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Results for “Axis, Cervical Vertebra”

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At least 307 records · Page 17Linked to original sources
PubMed1979

Unilateral lateral mass compression fractures of the axis.

Lateral mass compression fractures of the axis involve compression of the pedicle and displacement of the overlying facet, with or without an accompanying fracture of the odontoid. These unilateral fractures are not rare. Correlation is made between clinical cases and cadaver material with analysis of microradiographs. Criteria for recognition of the resultant healed fracture deformity include: (1) Tilting of the odontoid; (2) Loss of the odontoid shoulder on the affected side; (3) Increased downward slope of the affected facet; (4) Lateral compression, possibly with buckling; (5) Asymmetrical apophyseal joints between axis and atlas; and (6) Tilting downward of occiput on affected side, often with evidence of rotation between the occiput and the axis. Not all criteria need be present. Clinical sequelae often include persistent neck pain, limited rotation of the head, and occipital headaches radiating anteriorly.

Adult↗
PubMed1985

"V" shaped predens space.

"V" shaped widening of the predens space (PDS) in flexion can be a worrisome finding in trauma patients, possibly representing injury to the transverse ligament. These patients may also show widening of the C-1/C-2 interspinous distance. We think this appearance is usually due to increased flexion mobility at the atlantoaxial level with developmental elongation or laxity of the cranial end of the transverse ligament and/or the posterior ligamentous complex. Tearing of only the cranial end of the transverse ligament must be extremely rare, if it occurs at all; there is no reported proven case. Tearing of only posterior ligaments seems possible and should be evaluated clinically.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1979

The radiology of rheumatoid involvement of the cervical spine.

The radiological features of cervical spine involvement in rheumatoid arthritis are described. These include atlanto-axial subluxation, in both the horizontal and vertical planes, sub-axial dislocation, erosions, and vertebral end plate sclerosis. Detailed radiological investigation, using inclined plane radiography, auto-tomography, tomography, and myelography may all be required to demonstrate the abnormalities. Disorders of mobility can only be assessed with dynamic views and fluoroscopy and the mechanics of these derangements vary depending on the type of subluxation encountered. The cumulative effects of the lesions conform to certain characteristic patterns and include marked reduction of neck height, disorders of mobility, and changes in the capacity of the spinal canal. The discrepancy between these changes and the clinical and neurological findings is discussed.

Arthritis, Rheumatoid↗
PubMed1984

Fusion of the anterior arch of the atlas and dens.

Seven cases of fusion of the anterior arch of the atlas to the dens have been described in the English literature. This anomaly alone is stable. A new case of this rare anomaly incidentally discovered in a patient examined for trauma is presented.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1982

Posterior atlanto-axial fusion: a new compression clamp for laminar osteosynthesis.

A new method of dorsal arthrodesis in patients with atlanto-axial instability of different etiology is described. In three patients solid laminar osteosynthesis C1/C2 was achieved by insertion of an autogenous cortico-cancellous bone graft into the interlaminar space and by a bilateral application of the lately developed metal clamp. The technical principles of the clamp guarantee a permanent pressure on the graft and a solid initial stability in the segment. Additional external fixation and immobilization of the patient are not necessary. Complications as known from other procedures of the atlanto-axial dorsal fusion will be prevented efficiently.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1986

Quincke's edema in a dialysis patient after administration of acrylic bone cement: possible role of ethylene oxide allergy.

A 33-year-old female dialysis patient suffered from osteomyelitis and luxation of the dens axis with cervical myelopathy. In the past she had had three attacks of anaphylaxis after treatment with dialyzers that had been sterilized with ethylene oxide. IgE-type antibodies directed against human serum albumin-ethylene oxide complexes could be demonstrated in the patient's serum by radioallergosorbent techniques. Immediately after an operation in which acrylic bone cement (Palacos-R) sterilized with ethylene oxide was implanted for stabilization of the cervical spine, the patient developed massive edema of the larynx, pharynx, and tongue, suggesting Quincke's edema. It is concluded that ethylene oxide present in acrylic bone cement may induce acute allergic reactions in sensitized patients. Dialysis patients may be at special risk, since the incidence of ethylene oxide allergy in this patient population is about 10%.

Adult↗
PubMed1980

Strain on the interarticular stress distribution. Measurements regarding the development of spondylolysis.

In discussion the aetiology of spondylolysis, attention has been increasingly directed to the biomechanics of the lumbar vertebral column and the lumbo-sacral transition. The theory of a traumatic induction of spondylolysis was tested with stress distribution measurements on the vertebral column of cadavers. Using stretch measuring strips it was possible to investigate, the strain exerted upon the interarticular portion of the intact lumbar vertebral column preparation. A particular strain upon the pars interarticularis occurs through hyperextension, axial stress and torsion of the lumbar vertebral column. It is worth to be mentioned that force transmission within the vertebral arch structures is influenced by the positioning of the vertebral arch joints. Sagittaly positioned vertebral arch joints lead to a greater strain exerted upon the interarticular portion. Our results have to be compared with those of others, who are of the opinion that spondylolysis is a condition resulting from a fatique fracture.

Axis, Cervical Vertebra↗