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At least 307 records · Page 17Linked to original sources
PubMedDate not supplied

[Immunization with cellulose-immobilized antigens. The development of A. E. Gurvitch concept].

A highly purified TUL4-CBD chimeric protein was obtained by one stage purification method. TUL4-CBD protein consists of TUL4 Francisella tularensis mature peptide sequence, Gly-Ser spacer and cellulose binding domain (CBD) of Anaerocellum thermophilum. The TUL4-CBD protein was shown to induce production of specific antibodies to TUL4 protein in laboratory animals.

Adjuvants, Immunologic↗
PubMed1991

Clinical evaluation of a scintigraphic method for diagnosing inflammations/infections using indium-111-labeled nonspecific human IgG.

This study was undertaken as part of a Phase II study to assess the sensitivity and safety of 111In-DTPA-human IgG, an imaging agent for the detection of inflammations and/or infections. Forty patients with infection/inflammation on the basis of clinical findings, microbiologic results, and/or the basis of results from other imaging modalities were studied. For evaluation of sensitivity, whole-body images were obtained at 6-12 hr (early) and 20-28 hr (delayed) postinjection and occasionally at 48 hr. No adverse reactions were recorded in any of the 40 patients studied. Positive results were obtained in 37 of 37 evaluable subjects (100%). The test appears to be a promising method for the detection of inflammation and/or infection.

Adult↗
PubMedDate not supplied

Detection of focal infection by 111In-human polyclonal IgG.

Eleven patients with suspected foci of inflammation and/or infection were scanned with 111In-labeled polyclonal human IgG. Seven patients were suspected of having the source of their infection in the abdomen, three in the musculoskeletal system and one in the thoracic aorta. The test was truly positive in seven patients, truly negative in three and falsely negative in one. All the true positive cases showed abnormally increased radiopharmaceutical uptake at the site of infection by six hours, suggesting the diagnosis, although the intensity of uptake increased progressively 24 hours later. There were no untoward effects noted in this series. This examination is potentially useful in the early depiction of focal sources of infection/inflammation.

Abscess↗
PubMed1991

Infectious imaging with indium-111-labeled nonspecific polyclonal human immunoglobulin.

Nonspecific polyclonal immunoglobulin (IgG), prepared from pooled human serum gamma globulin and labeled with 111In has been reported to be equivalent to antigen-specific antibody in the detection of focal infection or inflammation during the first 24 hr after injection. We describe our experience in a Phase II clinical study using 111In-IgG in 15 patients (8 males, 7 females) ranging from 26 to 80 (mean = 50) yr of age with suspected focal infection/inflammation. Pathologic confirmation was obtained in 5/15 cases. A combination of clinical course, laboratory results, and other imaging procedures were used to categorize the other 10 patients. One possible false-negative involved a presumed aspiration pneumonia in a patient with a history of aspiration, bibasilar infiltrates on chest film, and no other identified source of infection. Otherwise, there were 10 confirmed positives, 4 confirmed negatives, and no false-positives. Our findings confirm earlier reports that 111In-IgG may be a superior imaging agent for infection/inflammation with practical advantages over 67Ga-citrate and 111In-labeled leukocytes.

Drug Evaluation↗
PubMed1988

Effect of a purified diet on dystrophic cardiac calcinosis in mice.

Male and female C3H/HeNCrl mice were divided into test groups and fed either a purified diet (AIN-76A) or a natural ingredient diet (NIH-07). Lesions of dystrophic cardiac calcinosis (DCC) were found to be more prevalent and more severe in mice fed the purified diet. The cardiac changes, which were similar in nature in both groups of mice, consisted of randomly distributed foci of myocardial mineralization and fibrosis. These lesions were not associated with clinical disease or significant alterations in serum calcium, lactic dehydrogenase, aspartate aminotransferase, alkaline phosphatase or creatine kinase levels. We conclude that AIN-76A purified diet should be utilized with caution in toxicology studies which use mice as experimental subjects, especially if the heart is a potential target organ.

Animals↗
PubMed1987

Role of fatty acyl coenzyme A oxidase in the efflux of oxidized glutathione from perfused livers of rats treated with the peroxisome proliferator nafenopin.

The diffusion of H2O2 into the cytoplasm from peroxisomes during high rates of peroxisomal beta oxidation of fatty acids was studied in perfused livers from rats treated with the hepatocarcinogenic peroxisome proliferator, nafenopin. Efflux of oxidized glutathione (GSSG) into the bile was used as a measure of increased H2O2 supply for cytoplasmic glutathione peroxidase. Male F-344 rats were given methylcellulose vehicle or nafenopin (80 mg/kg/day) by gavage for 5-8 days and livers perfused in situ with Krebs-Henseleit buffer containing 50 microM taurocholate and 0.75 g/100 ml albumin. In livers from fed, vehicle-treated or fed, nafenopin-treated rats basal rates of GSSG efflux were about 60 nmol/g/h. Subsequent infusion of 350 microM lauric acid, an excellent substrate for peroxisomal beta-oxidation, had no effect on GSSG efflux. To maximize fatty acid oxidation rats were fasted 16-20 h. In livers from fasted, nafenopin-treated rats the basal rate of GSSG efflux was 384 +/- 85 (SE) nmol/g/h (n = 8). Subsequent infusion of lauric acid increased the rate to 940 +/- 138 nmol/g/h. In livers from fasted, vehicle-treated rats lauric acid caused GSSG efflux to increase slightly from 104 +/- 14 to 286 +/- 37 nmol/g/h (n = 9). Efflux of reduced glutathione in bile was similar in livers from fasted, vehicle-treated (163 +/- 15 nmol/g/h) and fasted, nafenopin-treated rats (135 +/- 17 nmol/g/h) and decreased about 30% with lauric acid infusion. N-Octanoyl and oleoyl coenzyme A were excellent substrates for cyanide-insensitive NAD+ reduction in liver homogenates from fasted, nafenopin-treated rats whereas n-butyl, linoleoyl, and arachidonyl coenzyme A were poor substrates. Infusion of octanoate and oleate caused large increases in GSSG efflux from perfused livers from fasted, nafenopin-treated rats. In contrast, butyrate, linoleate, and arachidonate had no effect on GSSG efflux from livers from fasted, nafenopin-treated rats. Octanoate, oleate, linoleate, butyrate, and arachidonate had no effect on GSSG efflux from livers from fasted, vehicle-treated rats. Infusion of 2-bromooctanoate (600 microM) completely blocked lauric acid-induced increases in GSSG efflux and acetoacetate and beta-hydroxybutyrate production in livers from fasted, nafenopin-treated rats. Infusion of 1-3-bis(2-chloroethyl)-1-nitrosourea reduced glutathione reductase activity by 90% but did not alter lauric acid-induced increases in GSSG efflux or ketogenesis in livers from fasted, nafenopin-treated rats.(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 400 WORDS)

Acyl-CoA Oxidase↗