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PubMed1990

Cerebrospinal fluid proteins and free amino acids in patients with solvent induced chronic toxic encephalopathy and healthy controls.

The concentrations of protein, albumin, IgG, and free amino acids in the cerebrospinal fluid of 16 patients with chronic toxic encephalopathy due to organic solvents were measured. The patient group consisted of all patients with this diagnosis in a neurological department in 1985. The diagnosis was based on neuraesthenic symptoms, pathological psychometric performance, and verified exposure to neurotoxic organic solvents. A control group of 16 patients with myalgias or backache, or both, and no signs of disease was used for comparison. The purpose was to study possible changes in the cerebrospinal fluid that might contribute to understanding the aetiology of solvent induced chronic toxic encephalopathy. A rise in protein, albumin, and IgG was found in the patient group compared with the control group, as well as reduced concentrations of phosphoethanolamine, taurine, homocarnosine, ethanolamine, alpha-aminobutyric acid, and leucine. Using a stepwise multiple regression analysis, taurine was negatively correlated to exposure to solvents. These findings may indicate membrane alterations in the central nervous system related to exposure to organic solvents.

Aged↗
PubMed2004

[Extraordinary high cerebrospinal fluid protein in two cases of intracranial hypotension syndrome].

Intracranial hypotension is a rare cause of chronic headache. Although there is still debate about the aetiology, it is believed that the syndrome is caused by low cerebrospinal fluid volumes due to dural leakage. Such leakages can occur spontaneously after lumbar puncture or surgical or traumatic opening of the dura. In magnetic resonance contrast imaging, diffuse meningeal enhancement can be seen; usually the pressure at the cerebrospinal opening is lower than normal. Sometimes a pleocytosis and, in most cases, increased protein content can be identified in the CSF. These protein levels most frequently range between 0.5 g/l and 2 g/l. Here we describe two patients with typical clinical signs and neuroradiological alterations of intracranial hypotension syndrome but with extraordinarily high CSF protein levels (8.3 g/l and 9.63 g/l). On the basis of these findings, the putative causes of elevated CSF protein contents are discussed.

Cerebrospinal Fluid Proteins↗
PubMed1992

Cerebrospinal fluid protein variations in common to Alzheimer's disease and schizophrenia.

Analysis of silver stained two-dimensional (2D) gels of cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) from 27 patients with schizophrenia (SCZ) and 10 patients with Alzheimer's disease (AD) revealed an increase in the relative amount of a polypeptide of 18,000M(r) and isoelectric point of 6.5 when compared to the appropriate controls. This protein was identified by its electrophoretic characteristics and by immune analysis of Western blots as an isoform of alpha-2 haptoglobin, provisionally identified as alpha-2FS haptoglobin. Alzheimer's disease versus control CSF samples showed a 6.8-fold increase in the percent mean density value of this haptoglobin isoform (n = 10 AD vs 11 control; P > 0.025) while a 4.4-fold increase was observed in the schizophrenic patients (n = 17 SCZ vs 10 control; P > 0.001). Two additional polypeptides (proteins '127' and '128') of 40,000 M(r) and isoelectric points 5.7 and 5.9, respectively, described previously by this laboratory, were found in the CSF of 27% of schizophrenics, 23% of the Alzheimer's disease patients, and 4% of the controls in the current study. The presence of proteins 127 and 128, as well as the increased concentrations of alpha-2 haptoglobin in the CSF of Alzheimer's disease and schizophrenic patients, may be useful as diagnostic biological markers. They may also indicate a common pathophysiology between these diseases.

Acute-Phase Proteins↗
PubMed1988

[Cerebrospinal fluid proteins form the colloidal benzoin reaction to the present: a study of intrathecal immunity].

The benzoin reaction, described by Guillain, Laroche and Lechelle (1920) was probably the first test evaluating local (intrathecal) immunity in inflammatory diseases of the nervous system. Significant advances have taken place during the past 25 years: 1) Exact and precise determination of cerebrospinal fluid total protein by Lowry's method, and separation of gamma-globulins by precipitation or electrophoresis with identification of the oligoclonal aspect, the picture of intrathecal IgG synthesis. 2) Immunochemical determination of immunoglobulins and complement components by electro-immunodiffusion and detection of intrathecal anti-nucleic acid antibody synthesis. Different empirical formulae have been proposed to evaluate the intrathecal immunity. This evaluation allows: 1) a neuro-immunological classification of cerebrospinal fluid patterns. 2) a better appreciation of evolutivity in some neuro-immunological diseases (e.g. multiple sclerosis). 3) an evaluation of the antibody specific activity (ASA) and a comparison between this ASA in plasmatic and in intrathecally synthesized IgG. The study of complement components, also, can give some informations on the evolutivity of the immunological processus, suggesting, in some patients, an intrathecal formation of immune-complexes.

Benzoin↗
PubMed1986

The cerebrospinal fluid proteins in multiple sclerosis.

A specific and reliable diagnostic test for MS does not currently exist. However, most patients afflicted with this disorder demonstrate both qualitative and quantitative changes in CSF proteins. An abnormal immunoglobulin fraction synthesized within the CNS is frequently found to be electrophoretically distinct from other proteins of the CSF and quantifiable according to different formulas. Although an etiologic antigen has not been implicated as yet, these findings provide compelling evidence to support an immunopathologic basis for MS.

Blood Proteins↗