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Results for “SALMONELLA INFECTIONS”

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PubMed1989

[Epidemiology of Salmonella infections in the Lithuanian Soviet Republic and organizational principles in their prevention].

The epidemiological analysis of salmonella infection in Lithuania in the last 10 years is presented. Data are shown concerning unequal spread of infections depending on the region, the incidence in relation to age, occupation. The aetiological structure of the organism and other parameters of the epidemiological process are discussed calling a particular attention to the analysis of factors and conditions determining the spread of salmonelloses among mammals, birds and humans, and the organizational principles of control and prevention of these infections.

Adult↗
PubMed1995

[Acute myocarditis in non-typhoid Salmonella infection].

The authors report a case of myocarditis secondary to a Salmonella Virchow infection in a 20 year old non-immunodeficient man without a previous medical history. The outcome was favourable after treatment with fluoroquinolone. The features of this rare complication of non-typhic salmonella infection are discussed with respect to this and four other recently published cases.

Acute Disease↗
PubMed1987

[Changes in the nonspecific factors of body protection in experimental Salmonella infection].

Cytochemical studies of the components of intracellular microbicidal system of leukocytes were performed on rabbits. Two experimental models of Salmonella infection were used. With the oral infection by S. typhimurium the mild form of experimental salmonellosis was noticed. The decrease in myeloperoxidase activity and cation protein and lipid content, as well as an increase in glycogen content and NBT-test activity were observed. Intravenous injection of S. typhimurium endotoxin produced the clinical pattern of endotoxin shock. The activity of all the variables tested was decreased. It returned to standard values 120-240 hours after endotoxin injection.

Animals↗
PubMedDate not supplied

The prevalence of Salmonella infections in camels (Camelus dromedarius) in the United Arab Emirates.

One hundred and eighty-seven salmonella strains were isolated from 4006 samples collected from camels in the United Arab Emirates between 1987 and 1991. One hundred and sixty-five (4.3%) strains were isolated from 3801 faecal and 22 from 205 organ samples of 62 autopsied camels. In total, 28 different serotypes were identified with S. saintpaul being the most frequent (69), followed by S. frintrop (31) and S. hindmarsh (15). Salmonella typhimurium was isolated from only two faecal specimens. All salmonellas isolated from faecal samples originated from carrier camels, and those isolated from organs were secondary findings. The camels from which salmonella organisms were found died from diseases other than salmonellosis. Most of the S. saintpaul isolates originated from one herd suffering from Clostridium perfringens type A enterotoxaemia which suggests that salmonella infections may predispose camels to clostridial enterotoxaemias.

Animals↗
PubMed2006

A model of Salmonella infection within industrial house hens.

Salmonella is one of the major sources of toxi-infection in humans. Incidences of human salmonellosis have greatly increased over the past 20 years and this can largely be attributed to epidemics of Salmonella enteritidis phage type 4 within poultry. The main concern with this bacterium is the existence of silent carriers, i.e. animals harbouring S. enteritidis without expressing any visible symptoms. In this article, we formulate a model for S. enteritidis transmission in hen houses, considering both the hens and the environmental bacterium contamination. By considering the hen's individual development of the disease, we build a model for the production of eggs contaminated by S. enteritidis. The objectives are to analyse the dynamic of the disease, and to provide understanding of measures to avoid the endemicity of S. enteritidis in industrial hen houses.

Animals↗
PubMed2005

Bone marrow immunosuppression in Salmonella-infected mice is prolonged following influenza virus infection.

OBJECTIVE: It has been shown previously that infection with diverse viruses induces alterations in bone marrow lineage-specific progenitor cells. As complications arising from secondary bacterial infections can adversely affect the host, we investigated whether virally induced hematological alterations could contribute to the enhanced illness observed in such cases. MATERIALS AND METHODS: Mice were infected with influenza virus alone or influenza virus followed by a vaccine strain of Salmonella typhimurium. The effects on hematopoiesis were analyzed by fluorescein-activated cell sorting analysis and immunohistology. RESULTS: Systemic Salmonella typhimurium infection induces depletion of bone marrow erythroid and lymphoid cells. The depletion lasted longer in mice that had been previously infected with influenza virus, compared with mice that had been previously treated with allantoic fluid. Although an increase in splenic lymphoid cells was apparent in the spleens of Salmonella-infected mice, the majority of cells in the enlarged spleens were found to be both immature and mature erythrocytes. CONCLUSION: These results show that bone marrow progenitor cell depletion induced by bacterial infection is prolonged following a viral infection. It is possible that hematological alterations may contribute to the enhanced clinical illness observed in consecutive viral:bacterial infections.

Animals↗
PubMed1977

[Salmonella infections].

Inspite of a high standard of hygiene, infections due to salmonellae are increasing in the highly developed countries. In the Federal Republic of Germany 36 000 cases were reported in 1976; the number of unreported cases is probably five times higher. Practical and clinical aspects make it necessary to differentiate between typhoidal, systemic infections and enteric salmonellosis, which normally remains localized in the gut. In the treatment of typhoid fever, co-trimoxazole seems to be a potent drug which can replace chloramphenicole. In cases of enteritis due to salmonellae the most important therapeutic aim is to replace the loss of fluid. This can be achieved in most cases by an oral glucose-electrolyte-solution. Antibiotics are of no value in these cases. The treatment of prolonged excretion of salmonellae with the stool remains a problem. Antibiotics usually fail. Some authors have tried drugs which tend to normalize the bacterial flora of the gut; there are no controlled studies about the effectiveness of this kind of treatment.

Amoxicillin↗
PubMed1999

Host cytokine response and resistance to Salmonella infection.

Knowledge of the host response, of the resistance process, and of the mediators committed against Salmonella infection is essential to progress towards better means of prophylaxis and eradication. In this context, the present contribution attempts to interconnect, with the pivotal role of the macrophage, the early resistance process under the control of the Nramp1 gene and the cytokine response for resolving infection. IL-12 produced by macrophages is an inducer of IFN-gamma production, which in turn activates the macrophage antibacterial activity and synergizes its effects with TNF-alpha. All three of these cytokines are powerful actors in the first line of anti-Salmonella defence. It can be pointed out that susceptible and resistant individuals do not seem to see the cytokine environment the same way, the former being unresponsive to IL-1 or GM-CSF treatment and deficient in IFN-gamma production. These discrepancies may rely on cell signalling events that could be defective in macrophages of the susceptible phenotype.

Animals↗
PubMed1986

Recurrent salmonella infection with a single strain in the acquired immunodeficiency syndrome. Confirmation by plasmid fingerprinting.

Five weeks before the development of acquired immunodeficiency syndrome (AIDS), a 38-yr-old homosexual man had symptomatic gastroenteritis that resolved without antibiotic treatment. His stool culture was positive for Salmonella typhimurium at that time. The patient subsequently developed Pneumocystis carinii pneumonia and received a 10-day course of intravenous trimethoprim-sulfamethoxazole. He developed salmonella bacteremia 4 months later. The salmonella isolates from the stool and blood were susceptible to trimethoprim-sulfamethoxazole. Comparison of cryptic plasmids showed a pattern identical to the initial salmonella infection, so infection with a new strain did not cause the bacteremia. This finding illustrates the utility of plasmid fingerprinting as a diagnostic tool, and suggests that persons with AIDS, or those at high risk with prodromal symptoms, should receive prompt, effective therapy for nontyphoidal salmonella gastroenteritis.

Acquired Immunodeficiency Syndrome↗