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At least 307 records · Page 17Linked to original sources

PubMed1995

Surgical treatment of jugular foramen schwannomas.

Sixteen patients with schwannomas of the jugular foramen were operated on in the Department of Neurosurgery of the Nordstadt Hospital in Hannover, Germany, between 1986 and 1992. Patients with neurofibromatosis were excluded. The records of the 16 patients were retrospectively reviewed. There were five women and 11 men (mean age 43 years) with a symptom duration ranging from 6 months to 20 years (mean 5 years). The predominant symptoms were hearing loss, hoarseness, and cerebellar symptoms. Computerized tomography (CT), magnetic resonance (MR) imaging, and angiography were performed in all 16 patients. Depending on the radiological and surgical features, the tumors were classified into four types: Type A, a tumor primarily at the cerebellopontine angle with minimal enlargement of the jugular foramen (eight cases); Type B, a tumor primarily at the jugular foramen with intracranial extension (two cases); Type C, a primarily extracranial tumor with extension into the jugular foramen (one case); and Type D, a dumbbell-shaped tumor with both intra- and extracranial components (five cases). A retromastoid suboccipital craniectomy was performed for Type A tumors, and a combined cervical-mastoidectomy for Types B, C, and D. Total tumor removal was achieved in all cases. There was no operative mortality. Postoperative complications were cerebrospinal fluid leakage in one patient and mastoiditis in two patients. The follow-up period ranged from 12 to 42 months (mean 22 months). All patients were alive at the last follow-up review, and CT and/or MR imaging showed no tumor recurrence.

Adult↗

PubMed1996

Jugular foramen neurilemmoma mimicking an intra-axial brainstem tumor--a case report.

Jugular foramen neurilemmoma is frequently manifested as a jugular foramen syndrome or extraaxial mass. Neurilemmoma arising from the cranial nerves of the foramen, although rare, may be manifestated as an intracranial or extracranial mass lesion. When the tumor is located only in the intracranium, it is often misdiagnosed as an acoustic neurinoma or a brainstem tumor because of their similarity in clinical or radiological findings. We present a rare case of jugular foramen neurilemmoma with only intracranial extension with clinical and radiologic features of an intra-axial brainstem tumor.

Brain Neoplasms↗

PubMed2002

Sonographic imaging of foramen ovale electrodes.

OBJECTIVE: In patients with medically intractable partial epilepsy of mesiotemporal origin, video electroencephalographic monitoring with foramen ovale electrodes is necessary to plan neurosurgical interventions. Imaging of these electrodes after implantation hitherto required conventional radiography, magnetic resonance imaging, or computed tomography of the skull. These methods are expensive. Therefore, the aim of our work was to show the capability of more cost-effective transcranial B-mode sonography for visualization of the electrodes. METHODS: In this pilot study, a 42-year-old female patient with implanted foramen ovale electrodes was examined transtemporally with a 2-MHz sector transducer to visualize the intracranially implanted electroencephalographic recording device. RESULTS: Foramen ovale electrodes could be detected easily in the patient, and bedside monitoring of explantation was possible. CONCLUSIONS: We were able to show the applicability of transcranial B-mode sonography for visualization of foramen ovale electrodes in preoperative electroencephalographic monitoring of patients with epilepsy. Further evaluation of this method in additional patients will follow.

Adult↗

PubMed1999

Contrast echocardiography and transcranial Doppler sonography for detection of a patent foramen ovale.

We report the case of a patient, in whom a patent foramen ovale was detected. For the detection of a patent foramen ovale simulation of Valsalva's manoeuvre with a positive airway pressure of 20 cm H2O was applied. Change of ventilation manoeuvre by ventilation with positive airway pressure of 35/30/15 cm H2O at a tidal volume of 1200 ml make a distinct increase in passage of contrast medium from the right to the left atrium. These findings were detected by contrast transesophageal echocardiography and indirectly by transcranial Doppler sonography and were reproducible. This may stress the importance of preoperative screening of patent foramen ovale in patients to be operated on in the sitting position. Contrast echocardiography and the ventilatory manoeuvre with high airway pressure and PEEP might increase the detection rate of patent foramen ovale with a right to left shunt during general anaesthesia.

Echocardiography↗

PubMed1975

[Intracranial neurinoma of the jugular foramen-a case report (author's transl)].

This report is a case of intracranial neurinoma of the jugular foramen. A 21-year-old woman was admitted to our hospital with complaints of headache, nausea, tinnitus on the left and deafness on the left. The neurological examination revelaed bilateral choked disc, Bruns Cushing nystagmus, hearing disturbance on the left, slight disturbance of vestibular function on the left, diminished gag reflex on the left, curtain sign on the left, loss of taste on the posterior third of the left side of the tongue, and deviation of the tongue to the left on protrusion, accompanied with atrophy and fasciculation on the left. Skull-XP showed the enlargement of the jugular foramen. Pneumoencephalogram showed the enlargement of the fourth ventricle combined with the superior, posterior displacement of it's floor. We confirmed the diagnosis of the jugular foramen neurinoma on the left. By suboccipital craniectomy a walnutsized tumor was disclosed at the jugular foramen. The tumor was encapsuled with smooth, thick capsule and was colored in dark rouge. This tumor was removed totally and the postoperative course was uneventful. The pathological diagnosis was neurinoma. We consider that this tumor originated in the ninth or tenth cranial nerve.

Adult↗

PubMed2003

[Study on the location of mandibular foramen and the measurement of sigmoid notch and ramus].

OBJECTIVE: To compare the location of mandibular foramen in male and female,ang to observe and measure the sigmoid notch and ramus. METHODS: The mandibles of 74 male and 79 female adults from Shanghai were used for the study. The vertical dimension from the center of mandibular foramen to the lowest point of sigmoid notch and the horizontal distance to the posterior margin of ramus were measured,including the depth and the width of sigmoid notch and the height of ramus. The figures were compared between male and female adults. RESULTS: The average distance of mandibular foramen to ramus and sigmoid notch in men and women were 16.75mm,24.50mm and 16.08mm,23.13mm. The average width and depth of sigmoid notch in men and women were 34.20mm,15.33mm and 32.69mm,14.49mm. The average height of ramus in men and women were 61.62mm,57.19mm. CONCLUSION: The difference of vertical dimension from the center of mandibular foramen to the lowest point of sigmoid notch and the horizontal distance to the posterior margin of ramus between male and female adults was not significant, and that of the depth and the width of sigmoid notch and the height of ramus between male and female adults was not significant,either.

Adult↗

PubMed2004

[Percutaneous closure of patent foramen ovale: preliminary experience with the PFO Star].

This article reports the experience of percutaneous closure of patent foramen ovale with the PFO Star device. Between January 2000 and December 2002, 44 consecutive patients with a mean age of 53 years were included in this registry. The implantation of the prosthesis was successful in 43 patients (98%): in 1 patient the atrial septum could not be crossed at operation. An early complication was observed in 3 patients (7%): one had transient amnesia and two patients had temporary ST elevation in the inferior ECG leads. Four patients (7%) had late complications: there was one case of spontaneously regressive atrial fibrillation, two recurrences of stroke (one in the patient without an implanted prosthesis and the other in a patient in whom the patent foramen ovale had been closed). Finally, one patient developed a fistula between the aorta and right atrium which occluded spontaneously when the anticoagulants were stopped. Complete closure of the patent foramen ovale was confirmed at 1 year in 92% of patients. The authors conclude that this preliminary experience shows that closure of patent foramen ovale with this device is effective and safe.

Adult↗

PubMed2004

[Topographical and morphological study of the mandibular foramen in black Africans from the Ivory Coast].

Sixty one dry mandibles. have been studied to provide some anatomical informations on the position, shape and size of the mental foramen among adults Black Africans of Ivory Coast. According the results, in the male mandibles, the mental foramen lay 27,31 mm behind the symphyses , 74,75 mm forward the post border of the ramus, 14,89 mm above the lower border and 16,16 mm under the alveolar margin. In the female mandibles, the mental foramen lay 27,16mm behind the symphysis, 69,10 mm forward the post border of the ramus, 14,21 mm above the lower border and 15,66 mm under the alveolar margin. This study confirmed that on the horizontal plane, the mental foramen lay approximatively one quarter of the distance from mandibular symphyses to the post border of the ramus. The margin of mental foramina was elliptic in 66,67 % and 64,52 % of the cases respectively in male and female mandibles. The mean sizes of the long and short axes of forarnina were 5,03 mm and 3,97 mm in the male mandibles. These dimensions were 4,99 mm and 3,87 mm in the female mandibles.

Adult↗

PubMed2004

[Behavioral situation at onset of paradoxical brain embolism due to patent foramen ovale].

The goal of this study was to determine whether there was difference in behavioral situation at onset of stroke between the patients with right-to-left shunt whose stroke was diagnosed as paradoxical brain embolism according to the new criteria proposed by Strategies against Stroke Study for Young Adults in Japan (SASSY-Japan) and whose stroke was not. Among 365 consecutive patients with possible acute ischemic stroke who underwent transesophageal echocardiography, we compared clinical profiles of the following three patient groups: patients with patent foramen ovale whose stroke was diagnosed as paradoxical brain embolism (group A), patients with patent foramen ovale whose stroke was not diagnosed as paradoxical brain embolism (group B), and patients without patent foramen ovale whose stroke was diagnosed as cardiogenic brain embolism (group C). Patent foramen ovale was present on echocardiogram in 76 of 365 patients (21%). Among them, 19 patients were classified into group A and 34 into group B. Group C was composed of 69 patients. At stroke onset, 3 patients in group A took behavior with positive Valsalva maneuver, 2 in group B, and 1 in group C. Similarly at stroke onset, 4 patients in group A just stood up from long-time sitting position, 1 in group B, and 1 in group C. In all, stroke onset following Valsalva maneuver or long-time sitting position was positive in 37% of group A, 9% of group B, and 3% of group C, and was most frequent in group A (p < 0.0001). In group A, the frequency of Valsalva maneuver or long-time sitting position at stroke onset was higher than the frequency of detection of venous thrombus (21%). The result indicates that Valsalva maneuver and long-time sitting position contribute to occurrence of paradoxical brain embolism. We think that these behavioral situations are appropriate diagnostic criteria for paradoxical brain embolism.

Aged↗

PubMed2005

[Diagnosis and treatment of jugular foramen neurinomas].

OBJECTIVE: To study the clinical features and treatments of jugular foramen neurinomas. The approximate approach and proper exposure regions of jugular foramen tumour were discussed in this paper. METHODS: Fourteen cases of jugular foramen neurinomas were diagnosed by CT, MRI, DSA and 3D-CT reconstruction preoperatively. The tumours were resected by far lateral infra-temporal approach. The classification and relative operative approaches were discussed. RESULTS: Among 14 patients, total removal were achieved in 8 cases, subtotal removal in 4 cases and partial removal in the other 2 cases. All patients got good recovering. No serious complications correlating the approaches occurred except one case of facial paralysis. CONCLUSION: The far later infratentorial approach was suggested to be more suitable for surgery upon neurinomas of jugular foramen.

Adult↗

PubMed2005

Pre-mental foramen mandibulotomy for resecting tumors of tongue base and parapharyngeal space.

BACKGROUND: Resection of tumors arising from the tongue base and the parapharyngeal space is difficult for exposure and manipulation because of their obscure location. The aim of this study was to evaluate the surgical approach of the pre-mental foramen mandibulotomy for resecting the tumors of tongue base and parapharyngeal space. METHODS: Fifty-one patients with tumors of tongue base and parapharyngeal space were treated using the mandibulotomy approach on the pre-mental foramen. In the present study, this technique was described in detail. The patients were followed up for three months to six years with a mean of 26 months. RESULTS: The tumors of tongue base and parapharyngeal space could be exposed clearly and be resected radically by surgical approach of pre-mental foramen mandibulotomy. The surgical complications were reduced. CONCLUSIONS: Compared to other surgical approaches, such as lateral mandibulotomy, midline mandibulotomy, the suprahyoid parapharyngeal approach, and paramedian mandibulotomy, we found that the pre-mental foramen mandibulotomy is the ideal choice for resecting the tumors of tongue base and parapharyngeal space.

Adolescent↗

PubMedDate not supplied

Retromolar foramen.

Of the many variants in the mandible, the retromolar foramen is the most important. The incidence of retromolar foramen was studied in a collection of 157 south Indian mandibles available at the department of Anatomy, St. John's Medical College, Bangalore. On each side of the mandible, the area behind the last molar tooth was inspected for the presence of retro molar foramen. Wherever present, their distance from the last molar tooth and their size if they were sufficiently large were measured with a sliding caliper to the nearest millimeter. Retromolar foramen were found to be bilateral in 8 mandibles (5.1%) and unilateral 20 [right: 9 (5.7%); left: 11 (7%)] mandibles. The diameter of the foramina was 2 mm on both sides.

Cephalometry↗

PubMed2006

A triplicate obturator foramen.

The obturator foramen is a large opening in the hip bone situated below and anterior to the acetabulum. The obturator foramen is enclosed by the obturator membrane, apart from the part above near the obturator groove, where the obturator vessels and nerve pass through. The present study reports multiple openings in the obturator foramen detected incidentally in a left hip bone specimen and discusses its clinical implications. To the best of our knowledge, the occurrence of multiple openings associated with the obturator foramen is rare and has not been reported in any standard textbook of anatomy or in any research study. Anatomical knowledge of the presence of such anomalies may be clinically important for radiologists interpreting skiagrams and surgeons performing operative procedures in the hip region.

Humans↗

PubMed2006

[Percutaneous closure of patent foramen ovale, as secondary prevention of cryptogenic cerebral event].

In patients with patent foramen ovale and cryptogenic stroke, the risk of recurrent event is about 4-5% yearly, despite of the antithrombotic treatment. Transcatheter closure of patent foramen ovale has been shown to decrease risk of recurrence. This report summarizes the first experiences in Hungary and the medium term follow up of our patients. Thirty-three patients were selected for closure. All the patients had at least one ischemic stroke, transitory ischemic attack or peripheral embolus. In 31 of them the stroke was confirmed by computer tomographic or magnetic resonance imaging. Patent foramen ovale with right-to-left shunt was diagnosed by transesophageal echocardiography. Transcatheter closure was performed under fluoroscopic and transesophageal echocardiographic control. Closure was successful in 31 patients. Passage of atrial septum did not succeed in two cases. An AV fistula at puncture site was the only early complication. There was no late complication. No device dislocation, periprocedural arrhythmia or embolic event was detected. No residual shunt could be found. During follow up of 11.3 (1-30) months no recurrent embolus was detected. Transcatheter closure of patent foramen ovale is a safe and efficient procedure to decrease the risk of recurrent ischemic events.

Adult↗

PubMed2006

An atypical position of the foramen ovale.

Visual inspection of a dry adult human skull revealed absence of a typical foramen ovale on the left side of the cranial base. The region of the foramen ovale was covered by an osseous lamina, which was continuous with the lateral pterygoid plate and thus formed a wall of an apparent canal, which opened on the lateral side of the pterygoid process. This canal is referred to as an oval canal (canalis ovalis), instead of the foramen ovale. It runs superiorly, medially from the infratemporal fossa, and opens into the middle cranial fossa. The altered osseous morphology of this basicranial region may affect the course of the neurovascular structures which pass through the foramen ovale. As a consequence, clinical symptoms could occur, including paresthesiae of the inner aspect of the cheek and compression and neuralgia of the mandibular nerve or its branches.

Humans↗

PubMed1991

[Contours of apical foramen observed stereomicroscopically].

Two hundred and sixty major apical foramina were examined stereomicroscopically to determine the contours of the apical foramen and the frequency of each shape. The observation was performed at 15 x magnification. During the examination the following shapes were observed: circle, ellipse, teardrop, number eight and irregular forms. Apical foramen most frequently had the circular shape and it was registrated in 58.8 per cent of the main root canal openings. The elliptic contour was presented in 22.7 per cent, the teardrop shape in 10.4 per cent and the shape similar to number eight occurred in 5.0 per cent of the samples. The statistical calculation revealed that the circular shape of the apical foramen is the most frequent finding (p less than 0.01). This finding seems to be optimistic in an attempt to perform the hermetic sealing of the apical foramen.

Dental Pulp Cavity↗

PubMed1990

[Foramen arcuale and vertigo].

From 1985 to 1989, 923 patients with cervical syndrome were treated; and among them, 69 complained chiefly of vertigo, somewhat like Barre-Lieou syndrome. Out of their X-ray films, those of the 69 patients showed foramen arcuale on the posterior arch of atlas, an incidence of 7.4%; and so it was, unilateral or bilateral, proved by operative findings. The foramen arcuale, being either a complete ring or a incomplete ring, restricted or compressed the vertebral artery passing through. Excision of the foramen arcuale and sympathectomy done on this artery released the vessel and freed the patient from symptoms up to time of the writing. Diagnostic criteria are tabulated, operative procedures described and related matters discussed in the paper. It is emphasized that the foramen arcuale must be excised completely and sympathectomy should be performed on the vertebral artery under view for cure.

Adult↗

PubMed1988

[Intracranial neurinomas of the jugular foramen and hypoglossal canal].

Intracranial neurinomas of the jugular foramen and the hypoglossal canal are relatively rare. Most reports have been of either single cases or of only two or three patients, and few large series exist in the literature. Although some of these tumors present palsies of the ninth, tenth, and eleventh cranial nerves as a jugular foramen syndrome, this is not always present. Unexpectedly, symptoms involving the eighth nerve are more frequently than those of ninth, tenth and eleventh nerves. This variability of clinical symptoms frequently leads to an initial misdiagnosis of glomus jugulare, acoustic or hypoglossal neurinoma. We report 2 cases of jugular foramen neurinomas and 2 cases of hypoglossal neurinomas. Our review of literature has tabulated 92 jugular foramen neurinomas and 34 hypoglossal neurinomas. These neurinomas had become considerably large in size by the time they were detected. So, we should endeavor, by clinical or neuroradiological finding to detect them at the early stage when they exert less influence on the brain. In this series we discuss clinical pictures of these neurinomas.

Accessory Nerve↗