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At least 307 records · Page 17Linked to original sources
PubMed1982

Cellular arteriolar nodules. Their presence in heart, pancreas, and kidneys of patients with malignant nephrosclerosis.

Angioblastic-appearing nodules of small arteries of heart, pancreas, and kidneys were found during microscopic study of autopsy specimens form subjects with hypertension that had responded poorly to treatment. These vascular lesions were noted in three of 15 subjects studied; they were associated with a proliferative arteriolosclerosis that was most severe in the kidney and the pancreas, but was occasionally found in the arterioles of the heart. Two of these three subjects had received treatment with dialysis; one had not. The nodules originated concentrically along a segment of small artery and consisted of a mass of mesenchymal cells and capillary-sized blood channels. There were fragmentation and focal loss of the internal elastic lamina at their points of origin, and vessel-wall necrosis in an occasional lesion. Many of these nodules appeared identical to plexiform lesions of the lung and to cellular types of Charcot-Bouchard aneurysms of the CNS.

Adult↗
PubMed1980

The ultrastructure of mucoid "onionskin" intimal lesions in malignant nephrosclerosis.

The ultrastructure of mucoid "onionskin" intimal thickening in the intrarenal arteries was studied in 12 cases of malignant hypertension. The thickened areas were found to contain proliferating myointimal cells, basement membrane lamellas, and ruthenium-red--positive proteoglycans. The proteoglycans consisted of granules 15--35 nm in diameter and thin filaments about 3 nm thick. The filaments connected the granules to each other and to the basement membranes of the concentric lamellas, to the basement membranes of the endothelial and myointimal cells, and also to the cell surfaces. This arrangement imparted a loose meshwork pattern to the mucoid layer. The granulofilamentous material is considered to be a structural component of the pathologic lesion distinct from plasma insudation. The relationship between the intercellular substances and the myointimal cells is briefly discussed.

Arterioles↗
PubMed1994

Nonpeptide angiotensin II type 1 receptor antagonist prevents nephrosclerosis in hypertensive rats.

Angiotensin II (AII) appears essential in remnant kidney models of renal injury in rats, and renal injury was reduced by angiotensin-converting enzyme inhibitor (ACEI). To determine whether this is due to AII blockade or other actions of ACEI, we studied a nonpeptide AII type 1 receptor antagonist and an ACEI in partially nephrectomised spontaneously hypertensive rats (SHR). Thirty SHR underwent surgery and were divided into three equal groups: Control, TCV (0.5 mg/kg/day TCV-116), and CAP (30 mg/kg/day captopril). All SHR received a 5%-NaCl diet. Systolic blood pressure (SBP) and urinary protein were measured at 2-week intervals. Serum total protein, albumin, urea nitrogen, and creatinine were determined at week 8. Glomerular filtration rate (GFR) and renal blood flow (RBF) were measured at weeks 4 and 8. Renal injury was evaluated histopathologically. TCV and CAP reduced SBP at week 2 and proteinuria at week 8. GFR and RBF fell in all groups, but decreases were not significant in treated SHR and histopathological changes were significantly ameliorated. All blockade by TCV or CAP reduces renal injury in salt-loaded SHR with partial renal ablation. AII is essential in remnant kidney models of renal injury, and AII blockade is essential in renal protection by ACEI.

Angiotensin Receptor Antagonists↗
PubMed1994

Nephrosclerosis, glycohemoglobin, cholesterol, and smoking in subjects dying of coronary heart disease.

Subjects dying of coronary heart disease (CHD) were compared with subjects in a control (basal) group in two series of forensic autopsies. Serum cholesterol assessed in postmortem heart blood was significantly greater in the CHD than in the basal group. CHD subjects were smokers more often than basal subjects, as determined from postmortem serum thiocyanate levels, but the statistical significance is ambiguous (P < 0.06). After exclusion of overt diabetics, a stepwise increase in the percentage of subjects with CHD was observed throughout the normal range for glycohemoglobin. Fibroplasia of small renal arteries, the most reliable postmortem proxy for hypertension, did not differ between CHD and basal groups. These results suggest that young (mean age 49.2 yr) black and white men and women classified from autopsy findings as having CHD as cause of death are often not hypertensive, but instead tend to be hyperlipidemic and glucose intolerant. A surprising result was that arteriolar hyalinization and arterial fibroplasia of the renal cortex often failed to parallel each other between groups of subjects. This was true in comparisons between black and white, male and female, blood cholesterol and glycohemoglobin groupings, and between CHD and basal subjects. This outcome suggests that hyalinization of renal arterioles is an especially reliable marker for CHD and that this association may not be mediated entirely through high blood pressure.

Adult↗