Gender-related differences in placement rates of young adults with mental retardation and severe learning disabilities.
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BACKGROUND: A sample of community-based service users with intellectual disability (ID) was re-examined after 5 years to determine the impact of a diagnosis of personality disorder (PD). METHODS: Seventy-five of the original 101 participants were followed up. Of these, 21 people had a PD identified during the original study. RESULTS: Compared with controls, people with a PD were significantly more likely to receive central nervous system (CNS) drugs, have more contact with psychiatric services, show increased offending behaviour, score higher on the Aberrant Behaviour Checklist and score above the threshold on the Psychiatric Assessment Schedule for Adults with Developmental Disability (PAS-ADD). Participants with PD recorded were more likely to have a recorded psychiatric disorder, have contact with specialist teams, and have more hospital admissions. CONCLUSION: People with ID and PD are able to live in the community with specialist support but improved assessment, diagnosis and support services need to be targeted more effectively to them.
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People with autism may develop new behaviours in adolescence or early adult life, in addition to those associated with the primary disorder. Some of these behaviours have been postulated to be symptoms of depressive disorder. This article notes the methodological problems of investigating depression in people with autism. The authors also attempt to clarify the symptoms that may be significant in diagnosing depression in this group, by using treatment response methods.
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