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PubMed1990

[Migrant population life style and health status characteristics].

To clarify migrant population characteristics, we examined the relationship between out-migration from study areas during a 3 year follow-up period and health status, life style, and socioeconomic factors obtained at the initial baseline survey in a cohort study involving 15, 493 males and 17,440 females. Characteristics of inter-prefectural out-migrants were summarized as follows: 1) A significantly higher proportion of inter-prefectural out-migrants were employees of relatively large companies, family members of these employees, white collar workers in the case of males, and housewives in the case of females. 2) Inter-prefectural out-migrants had relatively good health status and high participation in cancer screening tests. 3) The dietary habits of inter-prefectural out-migrants were more westernized and well-balanced. 4) Male inter-prefectural out-migrants had a higher proportion of heavy smokers and daily drinkers, while females had lower proportion of smokers and drinkers. When comparing in-migrants to out-migrants, the characteristics were similar for males, but opposite for females.

Adult↗
PubMed2001

Life-style factors and risk for abdominal aortic aneurysm in a cohort of Finnish male smokers.

Prospective studies evaluating risk factors for abdominal aortic aneurysm are few. We studied the association of life-style factors with risk for abdominal aortic aneurysm among 29,133 male smokers 50-69 years of age, participants in the Alpha-Tocopherol, Beta-Carotene Cancer Prevention Study. During a mean follow-up of 5.8 years, 181 were diagnosed with ruptured abdominal aortic aneurysm or nonruptured abdominal aortic aneurysm plus aneurysmectomy. Risk for abdominal aortic aneurysm was positively associated with age [relative risk (RR) = 4.56, 95% confidence interval (CI) = 2.42-8.61 for > 65 vs < or = 55 years], smoking years (RR = 2.25, 95% CI = 1.33-3.81 for > 40 vs < or = 32 years), systolic blood pressure (RR = 1.92, 95% CI = 1.13-3.25 for > 160 vs < or = 130 mmHg), diastolic blood pressure (RR = 1.80, 95% CI = 1.05-3.08 for > 100 vs < or = 85 mmHg), and serum total cholesterol (RR = 1.85, 95% CI = 1.09-3.12 for > 6.5 vs < or = 5.0 mmol/liter). High-density lipoprotein cholesterol showed a strong inverse association with risk for aortic aneurysm (RR = 0.16, 95% CI = 0.08-0.32 for > 1.5 vs < or = 0.9 mmol/liter). High energy intake was associated with lower risk for aortic aneurysm (RR = 0.59, 95% CI = 0.38-0.94 for the highest quartile vs the lowest), whereas no associations with nutrients were evident. We conclude that classical risk factors for atherosclerotic diseases seem to be important in pathogenesis of large abdominal aortic aneurysms.

Age Factors↗
PubMed2001

[Changes in life-style, needs and difficulties faced by caregivers of AIDS patients in home care].

This study aimed at delineating the social and demographic profile of 17 home caregivers for AIDS patients, identifying the alterations occurring in their life style and detecting the main needs and doubts presented by them when assisting a person living with AIDS at home, as well as the difficulties stemming from the disease and the care given by them. We identified that the introduction of HIV/AIDS within the family generates a crisis situation and awakens many negative feelings in caretakers. An alteration in life routine takes place and there is also an overload of tasks to be carried out. The main difficulties of caretakers are related to taking care of the patient at home in addition to financial and emotional difficulties. We have shown the need for more effective orientation as to protection measure while caring for the patient. We have also pointed out the importance of orientation and educational actions to be given by health professionals, during which nurses' participation in home assistance/visits is essential.

Acquired Immunodeficiency Syndrome↗
PubMed1995

[Relation of life style, working posture and job category to body mass index change in young male workers].

The relationships of change in body mass index (BMI) on blood pressure, blood and serum tests, and of life style, working posture and job category on change in BMI after age twenty were investigated in a cross sectional study. A total of 771 male employees aged 21 or older (mean age 29.9 +/- 9.1 years) of a semiconductor factory were examined in December 1993. BMI change of each subject was expressed as percent increase after age twenty. BMI value at age twenty was calculated from self-reported body weight at twenty and height measured at the 1993 health examination. Prevalences of high blood pressure (systolic blood pressure > or = 160 mmHg or diastolic blood pressure > or = 95 mmHg), high blood pressure including borderline hypertension (systolic blood pressure > or = 140 mmHg or diastolic blood pressure > or = 90 mmHg) and abnormal values of serum GOT, GPT, gamma-GPT, total cholesterol, triglyceride, HDL-cholesterol, uric acid and fasting blood glucose were greater in the high BMI change group than in the low BMI change group (Chi-square test, P < 0.1). With the exception of hypertension, these associations remained virtually unchanged after adjusting for age, alcoholic consumption, smoking habits and BMI at 20 years of age by multiple logistic regression analysis. After adjustment for age by the Mantel-Henszael method, increases in BMI after 20 years of age were positively associated with the following eight items (p < 0.05): shorter standing time, shorter walking time, lower meal skipping frequency, shorter meal time, longer sitting time during work, larger meal size, greater frequency of salad consumption, and sedentary work such as clerk and engineer. Greater rice consumption and higher frequency of instant foods consumption were weakly associated with the increase in BMI (0.05 < p < 0.1). Job categories such as clerk and engineer were significantly associated with longer sitting time and shorter meal time, resulting in greater BMI increase after 20 years of age. Multiple logistic regression analysis revealed that shorter standing time, shorter meal time, larger meal size, greater frequency of instant foods consumption and greater frequency of salad consumption were independently correlated with the increase in BMI (p < 0.05). Larger rice consumption was slightly correlated with increasing BMI (0.05 < p < 0.1). This study showed that job category, working posture and food intake patterns were strongly associated with BMI change after age 20 in young male workers. This study provides useful information for health care and health promotion programs in young male workers.

Adult↗
PubMed2006

Seroprevalence of Helicobacter pylori in dyspeptic patients and its relationship with HIV infection, ABO blood groups and life style in a university hospital, Northwest Ethiopia.

AIM: To determine the prevalence of Helicobacter pylori (H pylori) among dyspeptic patients and to assess the relationship between H pylori infection, blood group, HIV infection and life style of the patients. METHODS: In a hospital-based cross-sectional study, patients attending Outpatient Department of University of Gondar Hospital were enrolled. Socio-demographic information was collected using questionnaires. Serum was analyzed for anti-H pylori IgG antibodies using a commercial kit. HIV serostatus was determined by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA). Blood grouping was performed by slide agglutination tests. RESULTS: A total of 215 dyspeptic patients were included in the study. One hundred and sixteen patients (54%) were females and 99 (46%) were males. Anti-H pylori IgG antibodies were detected in sera of 184 (85.6%) patients. The prevalence was significantly higher in patients aged 50 years and above. Twenty point five percent of the patients were found to be seropositive for HIV. No significant association was found between sex, ABO blood groups, consumption of spicy diets, socio-economic status and seropositivity for H pylori. However, alcohol consumption was significantly associated with H pylori serology. CONCLUSION: The prevalence of H pylori infection is associated with a history of alcohol intake and older age. The effect of different diet, alcohol and socioeconomic status as risk factors for H pylori infection needs further study.

ABO Blood-Group System↗
PubMed2003

[Body weight fluctuation and life-style change after short-term weight reduction programs].

PURPOSE: The purpose of this study was to assess the adherence rate after short-term weight reduction programs and to clarify the related life-style factors in community-residing obese women. METHOD: The study subjects were 243 women who completed twelve-week weight reduction programs held at the health promotion center in Tokyo from 1992 to 1999. The program consisted of exercise training and individualized diet education once a week. They were instructed to increase their daily walking steps. A mail-survey using a present body weight, walking steps, and diet any habits questionnaire was conducted in November 1999. RESULTS: 128 women (54%) responded to the questionnaire. They were 51.6 +/- 9.6 years old and 4 years had passed on average after the program. Among these, 126 women provided their present body weight. Their mean BMI was 26.7 +/- 2.6 and 25.5 +/- 2.6 before and after the program respectively. Their present BMI was 25.8 +/- 2.9 which was significantly higher than the value immediately after the program (P < 0.01). 54 women (42.9%) increased their BMI by more than 1 kg/m2 after the program (rebound-group). 24 women (19.0%) decreased their BMI by more than 1 kg/m2 and 28 women (22.2%) maintained their ideal BMI defined as less than 24 kg/m2 after the program (adherent-group). In the other 20 women (15.9%), BMI did not change significantly after the program, but their present BMI was over 24 (27.4 +/- 2.8). The mean present daily walking-steps were significantly lower in the rebound than the adherent-group although the percentage with a exercise habit did not differ between the two groups. Diet any behavior was also more favorable in the adherent-group. CONCLUSION: After 4 years on average from the end of short-term body-weight reduction programs, 42.9% of the participants had regained their original weight. Maintaining increased physical activity and a favorable diet is important for persistent weight reduction in obese women.

Adult↗
PubMed1997

[Hysterectomy in a Danish population. Weight-related factors, psychological factors and life style variables].

The aim was to assess risk factors for hysterectomy performed for benign conditions. In a prevalence study, 2301 Danish women were selected at random in 1982. Information about weight and slimming history, life-styles, psychological factors, gynaecological history, and social background were obtained. In an incidence study, the cohort was followed from 1982 to 1990 to assess the incidence of hysterectomy. In the prevalence study, weight cycling (recurrent weight loss and weight gain of more than 5 kg) was associated with hysterectomy for benign disease (adjusted odds ratio 1.77, 95% confidence interval 1.05-2.99) independently of overweight, smoking, oral contraceptives, psychological and social factors. In the incidence study, weight cycling was the only significant weight-related risk factor for hysterectomy performed for benign disease (adjusted relative risk 2.49, 95% confidence interval 1.10-5.60), explaining the relation between hysterectomy and psychological factors. Weight cycling might be an important risk factor for premenopausal hysterectomy performed for benign conditions.

Adult↗
PubMed1993

Impact of migraine and tension-type headache on life-style, consulting behaviour, and medication use: a Canadian population survey.

A large sample of Canadian adults was surveyed by telephone to determine the prevalence and characterization of headache, and the effects of headache on life-style, consulting behaviours and medication use. We reported prevalence and characterization in a previous issue; here, we detail the effects of headaches on sufferers. Sixteen and one-half percent of adult Canadians experience migraine and 29% tension-type headaches. In over 70% of headache sufferers interpersonal relationships are impaired. Regular activities are limited in 78% of migraine attacks and 38% of tension-type headaches. Despite this, only 64% of migraine and 45% of tension-type headache sufferers had ever sought medical attention, and of these only 32% returned for ongoing care. Fourteen percent of migraine and 8% of tension-type headache sufferers had used emergency departments. Most headache sufferers take medication, primarily over-the-counter varieties. Measures to reach the headache population are needed, as are safe effective treatment options that will encourage them to participate in their medical care.

Adolescent↗
PubMed2000

Prevalence of gastroduodenitis and Helicobacter pylori infection in a general population sample: relations to symptomatology and life-style.

Some benign and malignant diseases develop on the background of chronic gastritis or duodenitis. The present study was performed in order to determine the magnitude of these background changes with relations to symptomatology and life style in the general population. Examinations were performed in 501 volunteers (age 35-85 years). Fifty percent had gastritis; this was associated with H. pylori in 87%. H. pylori-negative gastritis was associated with regular use of NSAIDs [odds ratio 3.8 (1.6-9.9)]. Duodenitis, observed in 32%, was associated with H. pylori infection [odds ratio 2.3 (1.3-4.6)], previous cholecystectomy [odds ratio 3.6 (1.1-16.1)], and regular use of NSAIDs [odds ratio 3.0 (1.4-7.1)]. Neither gastritis nor duodenitis was associated with smoking or alcohol consumption. The rate of digestive symptoms did not differ between subjects with and without uncomplicated gastritis or duodenitis. In conclusion, half of this adult population had gastritis strongly associated with H. pylori infection. Gastritis without H. pylori infection was frequently associated with regular NSAID intake. One third had duodenitis, which was associated with H. pylori infection as well as with regular use of NSAIDs and previous cholecystectomy. Digestive symptoms were not overrepresented in uncomplicated gastritis or duodenitis.

Adult↗
PubMedDate not supplied

[Dietary habits, life styles and respiratory symptoms in childhood].

Asthma and obesity in children are common chronic conditions and both disorders have been increasing in the last 2 to 3 decades. The changes of dietary habits and a sedentary life style could have played a role in increasing the prevalence of both conditions. The aim of this report is to analyse the relation between some respiratory conditions (current wheezing, asthma and chronic cough) with dietary habits, body mass index (BMI), the physical activity and the habit to watch television. A total of 19,995 children (10,294 males and 9701 females) were investigated. Current wheezing is associated with increased BMI (V quintile OR=1.65), TV watching (more than 5 h/day OR=1.53), adding salt to the foods (OR=2.45), and fizzy drink (5 times or more per week OR=1.31). Children who often eat tomatoes, fruits, cooked vegetables and citrus fruits have a lower risk of current wheeze. The pattern of association is similar for asthma. High BMI, TV watching, adding salt to foods, and fizzy drink are risk factors for chronic cough. An increased BMI and TV watching are strongly related to respiratory symptoms. Our data confirm that dietary factors such as salt, vegetables and fruits are associated with the prevalence of respiratory symptoms in children.

Asthma↗
PubMed1980

Life-style and drug involvement among youths in an inner city junior high school.

Data gathered in a winter 1976 survey of youths attending a New York City junior high school were analyzed to learn how features of their life-styles related to their involvement with drugs. The results indicate that the youths' substance use is an environmentally related phenomenon. The factors of peer-held esteem of drug using, gang involved persons, friends' use of alcohol and marijuana, and participation in spare-time activities of a drug/street culture nature were found to provide important insights into the youths' drug taking.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1984

Nutritional status of the elderly. IV. Nutritional knowledge, food preferences and life styles connected with the nutritional process.

On 106 women and 101 men aged 65 and over, elderly pensioners of the city of Perugia (Italy), a survey was carried out to identify their nutritional knowledge, their food preferences and some life styles connected with the nutritional process. The group of elderly people demonstrates a low level of nutritional knowledge. Meat, pasta and soup are the most suitable foods, with no great difference between males and females. Vegetables, fruit, milk and cheese are indicated as important only by low percentages of both sexes, fish, eggs, offal and rice are practically ignored. From the analysis of the sequency with which the various foods are indicated, it appears that a greater importance is attributed to pasta and soup. A higher percentage of women think that meat is a more suitable food for elderly people, and in respect to the men, they have a greater preference for this food. The harmfulness of foods is concentrated in the fatty foods by both sexes, but in particular by the women. Foods which are given up with the greatest sacrifice are mainly cakes, meat and pasta. Women and men show similar percentages of energy expenditure both in time and in frequency in relation to sleep and sedentary activities. For the activities that require a greater energy expenditure, the values are relatively low. This group of elderly people is well integrated into family life. They usually eat their meals with their families. There are frequent occasions when they are at home alone for periods of time that vary from two to four hours of more a day. The percentage of people living alone is small.

Aged↗
PubMed1981

Individual differences in life-style response to coronary artery bypass surgery.

Fifty-three patients who had undergone coronary artery bypass surgery 12 to 27 months previously were given four standard personality questionnaires and asked to write about the main effects the operation had on their life-styles. These responses were then content analysed. Although hierarchical grouping analysis indicated that the responses could best be classified into four groups, only three distinct response profiles emerged. The first group described mainly adverse consequences of surgery; the other three groups described the effects of surgery as beneficial. Personality test data suggested that individual personality and coping style considerably influence a patient's perception of surgical outcome, and that this perception is largely independent of cardiac symptoms.

Adaptation, Psychological↗
PubMed1984

Life-style and bone mineral mass in perimenopausal women.

The bone mineral content of the forearms was measured in 395 women, aged 49, and correlated with menarche, menopause, parity, lactation, contraceptives, diet, smoking, and physical activity. Late menarche and early menopause were associated with a lower than average bone mineral content whereas the life-style parameters were not.

Age Factors↗
PubMed1990

[The relation among the life style and the clinical laboratory data].

The concept of risk pattern is introduced as the new point of view for the cancer prevention. The risk pattern should be got by drawing out the feature of the human information composed of dietary habit, life style, family history, laboratory data. Using the large scale health screening data in Nagano (total population = 93, 403, 1,140 byte/person), the risk pattern is analysed and the relation among the variables are discussed.

Analysis of Variance↗
PubMed1990

[A large scale cohort study on the effect of life styles on the risk of cancer by each site].

265,118 (m; 12226, f; 142857) adults aged 40 and above were followed up for 17 years (1966-1982) and age standardized mortality rates for cancer of each site were analysed by life style variables. The study revealed smoking cessation and increased consumption of green-yellow vegetables as the most effective common way of primary prevention (e.g. cancers of lung, stomach, cervix) followed by moderation in drinking of alcohols (e.g. cancers of mouth, pharynx, esophagus, sigmoid colon) and avoidance of excess consumption of animal fat (e.g. cancer of pancreas, breast). To reduce chances of exposure to passive smoking was also considered important for selected sites (e.g. cancers of lung, nasal sinus, breast, brain tumor and leukemia).

Alcohol Drinking↗
PubMed2001

Smoking and some life-style changes in medical students--Slovakia, 1995-1999.

INTRODUCTION: The main goal of a questionnaire cross-sectional study was to compare the changes of smoking habits in medical students between 1995 and 1999. Beside this, other factors of life-style such as alcohol consumption, nutritional status [studied through body mass index (BMI)] and citrus consumption were studied. METHODS: Cross-sectional questionnaire study in 453 medical students of 1st to 5th academic years of the Jessenius Faculty of Medicine, Comenius University in Martin, Slovakia, carried out in October and November 1999. Data on smoking habit were compared with a similar study carried out in 1995. RESULTS: Prevalence of regular smoking (min. 1 cig/day) was 13.6% in men and 8.9% in women and did not change significantly in comparison with 1995. In women, prevalence of occasional smokers increased from 7.3% in 1995 to 19.8% in 1999 and almost reached men in the same year (21.8%). During this period significantly decreased proportion of respondents who have never smoked both in men (from 43.0 to 23.3%) and women (from 61.9% to 18.2%). Excessive drinking dominates in men, overweight (BMI > or = 25) had 16.0% of males and 2.0% of females and excessive underweight (BMI < or = 17.5) 1.0% of men and 2.8% of women. More than one half of respondents consumed less than 1 piece of citrus fruit per day. CONCLUSIONS: Smoking of men still predominates, however, the most apparent changes of smoking habit in regard to increasing proportion of smoking women, particularly occasional smokers. This indicates increasing social tolerance of smoking. In female a possibility of eating disorders deserve attention and a need for the improvement of diet is felt in both sexes.

Adolescent↗