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Results for “ORTHODONTIC APPLIANCES”

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At least 307 records · Page 17Linked to original sources
PubMed2003

Effect of a triclosan-containing dental gel on the levels of prostaglandin I2 and interleukin-1beta in gingival crevicular fluid from adolescents with fixed orthodontic appliances.

The effect of a triclosan-containing (0.3%) dental gel on inflammatory mediators in gingival crevicular fluid (GCF) was evaluated in 14 healthy adolescents undergoing orthodontic treatment with fixed appliances. A double-blind randomized split-mouth study design was used with color-coded experimental and placebo gels. The gel was self-applied for 5 min twice daily for 14 days in custom-made soft plastic trays. Clinic al data (visible plaque index (VPI) and gingival bleeding index (GBI) and samples of GCF were collected at baseline and after 1, 2, 4, and 6 weeks. The concentrations of prostaglandin I2 (PGI2) and interleukin-1beta (IL-1beta were determined by radioimmuno- and enzyme-linked immunosorbent assays, respectively. No clinical effects of the gel applications regarding amount of plaque or gingival bleeding were unveiled. Neither the experimental nor the placebo gel applications caused any statistically significant alterations in the inflammatory mediators, PGI2 and IL-1beta, compared to baseline. In conclusion, the present study did not reveal any beneficial cffects of the triclosan-containing gel regimen on mild gingivitis in adolescents with fixed orthodontic appliances.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1996

An original orthodontic appliance for experimental mesial movements in rats.

The design of an original appliance to achieve mesial movement of the first upper molar on one side in rat is presented. The appliance is constructed in 0.4 mm stainless steel wire forming a parallelepiped 3 mm in width in its anterior sector, 4 mm in width in its posterior sector and 12 mm in length in its lateral branches. In addition a central longitudinal bar is welded to the structure. The lateral branches of the appliance slide freely through the tubes welded to the palatal aspect of the molar bands, cemented in turn to both first molars. A wire 2 mm in length is welded in the anchorage area to the mesial side of the molar tube at 3 mm from the anterior end of the appliance, which acts as a butt. A pre-formed nickel-titanium open coil spring 0.23 mm thick, lumen 0.60 mm and 5.00 mm in length is placed distal to the molar tube. The spring is compressed by 1 mm of its original length, the final force being approximately 50 g. The movement achieved was measured on plaster casts obtained from pre and postoperative impressions, and afforded values of 0.250 mm +/- 0.790 mm on the active side and 0.012 +/- 0.011 mm on the passive side. The histologic studies showed an extensive erosive area on the pressure side of the alveolar wall. The appliance presented will be useful to achieve models of experimental movements of only one molar towards mesial with a force of known magnitude.

Animals↗
PubMed1995

The effect of ArF-excimer laser irradiation of the human enamel surface on the bond strength of orthodontic appliances.

This study investigated enamel laser conditioning as an alternative to acid etching in bracket therapy. In preliminary experiments optimal laser parameters for achieving a bond strength of 6-10 N/mm2 were defined. Enamel surface morphology was assessed and the ablation depth was measured on serial enamel sections. Thirty human molars were exposed to 193 nm ArF-excimer laser radiation (energy density: 260 mJ/cm2) by single pulse application of 23 nanoseconds. Thirty molars were etched with phosphoric acid (37%) for 60 seconds. The brackets from the treated molars and 30 untreated molars were debonded vertically for tensile bond strength measurement. Roughened enamel surfaces were attained by 450 and 900 laser pulses with a mean ablation depth of 10.13 +/- 4.84 microns. After 1-10 laser pulses, the enamel surface appeared intact. The tensile bond strength was 6.63 +/- 2.18 N/mm2 in the laser-treated group (1 pulse), 8.75 +/- 3.61 N/mm2 in the acid-etched group, and 4.61 +/- 3.15 N/mm2 in the untreated group. We conclude a laser-selective ablation of the membranous enamel pellicle. Since the irradiated area can be adapted to bracket base and the enamel surface remains morphologically intact, pulsed ArF-excimer laser treatment seems to be superior to the acid etching technique.

Acid Etching, Dental↗
PubMedDate not supplied

[Temporomandibular joint involvement in juvenile idiopathic arthritis: treatment with an orthodontic appliance].

OBJECTIVE: About 65% of children suffering from juvenile idiopathic arthritis (JIA) shows a more or less marked involvement of temporo-mandibular joint (TMJ) with altered mandibular growth, resorption of the condyles, occlusary instability, reduced chewing ability and facial dysmorphia. The purpose of our study is to prevent and to treat the progressive evolution of JIA on craniofacial growth and morphology with a functional appliance; surgery should be considered only in so far as the adequacy of TMJ movement is concerned. METHODS: From 1992 until now 72 children with proved JIA and TMJ involvement have been treated (50 females, 22 males, aged 6 to 16 years old). TMJ involvement was bilateral in 61% and unilateral in 39% of patients. A diagnostic workup was carried out involving tomograms of TMJ and cephalometric radiograph and analysis. The authors used a bimaxillary activator in the attempt to modify the unfavourable growth pattern and provide a gradual ante-rotation of the jaw. RESULTS: Almost all JIA patients showed satisfactory long term results, easing of pain, reduced skeletal discrepancy, increased function and good facial profile. CONCLUSIONS: The long term results of this study indicate that orthopaedic therapy might control the vicious circle of the malocclusion in children with JIA, preventing exacerbation of mandibular clockwise rotation. Surgical intervention for the improvement of TMJ function should be considered only if a severe restricted state is imminent.

Adolescent↗
PubMed2005

The effect of topical fluorides on decalcification in patients with fixed orthodontic appliances: a systematic review.

INTRODUCTION: Decalcification is a significant problem during fixed orthodontic treatment. Topical Fluorides can reduce or eliminate the problem, but the relative effectiveness of different treatments or combinations of topical fluoride preparations is unknown. This systematic review was undertaken to determine the effectiveness of topical fluoride preparations in preventing decalcification during fixed orthodontic treatment. METHODS: A wide search of published and unpublished material in any language was undertaken by using general and specialist databases; key dental journals were searched by hand. Predefined inclusion criteria based on objective outcome measures of decalcification, duration of treatment, presence of a comparison group, and study design were applied to determine study selection. Included studies were double extracted onto pre-designed data extraction sheets. RESULTS AND CONCLUSIONS: By screening titles and abstracts, we identified 143 articles; after the inclusion criteria were applied, 7 reports (of 6 studies) remained. Differences in the methodologies and reporting made statistical analysis impossible. However, the use of topical fluorides in addition to fluoride toothpaste reduced the incidence of decalcification in populations with both fluoridated and non-fluoridated water supplies. Different preparations and formats appear to decrease decalcification, but there was no evidence that any 1 method was superior. There was some evidence that the potency of fluoride preparations might be important.

Cariostatic Agents↗