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Results for “MOUTH PROTECTORS”

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At least 307 records · Page 17Linked to original sources
PubMed2005

Effect of mouthguards on the transmission of force across the human jaw.

OBJECTIVE: To determine if impact responses (stiffness and damping values) of the jaw and neck are significantly different between mouthguards of varying material and manufacturing properties, in controlled conditions involving specified upper limb orientation and applied loading. DESIGN: Quasi-experimental design. SETTING: Simon Fraser University biomechanical laboratory. PARTICIPANTS: Twelve male subjects between the ages of 19 to 28 participated in this study. All subjects were healthy, had no missing teeth, and had no mechanical (orthodontic) appliances. MAIN OUTCOME MEASUREMENTS: For each condition, the system stiffness and damping values were estimated using the free vibration technique. Stiffness and damping values are relevant because they are the major determinants of impact force and, potentially, injury risk. It is the first study to show experimentally the quantitative effects of mouthguard in situ. RESULTS: All the mouthguards lowered the system stiffness as compared with the no mouthguard condition (P < 0.001). There was no observed effect on stiffness between the 2 limb orientation positions. Excitation weight had an unexpected effect on system stiffness (P = 0.041), with increasing weight leading to increased stiffness. CONCLUSIONS: The findings suggest that wearing any mouthguard is better than wearing none at all due to their ability to reduce system stiffness and damping values after a blow to the chin.

Adult↗
PubMed2005

Temporomandibular disorders in association with scuba diving.

OBJECTIVE: To determine the prevalence of temporomandibular disorders (TMD) in scuba divers and to identify the risk factors for the development of pain in the stomatognathic system before and after diving by the use of a questionnaire. DESIGN: : Retrospective cohort study based on questionnaires. PARTICIPANTS: A total of 296 active divers, aged 18 to 65 years, participating in scuba diving meetings in Heidelberg, Germany. INTERVENTIONS: Each diver answered a questionnaire containing 29 questions, predominantly on symptoms of TMD. MAIN OUTCOME MEASURES: The data collected from the divers were calculated by the use of logistic regression tests. Risk factors for the development of TMD were evaluated. RESULTS: Clenching seemed to be the greatest risk factor for pain while holding the mouthpiece and for pain in the masticatory muscle system after diving. Limited mouth opening and clenching were responsible for the development of pain in the temporomandibular joint after the dive. The prevalence of TMD-related symptoms was higher in women before, during, and after the dive. CONCLUSIONS: Individuals exhibiting TMD-related symptoms seem to be at the greatest risk of developing pain in the masticatory muscle system and/or the temporomandibular joint during or after the dive.

Adolescent↗
PubMed2026

Comfort and Usability of Digital Versus Conventional Custom-Fit Mouthguards: A Randomized Clinical Trial.

BACKGROUND/OBJECTIVES: The use of mouthguards protects teeth and the supporting tissues against impacts. Digital impressions and 3D-printed models can reduce manufacturing steps and minimize discomfort. This study evaluated the fit, comfort, and usability of custom-made mouthguards, obtained by conventional and digital workflow, in amateur athletes. MATERIALS AND METHODS: Amateur athletes were recruited for this randomized, double-blind, crossover clinical study. Each participant received two 4-mm-thick custom-fit mouthguards made of ethylene vinyl acetate (EVA) sheets using two protocols: conventional impression using alginate to produce dental stone cast (CMP) and intraoral digital scanning to produce 3D-printed resin models (DMP). Each mouthguard was worn during all training and matches over 3&#x2009;months. The order of mouthguard use was randomly assigned. Patient satisfaction with the impression protocol and mouthguard use, model accuracy, and mouthguard fit were assessed. RESULTS: Overall, 46 participants completed the study. The DMP protocol required less execution time (p&#x2009;=&#x2009;0.023), caused less discomfort (p&#x2009;=&#x2009;0.018), anxiety (p&#x2009;=&#x2009;0.008), nausea (p&#x2009;=&#x2009;0.027), difficulty breathing (p&#x2009;<&#x2009;0.001), and unpleasant taste (p&#x2009;=&#x2009;0.006) compared to the CMP protocol. The pain (p&#x2009;=&#x2009;0.971) perceived by the participants was similar in both impression protocols. The CMP-mouthguards were considered to be better fitting by the majority of participants (p&#x2009;=&#x2009;0.027). Between-group comparisons revealed that DMP-mouthguard caused less discomfort immediately postadaptation (p&#x2009;=&#x2009;0.034), with no significant differences observed at 30 or 90&#x2009;days. CONCLUSIONS: The digital workflow demonstrated to be efficient in the fabrication of mouthguards. Digital impression was more comfortable, requiring less execution time, with more accurate printed models and produced mouthguards with reported comfort and fit levels similar to those manufactured conventionally.

Humans↗
PubMed1997

The effect of a toothguard on the difficulty of intubation.

Dental damage is the most common reason for complaints against anaesthetists. The purpose of this study was to investigate the common belief that the use of a toothguard at the time of intubation causes intubation to be more difficult. We studied 80 patients, half of whom were intubated with a toothguard in situ and the other half intubated without a toothguard. The time taken from mouth opening to successful passage of the tracheal tube through the vocal cords was measured. In the toothguard group, the recorded time also included the time taken to insert the toothguard. The median time to intubation in the group with a toothguard was 24 s and the median time to intubation in the group without a toothguard was 17 s. The difference of 7 s in the time to intubation was statistically significant (p = 0.0003). As the recorded times also included the time taken to insert the toothguard, we do not regard this result to be clinically significant and believe that anaesthetists should think carefully before disregarding this simple protective device.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1996

The congenital insensitivity-to-pain syndrome (analgesia congenita): report of a case.

The congenital insensitivity-to-pain syndrome is one of several entities of sensory neuropathies in which pain sensation is absent from birth. This report describes a female child with the syndrome, who in all other aspects was normal. The most severe oral consequence of her disorder was self-inflicted exfoliation at an early age of all single-rooted primary teeth and one primary molar (a total of 13 teeth). The child was monitored from age 8. The primary aim in management was to monitor the eruption of the permanent teeth and occlusal development. At eruption of the mandibular incisors a protective splint was constructed to prevent their sharp edges injuring the tongue and the oral mucosa. The child was also instructed not to agitate her newly erupted teeth. Further occlusal development of the permanent dentition was uneventful.

Child↗
PubMed1999

Self-inflicted injury in a case of Hallervorden-Spatz disease.

Hallervorden-Spatz disease (HSD) is a rare neurodegenerative disorder characterized by abnormally high deposits of iron in the brain. This report describes a child with HSD who presented with self-inflicted ulceration of the lip and tongue, which was initiated during periods of intense oro-facial spasms. Other findings included dental caries and trauma to the primary incisors. Comprehensive dental care was carried out under general anaesthesia. The self-mutilation of the oro-facial mucosa was eliminated by placement of upper and lower soft resin bite guards.

Child↗
PubMed1986

Current concepts in the aetiology, diagnosis and treatment of TMJ and muscle dysfunction.

The complexity of managing TMJ and muscle dysfunction is reflected in the variety of treatment modalities that are continually being advocated. The multidimensional nature of the problem is readily appreciated in a TMJ Oral-Facial Pain Clinic where most of the referred patients represent a broad spectrum of treatments that have failed. Where such a clinic has been present for several decades the introduction of new ideas, or the reintroduction of old forms of treatment, are readily seen as well as the quantity and quality of treatment successes and failures. A major shift in ideas concerning the natural history of TMJ/muscle dysfunction, and an explosion of treatment problems and failures related to mandibular repositioning appliances and surgery suggest the need to reconsider various approaches to the diagnosis and treatment of TMJ and muscle dysfunction. Guidelines for diagnosis and treatment of these disorders are discussed.

Analgesics↗
PubMed1997

Laryngeal mask bite blocks--rolled gauze versus Guedel airway.

BACKGROUND: Biting on the silicone tube and pilot balloon of the laryngeal mask airway (LMA) may obstruct or damage them with the teeth and a bite block is recommended. The recommended bite block is a wad of gauze swabs rolled into a cylindrical shape and placed alongside the LMA. It is considered that this avoids irritating the posterior pharyngeal wall and damage to teeth whilst supporting the LMA tube when taped to it. The Guedel airway is commonly used as a bite block with the tracheal tube and many anaesthetists also use it with the LMA. The aim of the following study was to compare rolled gauze swabs with a Guedel airway as a bite block for the LMA. METHODS: We compared the Guedel airway with rolled gauze swabs as a bite block for the laryngeal mask airway (LMA) in 120 ventilated patients in whom cuff pressures were limited to 5.87 kPa (60 cm H2O) and anaesthesia management was standardised. RESULTS: In the Guedel airway group, there was a higher incidence of ventilatory problems (0 vs 4, P < 0.05), bleeding (0 vs 8, P < 0.01), hoarseness (0 vs 4, P < 0.05) and sore throat (2 vs 12, P < 0.01). CONCLUSION: 1. The Guedel airway is an unsuitable bite block for the LMA. 2. Cuff pressure limitation is compatible with adequate ventilation. 3. The combination of LMA and Guedel airway probably prevents either from sitting in the correct anatomical position.

Adult↗
PubMed1996

Promotion of mouthguards among amateur football players in Victoria.

Wearing mouthguards while playing contact sports reduces the prevalence and severity of orofacial injuries. We report on a 1991-92 promotion of mouthguard use among amateur football players in Melbourne. Four questionnaires were completed by players (1991 season: middle: n = 638, 49 per cent response: late: n = 770, 51 per cent: 1992: early: n = 505, 26 per cent: late: n = 698, 54 per cent), in four age groups (16-19, 20-23, 24-29, 30-44 years), about perceived mouthguard value and usage, injury experience, and awareness of a promotional message. Over the two seasons, mouthguard ownership and consistent wear increased and dental injuries decreased. Ownership of mouthguards increased among: 20-23 year olds and 30-44 year olds (13 and 16 per cent); managers, tradespersons, salespersons, labourers and the unemployed (14-19 per cent); residents of northern and western regions (12 and 13 per cent); those with 6 to 10 years of education (29 per cent); players in old boys' networks (13 per cent); and those with English as a first language (8 per cent). Consistent wear was high at matches (89 per cent) but low at training (13 per cent), owing to perceived lack of physical contact. Of dental injuries reported by 25-31 per cent, fractures predominated over luxations and avulsions. Fractures and avulsions were more common at matches than training; luxations predominated at training. When a mouthguard was not worn, the likelihood of a fractured or avulsed tooth was at least twice that when a mouthguard was worn. Some injuries occurred despite the wearing of mouthguards. The promotional message appeared effective in increasing mouthguard use; newspapers and football journals provided effective message locations for players, and ground signs and the electronic scoreboard for spectators.

Adolescent↗
PubMed2001

Increasing mouthguards usage among junior rugby and basketball players.

OBJECTIVE: To evaluate a Western Australian mouthguard promotion campaign, launched at the start of the 1997/98 junior rugby union and junior basketball seasons, aimed at increasing mouthguard usage at competition and training. METHOD: A quasi-experimental field design was used to assess the impact of the mouthguard campaign on behavioural change. Observational data were collected pre- and post-campaign on mouthguard usage by players present at a rugby and basketball competition event and at a training session. Junior Australian Rules Football players were used as a control group. RESULTS: Pre-post observational surveys showed a significantly greater increase in mouthguard usage in competition games among rugby union (77% to 84%) and basketball players (23% to 43%) compared with the control group (72% to 73%). All codes showed a post-campaign increase in mouthguard usage at training, but the intervention codes' increases were greater than the control's increase (rugby union: 29% to 40%; basketball: 11% to 36%; football: 34% to 40%). CONCLUSIONS: The campaign had a significant and substantial effect on behaviour and provides evidence of the benefits of leveraging a sponsorship to modify the behaviour of the target group. IMPLICATIONS: This campaign provides a model for promoting mouthguard usage in other sports among junior players.

Adolescent↗