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PubMed1987

Two indirect tests of exocrine pancreatic function evaluated.

We describe and evaluate two frequently used indirect methods for assessing exocrine pancreatic function: the N-benzoyl-L-tyrosyl-p-aminobenzoic acid test (NBT-PABA) and the pancreolauryl test. In both procedures, the patient is orally administered a substrate that is metabolized into two or more products by pancreatic enzymes. At least one of the reaction products is absorbed from the gut, conjugated, and excreted in urine, where it can be measured. Both tests can be used in the diagnosis and monitoring of cystic fibrosis, chronic pancreatitis, and pancreatic carcinoma, and in monitoring pancreatic enzyme replacement therapy to determine the appropriate dose. In comparison with the NBT-PABA procedure, the pancreolauryl test seems to have better specificity and sensitivity, undergoes almost no interference from other drugs or serum compounds, requires no complex hydrolytic conditions, and is independent of renal function.

4-Aminobenzoic Acid↗
PubMed1985

Further evaluation of bentiromide in the diagnosis of canine exocrine pancreatic insufficiency.

The primary objective of this study was to evaluate the accuracy of the bentiromide test in differentiating between dogs with exocrine pancreatic insufficiency (EPI) and those with primary intestinal disease (PID). A secondary objective was to correlate the results of the commonly used diagnostic techniques with the results of the bentiromide test. This test consists of the oral administration of a synthetic peptide that is cleaved only by chymotrypsin. A subsequent rise in the plasma concentration of p-aminobenzoic acid (PABA) indicates the degree of cleavage, providing an in vivo assessment of chymotrypsin activity. Fourteen dogs with EPI and five dogs with PID were categorized on the basis of clinical signs, laboratory evaluations, and histologic examination of intestinal biopsies. Six normal dogs served as controls. The bentiromide test clearly identified the dogs with EPI and distinguished them from the dogs with PID and the control dogs. The results of the bentiromide test correlated well with the results of the clinical and laboratory evaluations. On the basis of these observations and conclusions, recommendations for the pragmatic application of the bentiromide test are offered.

4-Aminobenzoic Acid↗
PubMed1985

[Improvement in the specificity of the PABA test (PFT) by combined PABA peptide/D-xylose administration and serum kinetic measurement?].

To obtain higher specificity of peptide-PABA-test, an indirect pancreatic functions test, 150 mg N-BT-PABA together with 25 g D-Xylose in 300 ml tea were administered to a group of 68 persons. Maximal concentration of PABA and D-Xylose were investigated serum by time-concentration-curves 0, 60, 90, 120 and 150 min after test meal. Serum-PABA was found pathologically low in 18 of 20 patients with proofed chronic pancreatitis. In 16 of 17 patients with chronic pancreatitis serum-D-Xylose was normal. In a group of 39 patients, in which a pancreatic disease was excluded, PABA-serum-test showed no false-pathological results. In 7 patients with small-bowel diseases and pathological D-Xylose-test, PABA-serum-test was false-pathologically in 6/7 cases. By serum-PABA-time-concentration-curves there was a significant discrimination between patients with chronic pancreatitis and controls at 60, 90, 120 and 150 min (p less than 0.01), but early and late peak concentration of PABA was often found in the two groups. If the PABA-concentration was estimated only 120 min after test meal, diminished test-specificity was found. Peak-PABA-serum-concentration was significantly correlated with lipase output (p less than 0.001) and trypsin output (p = 0.01) at secretin-caerulein test, but PABA was only at low enzyme outputs pathological, showing a moderate sensitivity of test.

4-Aminobenzoic Acid↗
PubMed1985

Sunscreens block the induction of unscheduled DNA synthesis and the inhibition of DNA synthesis by UV-B radiation in normal human fibroblasts. A new way of evaluating sunscreen efficacy in vitro.

In order to evaluate the photoprotective efficacy of sunscreens against the chronic actinic damage, we tested 3 sunscreens for their ability to reduce the induction of unscheduled DNA synthesis (UDS) and to prevent the inhibition of semi-conservative DNA synthesis by medium wavelength ultraviolet (UV-B) radiation in the normal human cultured fibroblasts in vitro. The values obtained are correlated with the sun protection factors (SPF) expressing the erythema inhibition in normal human skin. All sunscreens tested showed a protective effect. The protective factor for the induction of UDS is 10.1 for Spectraban 15 (SPF 15), 3.6 for Spectraban 5.6 (SPF 5.6) and 1.9 for 2.5% Indomethacin solution, whereas the protective factor for the inhibition of semi-conservative DNA synthesis of 15.2, 3.9 and 2.1 for each sunscreen was evaluated. These methods seem to be useful as a screening procedure for the evaluation of sunscreen effectiveness against chronic actinic skin damage including light induced skin malignancies.

4-Aminobenzoic Acid↗
PubMed1985

[Modified ALTAB test in the diagnosis of exocrine pancreatic insufficiency].

The indirect estimation of chymotrypsin by the tubeless ALTAB-test was performed in 17 patients with well-defined exocrine pancreatic insufficiency, 10 of them after operation for chronic pancreatitis. In comparison with 12 healthy subjects the test proved to be a non-expensive, certain and specific method for detection of moderate and severe exocrine insufficiency. It exists positive correlations with the secretin-pancreocymine-test and with the maximal stimulable secretion of insulin. Therefore the ALTAB-test after operations with modified anatomy of the gastro-intestinal tract especially is able to substitute extensive testing of secretion in screening and controlling of progression. The value of the 3-hour serum level of PABA corresponds to the urine output within 6 hours. There are such advantages like independence from the kidney-function, avoidance of incomplete urine-collection and a considerable reduced test-time too.

4-Aminobenzoic Acid↗
PubMed1985

[Current status of intrathecal antifibrinolytic therapy with p-aminomethylbenzoic acid (PAMBA) in subarachnoid hemorrhages].

The blood-brain barrier is barely affected by slight or moderate subarachnoidal bleeding so that the p-aminomethylbenzoic acid (PAMBA) administered systemically for antifibrinolytic therapy does not attain the continuous level necessary in the cerebrospinal fluid. Thus the antifibrinolytic agent should be applied intrathecally because this would totally inhibit fibrinolytic activity in cerebrospinal fluid containing blood and during the wound healing of ruptured aneurysmas. The improvement in wound healing reduces the occurrence of rebleeding, especially during the first 10 days, and improves conditions for successful surgical intervention.

4-Aminobenzoic Acid↗
PubMed1979

Effect of intestinal gamma-glutamyl transferase inhibitor on the amount of gamma-glutamyl metabolites in mouse.

Experimental mice fed a balanced rodent chow, called LSM fodder, had markedly lower gamma-glutamyl transferase activity in the epithelium of intestinal villi then control mice fed wheat. After oral administration of gamma-14C-glutamyglycine, oxidized 14C-glutathione or gamma-glutamyl-p-amino-benzoate the amounts of gamma-glutamyl substrates and their metabolites in intestines, livers and kidneys of experimental mice were significantly lower than those in control mice. L-serine simultaneously administered with gamma-14C-glutamylglycine reduced the radioactivity of gamma-glutamyl substances in organs of the control mice. No differences in organ radioactivity of experimental and control mice were observed when some uniformly labeled with 14C amino acids were given. The obtained results are not in aggreement with hypothesis on a role of gamma-glutamyl transferase in amino acid transport.

4-Aminobenzoic Acid↗
PubMedDate not supplied

[Study of the histaminergic mechanisms of the action of malaben].

In rabbits (intact and with experimental myocardial infarction) histamine metabolism (histamine content and diaminoxidase activity) following introduction of malaben was studied. In intact animals the ability of malaben to reduce the blood histamine level and to activate diaminoxidase was discovered. Administration of malaben in experimental myocardial infarction promotes a quicker normalization of the disturbed metabolism of histamine.

4-Aminobenzoic Acid↗