SEARCH · PubMed Health

Results for “Behavioral problems”

Explore indexed PubMed citations for clinical trials, systematic reviews and public health research. Read source abstracts and follow each citation to its original PubMed record.

Quote a phrase for an exact phrase match. Source license links do not imply unrestricted reuse.

At least 307 records · Page 17Linked to original sources

PubMed1996

Patterns of adolescent involvement in problem behaviors: relationship to self-efficacy, social competence, and life events.

Using a sample of 556 adolescents from a suburban community, patterns of various adolescent problem behaviors (e.g., delinquent behavior, smoking, use of alcohol or drugs) and their links to self-efficacy, social competence, and life events were examined. Cluster analysis was conducted to identify four subgroups of adolescents who showed distinct patterns of problem behaviors. These clusters were compared on the measures of self-efficacy, social competence, and life events. Overall results suggest there are meaningful links between adolescents' problem behavior patterns and self-efficacy, the amount and quality of participation in various after school activities, and life events. For example, a subgroup of adolescents who showed uniformly low prevalence of all problem behaviors reported more positive academic self-efficacy, more active participation in sports and nonsports activities, more positive life events, and fewer negative events than adolescents who were involved in multiple problem behaviors. Implications for prevention and future research on adolescent problem behaviors are discussed.

Adolescent↗

PubMed2004

Do deviant peer associations mediate the contributions of self-esteem to problem behavior during early adolescence? A 2-year longitudinal study.

We investigated deviant peer associations as a mediator of the influences of general and peer-oriented self-esteem on problem behavior using data from a 2-year longitudinal study of 350 young adolescents. Measures of problem behavior included substance use (alcohol use, smoking) and antisocial behavior (fighting, stealing). Using latent growth curve modeling and covariance structure analysis, an extension of a model proposed by DuBois et al. (2002) was evaluated for each type of problem behavior. Findings revealed that lower general self-esteem and greater peer orientation in self-esteem each predicted deviant associations with peers and that deviant peer associations, in turn, were associated with higher levels and rates of change in problem behavior. Deviant peer associations mediated the associations of general and peer-oriented self-esteem with levels and rates of change in problem behavior such that direct paths from self-esteem to problem behavior generally were nonsignificant.

Adolescent↗

PubMed2001

Internalizing behavior problems and scholastic achievement in children: cognitive and behavioral pathways as mediators of outcome.

Examined a conceptual model in which dual developmental pathways (behavioral and cognitive) are hypothesized to account for the relation among internalizing behavior problems, intelligence, and later scholastic achievement using a cross-sectional sample of 325 children. Classroom behavior and select aspects of cognitive functioning (vigilance, short-term memory) were hypothesized to mediate the relations among internalizing problems, IQ, and long-term scholastic achievement. Hierarchical tests applied to a nested series of models demonstrated that (a) individual differences in measured intelligence among children are associated with variations in classroom performance and cognitive functioning, (b) classroom performance and cognitive functioning make unique contributions to prediction of later achievement over and above the influence of intelligence, (c) anxious/depressive features are correlated but separable constructs, and (d) anxiety/depression and withdrawal contribute to prediction of classroom performance and cognitive functioning over and above the effects of intelligence. Classroom performance and cognitive functioning thus appear to mediate the effects of internalizing behaviors as well as intelligence. Particular attention to the presence and potential impact of social withdrawal on children's functioning, both alone and concomitant with anxiety/depression, appears warranted during the course of clinical evaluations owing to the strong continuity among these variables.

Adolescent↗

PubMed1998

Family moderators of the relation between hassles and behavior problems in inner-city youth.

Examined family moderators of the relation between everyday stressors (hassles) and behavior problems in 99 inner-city children (ages 8-12 years, M = 10.7) and their caregivers. In separate home interviews children reported on their everyday stress, perceived support from mother, and adjustment problems; mothers reported on family demographics, major life stressors, family interaction patterns, and child adjustment difficulties. Higher levels of cohesion and routines attenuated the relation between hassles and both internalizing and externalizing problem behaviors, whereas high family conflict exacerbated the risk for adjustment difficulties. For externalizing behavior, higher levels of family adaptability protected children from the impact of daily hassles. Social support from the mother did not moderate the hassle-adjustment association. Implications for interventions with families are discussed.

Adaptation, Psychological↗

PubMed1995

Mother and teacher assessments of behavior problems in abused children.

OBJECTIVE: Mother and teacher ratings of behavior problems in abused and nonabused children were compared. The extent to which ratings were related to maternal depressive symptoms was examined. METHOD: The sample for this report consists of 172 elementary school-age abused children and a matched comparison group of 155 nonabused children. Maternal and teacher ratings of child behavior were obtained with the parent and teacher versions of the Achenbach Child Behavior Checklist. Maternal depressive symptomatology was assessed with the CES-Depression Scale. RESULTS: Mothers and teachers rated abused children, both boys and girls, as having greater behavior problems than nonabused children, with abused boys having more problems than abused girls. Regardless of abuse status, there were no significant differences by rater. Maternal depressive symptomatology had independent effects on maternal ratings but was not related to teacher ratings. The combination of abuse and maternal depressed mood resulted in the greatest problems for children. Both raters reported greater problems in the clinical range for abused boys than for nonabused boys. Few differences were noted between abused and nonabused girls for clinical problems. CONCLUSIONS: Intervention strategies for abused children must address their behavioral problems and must consider the extent of depressive symptoms in the children's mothers.

Analysis of Variance↗

PubMed2004

Functional assessment of problem behaviors in adults with mental retardation.

Functional assessment has significantly improved the success of behavioral treatment of problem behaviors in adults with mental retardation. Functional assessment methods (i.e., techniques that yield a hypothesis of functional relationships) include direct observation, interviews, and checklists. Functional analysis consists of empirical methods that demonstrate behavioral function in controlled settings. Each method has advantages and limitations that reflect differences in both available resources and individual client characteristics. These methods and issues are reviewed, and future directions for both the research field and the adult population are suggested.

Adult↗

PubMedDate not supplied

Increase in child behavior problems resulting from maternal smoking during pregnancy.

In this article, the authors investigated the effect of maternal smoking during pregnancy on behavioral problems, which were not mediated by lower birth weight, in offspring at 3 y of age. The authors used the Child Behavior Checklist for ages 2-3 y (CBCL/2-3; Achenbach, Edelbrock and Howell) to assess behavioral problems in 1,377 2- to 3-y-old healthy twin pairs. Soon after the birth of twins, the authors collected pre- and perinatal information, including smoking habits of the mother during pregnancy. The question "Did you smoke during pregnancy?" could be answered by choosing one of three possible options: (1) never, (2) sometimes, or (3) regularly. The authors analyzed the effect of maternal smoking on the Child Behavioral Checklist total score and on several subscale scores for first- and second-born twins separately, and they adjusted for the possible confounding effects of birth weight, socioeconomic status, maternal age, and having been breast- or bottle-fed. There was a significant effect of maternal smoking on so-called externalizing behavior problems (oppositional, aggressive, overactive), but not on internalizing behavior problems (withdrawn, depressed, anxious), in both first- and second-born twins. The authors primarily attributed the enhanced externalizing problems to increased aggression. Although boys had higher externalizing (and aggression) scores than girls, the effect of maternal smoking was the same for boys and girls. The authors also discuss whether maternal smoking causes externalizing behavior problems.

Birth Weight↗

PubMed1997

Increased behavior problems associated with delayed school entry and delayed school progress.

OBJECTIVE: To investigate whether students who are old-for-grade have higher rates of reported behavior problems and to investigate whether this association is independent of having been retained a grade in school. METHODS: Cross-sectional analyses of parental reports from the nationally representative sample of 9079 children ages 7 to 17 years who participated in the Child Health Supplement to the 1988 National Health Interview Survey. Students older than the modal age for their grade were considered old-for-grade, either due to delayed school entry (those without grade retention) or to delayed school progress (with history of grade retention). Behavior problems were defined as scores >90th percentile on a well-utilized, standardized Behavior Problem Index (BPI). RESULTS: Twenty-six percent of 7- to 17-year-old children in the United States are old-for-grade. Being old-for-grade is more common in males (31%), blacks (33%), Hispanics (32%), those living in single-parent households (31%) or poverty (43%), and those with mothers with low educational attainment (42%). Most children (84%) who repeated a grade are old-for-grade, but only 54% of old-for-grade students have been retained. For children who were old-for-grade, 19% of those grade-retained and 12% of those nonretained had extreme BPI scores, and for those not old-for-grade, 17% of grade-retained and 7% of nonretained children had extreme BPI scores. Although rates of extreme BPI scores were consistently lower for children who were neither old-for-grade nor grade-retained, and consistently higher for those with both, these rates increased with age for children who were old-for-grade without being retained. Controlling for multiple potential confounders with logistic regression, both old-for-grade status and grade retention are independently associated with increased rates of behavior problems. Separate logistic regression analyses for blacks and whites showed that these findings pertained only to white children. CONCLUSIONS: Whereas grade retention is associated with increased rates of behavior problems in children and adolescents, simply being older than others in one's class, without having experienced grade retention, is also associated with increased rates of behavior problems, most noticeably among adolescents. These data suggest that there may be latent adverse behavioral outcomes that result from delaying children's school entry.

Adolescent↗

PubMed1999

Relations among child language skills, maternal socialization of emotion regulation, and child behavior problems.

Research has linked language delays in young children to behavior problems and risk for psychopathology. We hypothesized that low language skill would affect normal socialization of emotion regulation, which in turn would affect the development of behavior problems. Seventy-eight mother/preschool-age child pairs participated in two mildly frustrating situations. Parents of children with low verbal comprehension used more unexplained compliance demands than other parents. Further, children whose parents used more unexplained compliance demands used fewer cognitive and distraction strategies, and more instrumental strategies. Children's use of physical self-comforting was positively related to overall, internalizing, and externalizing behavior problems. Findings supported the original hypothesis.

Adult↗

PubMed2000

Parenting practices and child disruptive behavior problems in early elementary school. Conduct Problems Prevention Research Group.

Examined the hypothesis that distinct parenting practices may be associated with type and profile of a child's disruptive behavior problems (e.g., oppositional, aggressive, hyperactive). Parents of 631 behaviorally disruptive children described the extent to which they experienced warm and involved interactions with their children and the extent to which their discipline strategies were inconsistent and punitive and involved spanking and physical aggression. As expected from a developmental perspective, parenting practices that included punitive interactions were associated with elevated rates of all child disruptive behavior problems. Low levels of warm involvement were particularly characteristic of parents of children who showed elevated levels of oppositional behaviors. Physically aggressive parenting was linked more specifically with child aggression. In general, parenting practices contributed more to the prediction of oppositional and aggressive behavior problems than to hyperactive behavior problems, and parenting influences were fairly consistent across ethnic groups and sex.

Age Factors↗

PubMedDate not supplied

Effects of prenatal marijuana exposure on child behavior problems at age 10.

This is a prospective study of the effects of prenatal marijuana exposure on child behavior problems at age 10. The sample consisted of low-income women attending a prenatal clinic. Half of the women were African-American and half were Caucasian. The majority of the women decreased their use of marijuana during pregnancy. The assessments of child behavior problems included the Child Behavior Checklist (CBCL), Teacher's Report Form (TRF), and the Swanson, Noland, and Pelham (SNAP) checklist. Multiple and logistic regressions were employed to analyze the relations between marijuana use and behavior problems of the children, while controlling for the effects of other extraneous variables. Prenatal marijuana use was significantly related to increased hyperactivity, impulsivity, and inattention symptoms as measured by the SNAP, increased delinquency as measured by the CBCL, and increased delinquency and externalizing problems as measured by the TRF. The pathway between prenatal marijuana exposure and delinquency was mediated by the effects of marijuana exposure on inattention symptoms. These findings indicate that prenatal marijuana exposure has an effect on child behavior problems at age 10.

Adult↗

PubMed1999

Adolescent problem behavior: the influence of parents and peers.

This paper presents evidence that the Patterson et al. (1992) model of development of antisocial behavior in children generalizes to the development of a wide array of problem behaviors during later adolescence and that youth antisocial behavior, high-risk sexual behavior, academic failure and substance use form a single problem behavior construct. Structural equation modeling methods were applied to 24-month longitudinal data from 204 adolescents and parents. The model fit the data well, accounting for 52% of the variance in adolescent problem behavior. Specifically, families experiencing high levels of conflict were more likely to have low levels of parent-child involvement. These family conditions were related to poor parental monitoring and association with deviant peers one year later. Poor parental monitoring and associations with deviant peers were strong proximal predictors of engagement in an array of problem behaviors at two-year follow-up.

Adolescent↗

PubMed2006

[Association of the behavior problems of school-age children with gender, age and registered permanent residence].

OBJECTIVE: To assess whether and how the prevalence of behavior problems among the school-age children are associated with their gender, age and registered permanent residence. METHODS: The behavior problems in 2156 children were estimated with the aid of Rutter Parent Questionnaire (RA2) and Rutter Teacher Questionnaire (RB2) from September to October 2004. RESULTS: The prevalence rates of children having behavior problems were 13.5% in RA2 and 13.8% in RB2, and these were higher in boys than in girls (RA2:1.79; RB2: 2.82). According to parents' and teachers' assessments, the highest positive rates in grades were 16.3% in grade 2 and 15.1% in grade 4, and the highest positive rates among the three groups of permanent residence were 16.3% in rural children and 19.5% in urban pupils. In multivariate logistic regression analyses, the significant positive correlates were male, urban for antisocial behavior and male for neurotic behavior in RA2, and male, urban and higher grade for all behavior problems in RB2. CONCLUSION: The detected rate of behavior problems among school-age children in Zhejiang province was higher than that reported by other researchers. The differences of gender, age, and registered permanent residence were significant in both RA2 and RB2. Male, urban and higher grade children should be an important group of school-age children in need of guidance with mental health.

Age Factors↗

PubMed2004

Behavior problems antecede the development of wheeze in childhood: a birth cohort study.

RATIONALE: It is not clear to what extent behavior problems observed in children with asthma antecede asthma development, or are a consequence of the disease. OBJECTIVES: We investigated psychologic factors at age 3 years and subsequent development of wheeze by age 5 in an unselected birth cohort study. Children were recruited prenatally, followed prospectively, and reviewed at age 3 and 5 years. The rate of significant behavior problems at age 3 (above the clinically relevant cut-off on the Eyberg Child Behavior Inventory) was compared between children who had never wheezed (n = 397) and those developing late-onset wheezing (after age 3 years; n = 39). Late-onset wheezers were more likely to be above cut-offs for behavior problems at 3 years (before wheeze onset), compared with children who never wheezed, on Intensity (23.1% vs. 6.0%, p < 0.001) and Problem scores (10.8% vs. 1.3%, p < 0.001). Families of late-onset wheezers had poorer scores on family functioning variables, but we found no evidence of increased anxiety or depression scores in parents. In the multivariate analysis, significant and independent associates of late-onset wheeze were as follows: maternal asthma (odds ratio [OR] 5.4, 95% confidence intervals [CI] 2.1-13.8, p < 0.001), maternal smoking when child was 3 years (OR 3.3, CI 1.2-8.7, p = 0.02), expressiveness (OR 0.71, CI 0.55-0.9, p = 0.005), and significant behavior problems at age 3 years (OR 3.5, CI 1.2-9.9, p = 0.02). CONCLUSIONS: Behavior problems in early life are associated with increased risk of subsequent development of wheeze.

Age of Onset↗

PubMed1980

Prevalence of behavior problems in 3-year-old children. A cross-national replication.

The prevalence of behavior problems in three-year-old children in a rural American community was determined from the reports of mothers. A questionnaire based on a "symptom loading" approach to screening was used. This method was previously used in an epidemiological study of behavior problems in 3-year-olds in London. The present study estimated the prevalence of behavior problems to be slightly less compared with the best estimate in the London study. As in the London study, social class and sex differences were not found to relate significantly to the presence of behavior problems. There were also similarities in the prevalence of individual behavioral items on the questionnaire. A simple parent questionnaire worked as well in a population with different demographic features as it did in the population for which it was originally designed.

Child Behavior Disorders↗

PubMedDate not supplied

Behavior problems among children from different family structures: the influence of genetic self-selection.

To examine both genetic and environmental influences on children's behavior problems in households defined by marital status and sibling relatedness, this study applied behavioral genetic methodology to four groups totalling 1524 sibling pairs drawn from 796 households: (1) two-parent full siblings, (2) two-parent half siblings, (3) mother-only full siblings, and (4) mother-only half siblings. Model-fitting procedures found that within-group variation on four subscales from the Behavior Problems Index was best explained by a model including both genetic and shared environmental factors. This model was then fit to the behavior problems means of the four groups. Its successful fit to these mean structures suggested that mean-level differences between groups were explained with the same influences that accounted for within-group variation. Genetic influences accounted for 81% to 94% of the mean-level difference in behavior problems between the two-parent, full sibling and the mother-only, half sibling groups. In contrast, shared environmental influences accounted for 67% to 88% of the mean-level difference in behavior problems between the two-parent, full sibling and mother-only, full sibling groups. The genetic influences are interpreted in terms of genetic self-selection into family structures.

Adolescent↗

PubMed1983

Parental characteristics and interactional dysfunction in families with child behavior problems: a preliminary investigation.

Thirty-six families with a preteenage behavior problem child were assessed on measures of marital discord, parental psychopathology, and three parental cognitive factors: knowledge of behavioral principles, tolerance for child deviancy, and expectations regarding their child's behavior. Nine nonproblem families with demographic characteristics similar to the problem families were also assessed. Correlational analyses across all families revealed a strong association between marital discord and the parental index of child behavior problems. While a number of significant associations were discovered between the various measures of marital discord, parental psychopathology, and parental cognitive factors, no other measure besides marital discord was associated with parental perception of child behavior problems. The nonproblem families and 15 of the problem families also participated in home observations obtained through random audio recordings during high interaction periods. These observational data indicated a significant relationship between parental perception of child behavior problems and parental negative behavior toward the child, but no significant relationship between parental perception of child behavior problems and child behavior, even when child behavior was weighted by parents' reactions to that behavior. Through sequential analysis, several contingent relations between parent and child behavior were discovered. Findings are discussed in relation to family systems theory.

Aggression↗

PubMed2006

Social behavior problems in boys with Duchenne muscular dystrophy.

Duchenne muscular dystrophy (DMD) is a chronic, progressive pediatric disease that affects both muscle and brain. The objectives of the study were to examine parent reported behavior in children with DMD, investigate the influence of chronic illness, intellectual ability and etiology on behavior, and determine whether a specific behavioral profile is associated with DMD. Parental ratings of boys with DMD (n = 181) on the Child Behavior Checklist behavior scales were examined and compared to reported findings of children with other chronic illnesses, unaffected siblings of boys with DMD (n = 86), and children with cerebral palsy (CP) (n = 42). Increased ratings of general behavior problems were reported, and neither physical progression nor intellectual level contributed to behavioral ratings. Among the children with DMD, the Social Problem behavior scale had the greatest number of "clinically significant" ratings (34%). Between-group comparisons showed significantly more boys with DMD were rated as having social behavior problems than either the sibling or CP comparison groups. In addition to the increase in reported behavioral problems likely related to the effects of chronic illness, boys with DMD may be at heightened risk for specific social behavior problems. The specificity of the findings of the behavior profile in DMD may be partially due to the lack of dystrophin isoforms in the central nervous system, and not solely a reactive response to the illness.

Adolescent↗