medical Association's medical research and information database. MAIN OUTCOME MEASURES: What and who contributes most to residents' learning during internships, degree of satisfaction with the internship experience, on-call and sleep schedules, incidents of perceived mistreatment or abuse, observations of unethical behavior, and experiences of harassment or discrimination. RESULTS: A total of 1277 surveys (72%) of 1773 mailed were returned. Overall, respondents reported a moderate level of satisfaction with their first year of residency. On a scale of 0 to 3, residents rated other residents as contributing most (score of 2.3) to their learning, with special patients ranked second (2.1). During a typical work week, residents reported that they spent an average of 56.9 hours on call in the hospital. A total of 1185 (93%) residents reported experiencing at least 1 incident of perceived mistreatment, with 53% reporting being belittled or humiliated by more senior residents. Among women residents, 63% reported having experienced at least 1 episode of sexual harassment or discrimination. A total of 45% of residents reported having observed another individual falsifying medical records, and 70% saw a colleague working in an impaired condition, most often lack of sleep. Regression analyses suggest that satisfaction with the residency experience was associated with the presence of factors that enhanced learning, and fewer experiences of perceived mistreatment. CONCLUSIONS: Residents report significant problems during their internship experience. Satisfaction with internship is enhanced by positive learning experiences and lack of mistreatment.

Attitude of Health Personnel↗
PubMed2002

Gender differences in the effects from working conditions on mental health: a 4-year follow-up.

OBJECTIVES: The overall aim was to examine how working conditions in 1993 influenced the occurrence of poor mental health in 1997 among women and men from the general population. Also, the relative importance of other living conditions in relation to poor mental health in 1997 was examined. METHODS: A sample from the general Swedish population (originally examined in 1969) was followed up in 1993 and 1997. Data from these follow-ups were analysed, and both bivariate and multivariate analyses of associations between occupational and non-occupational conditions in 1993 and poor mental health in 1997 -- defined as sub-clinical depression, reduced psychological well-being and high alcohol consumption -- were performed. RESULTS: Several occupational risk indicators were identified for poor mental health among women, especially sub-clinical depression and high alcohol consumption. Occupational factors such as shift work, job strain, no education at the employer's expense, low occupational pride, low stimulation at work and poor social support were related to poor mental health among women. For poor mental health among men, mainly sub-clinical depression, shift work and low occupational pride were identified as risk indicators. Non-occupational factors related to poor mental health among women were poor quality of social contacts, demanding life events, physical inactivity, high perceived physical load outside work and inadequate coping strategies. Among men, smoking and inadequate coping strategies were related to poor mental health. CONCLUSIONS: The difference between women and men, regarding the numbers of identified occupational and non-occupational risk indicators, may partly be explained by the gender-segregated labour market, and partly by other explanations. In our study, we have not succeeded in collecting the relevant information about occupational conditions that is important for men's mental health.

Adolescent↗