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At least 307 records · Page 17Linked to original sources
PubMed1968

Perforation of the bowel in the newborn as a complication of exchange transfusion.

Spontaneous perforation of the bowel without evidence of intestinal obstruction is reported in six infants who had exchange transfusions for rhesus incompatibility, and in a seventh who had prolonged intravenous fluids via the umbilical vein. The pathological findings resemble those found in acute necrotizing enterocolitis in adults, which is known to be associated with arterial hypotension. The cause in these infants may also be due to a period of hypotension during the transfusion, and hypoxia and superimposed infection may also play an important part.

Enterocolitis, Pseudomembranous↗
PubMed2006

Thallium toxicosis in a Pit Bull Terrier.

Thallotoxicosis is described in an adult Pit Bull Terrier. The dog exhibited anorexia, emesis, weakness, conscious proprioceptive deficits, and a hemorrhagic diarrhea before death. A severe, acute necrotizing enterocolitis was evident upon histological examination, as was a multifocal to coalescing pulmonary edema. Liver and kidney thallium concentrations were 18 and 26 ppm, respectively. The source of the thallium was determined to be thallium sulfate obtained by a person with the intent to harm family members. Although thallium has not been produced in the United States for 20 years, this report demonstrates the need to consider thallium toxicosis as a differential diagnosis for animals presenting with vague and mixed gastrointestinal and neurological signs.

Animals↗
PubMed2000

Malignant primary hypertension in pregnancy treated with lisinopril.

OBJECTIVE: To report a case of a patient treated with an angiotensin-converting enzyme (ACE) inhibitor with a good neonatal outcome. CASE REPORT: A 39-year-old African-Caribbean patient who had chronic hypertension presented at 18 weeks' gestation with acute hypertension. She was being treated for chronic hypertension with lisinopril, but had self-discontinued treatment. Attempts to control her hypertension with labetolol, nifedipine, and methyldopa were ineffective. She was therefore offered termination of pregnancy so treatment with lisinopril could be restarted. The patient elected to continue with the pregnancy in spite of the fetal risks associated with the use of an ACE inhibitor. She was delivered of a girl at 26 weeks' gestation. The baby initially had renal failure and also developed acute necrotizing enterocolitis. The renal failure improved simultaneously with the latter complication, and it is postulated that there was enteric excretion of lisinopril. The baby was discharged home on day 102 with no further complications. DISCUSSION: ACE inhibitors are acceptable medications to use in the first trimester of pregnancy; however, fetal malformations and neonatal complications have been associated with their use later in pregnancy, and they have a perinatal mortality rate of 97/1000. Lisinopril is excreted in urine and feces unchanged, and its half-life is prolonged in anuric neonates. Peritoneal dialysis eliminates lisinopril; however, this neonate improved after treatment for necrotizing enterocolitis and simultaneous improvement in bowel function. CONCLUSIONS: ACE inhibitors should not be used in pregnancy beyond the end of the first trimester. In exceptional cases, they may be indicated for the control of severe hypertension when the patient is refractory to other medications. The patient should be fully counseled about the adverse effect profile and neonatal outcome. This case report documents a successful outcome for mother and baby in these circumstances.

Adult↗
PubMed1992

[Schoenlein-Henoch syndrome and salmonella infection: a new association?].

Schoenlein-Henoch's disease has a immunological pathogenesis (mediated by immunocomplexes), is characterised by a number of differently associated signs and symptoms, and leads to the possible involvement of the cutis, joints, abdomen and kidneys. Two cases of Schoenlein-Henoch's disease associated with acute salmonella enterocolitis were recently brought to our attention. In two girls, aged 2 years and 8 months and 13 months respectively, the onset of diarrheic alvus was followed, after an interval of 4-5 days, by the sudden appearance of pompho-erythemato-hemorrhagic and petechial cutaneous lesions localised symmetrically on the extensor surfaces of the lower limbs and buttocks, and accompanied in the first case by intense abdominal pain and in the second by diffuse arthralgia, with predominant involvement of the tibio-tarsal joints. Laboratory tests showed slight alterations of phlogosis indexes and high levels of serum IgA (182 and 204 mg/dl respectively). The examination of feces showed the presence of occult blood and salmonella (belonging to C and D groups respectively) were isolated in the coproculture. Other culture and serological tests carried out while in hospital were negative. The clinical manifestations gradually resolved within the space of two weeks following the normalisation of the alvus obtained after a few days using dietary regulation. After two months the girls were found negative on clinical examination; in the second case described there was a positive response to Widal's reaction with high antibody titres against both O and H antigens, whereas the coproculture continued to be positive for Salmonella.(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS)

Child, Preschool↗