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At least 307 records · Page 17Linked to original sources
PubMed1998

Fracture of the ulnar sesamoid of the metacarpophalangeal joint of the thumb: a case report.

Fracture of the thumb sesamoid bones is rare. We report here a fracture of the ulnar sesamoid in a 25-year-old man caused by a fall on his outstretched hand. He complained of pain and loss of thumb motion. Physical examination revealed tenderness, swelling, and a hematoma over the first metacarpal joint of the right thumb. Radiographs showed a fracture of the ulnar sesamoid which should not be confused with normal variants that occasionally arise from ossifications centers that fail to unite.

Accidental Falls↗
PubMedDate not supplied

The simple bunion: anatomy at the metatarsophalangeal joint of the great toe.

The pathomechanics for the development of the hallux valgus deformity takes place at the first metatarsophalangeal joint--the sesamoid complex. The sesamoid complex consists of seven muscles, eight ligaments, and two sesamoid bones. When the first metatarsal escapes the complex and drifts medially, the sesamoids remain twisted in situ, several of the ligaments "fail," and others contract. The authors propose reduction of the metatarsus primus varus by first metatarsal osteotomy and appropriate ligament releases and plications to restore alignment. A detailed understanding of the pathomechanics is essential for proper interpretation of the problems and anticipated lasting surgeries.

Hallux Valgus↗
PubMed1992

Use of autogenous cancellous bone graft for treatment of osteolytic defects in the phalanges of three cattle.

Osteolytic defects were detected radiographically in the distal sesamoid bone of a 16-month-old Bralers heifer, in the middle phalanx of a 14-month-old American Gray Brahman bull, and in the distal phalanx of a 3-year-old American Gray Brahman bull. The articular cartilage was damaged in each animal because of osteolysis or pathologic fracture. After each animal was anesthetized and positioned in lateral recumbency, the lesions were curetted and packed with cancellous bone harvested from the same animal's tuber coxae. Basic postoperative management involved stall rest and immobilization of the graft site with a fiberglass cast (42 to 79 days), after which a support bandage was used for approximately 2 weeks. Recurrence of lameness has not been observed in these animals for 60 months, 58 months, and 21 months, respectively. These cases exemplify the benefit of using an autogenous cancellous bone graft for treatment of severe osteolysis of a digit in cattle.

Animals↗
PubMed1978

Stress fractures caused by physical exercise.

A series of 142 stress fractures caused by sporting activities and physical exercise is presented. 121 fractures occurred in athletes and 21 in non-competitive sportsmen. Distance runners presented with 68 fractures, skiers 12, sprinters 10, orienteering runners 9, vaulters 3, and football-players 3 fractures. Athletes engaged in other events had fewer stress fractures. 76 fractures occurred in the tibia, 26 in the metatarsal bones, 20 in the fibula, 5 in the femoral neck, 4 in the femoral shaft, and 2 in the metacapal bones, lower pubic arch and sesamoid bones of the first MTP-joint. There was one fracture of each of the following: the humeral shaft, the ulna, the vertebral arch of L 5, the tarsal navicular and the proximal phalanx of the fifth toe. The treatment was generally a pause in training for 4-6 weeks, on the average. Running caused most of the stress fractures; the rest followed jumping exercises. The athletes mostly developed stress fractures during a period of alteration from one training session to another or during the preparation period close to the competition season. Joggers usually developped stress fractures 2-4 months after the beginning of regular training.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1997

Gout: rare cause of hallucal sesamoid pain: a case report.

Tophaceous gout is commonly encountered and is amenable to effective medical management. A rare case of tophaceous gout in a tripartite medial sesamoid bone of the great toe is presented. Clinical presentation, differential diagnosis, and treatment of hallucal sesamoid pain are discussed.

Acute Disease↗
PubMed1976

The treatment of some fractures of the forelimb in the horse.

Sir Frederick Hobday's service as a Veterinary Officer in the Army Veterinary Corps during the Great War 1914-1918 is recorded. This is followed by a description of the fractures of the distal forelimb which can be treated satisfactorily by surgery, and includes fractures of the carpal, the small metacarpal, the proximal sesamoid bones, the first phalanx and the extensor process of the third phalanx.

Animals↗
PubMed1991

Fracture and posterior dislocation of the os peroneum associated with rupture of the peroneus longus tendon.

Subcutaneous rupture of the peroneus longus tendon occurring through a fracture of the os peroneum (OP) or secondary to posterior dislocation of this uncommon sesamoid bone is rare. The authors report three incidents of this injury, which presented either as fracture of the OP with diastasis of the fragments or as posterior dislocation of the whole OP without fracture. In all cases conservative treatment yielded satisfactory results. It is emphasized that, in all cases of ankle injury, radiologists should carefully examine the plain radiographs because most OP injuries are not seen in images obtained at the time of injury and are discovered retrospectively when the fragments separate. Not treating the problem at an early stage may lead to instability of the ankle or to peroneal compartment syndrome.

Ankle Injuries↗
PubMed1980

Avulsion fracture of the fibular sesamoid in association with dorsal dislocation of the metatarsophalangeal joint of the hallux: report of a case and review of the literature.

A case of avulsion fracture of the lateral sesamoid is reported in association with dislocation of themetatarsophalangeal joint of the hallux. The radiographic criteria to establish the diagnosis of fracture in sesamoid bones are outlined. Review of the literature reveals only one other reported case associated with a hallux dislocation, and in that case, the radiographic diagnosis was not clearly established.

Aged↗
PubMed2006

Racing performance after arthroscopic removal of apical sesamoid fracture fragments in Thoroughbred horses age > or = 2 years: 84 cases (1989-2002).

REASONS FOR PERFORMING STUDY: Studies have shown that surgical removal of apical fracture fragments in Standardbred racehorses carries the best prognosis for return to racing performance, but there are no reports involving mature Thoroughbred (TB) racehorses. OBJECTIVES: To describe the incidence of apical proximal sesamoid fractures in TB racehorses and determine probability and quality of racing performance after arthroscopic removal of such fractures in TB racehorses age > or = 2 years. METHODS: Medical records and pre- and post operative race records of TB racehorses age > or = 2 years that underwent arthroscopic surgery for removal of apical proximal sesamoid fracture fragments were reviewed. RESULTS: Sixty-four percent of fractures occurred in the hindlimbs and 36% in the forelimbs. Horses with forelimb fractures had a reduced probability of return to racing (67%) compared to those with hindlimb fractures (83%), but the majority (77%) of treated horses recovered to return to race post operatively. Horses with medial forelimb fractures raced at only a 47% rate; those with suspensory desmitis at 63%. Unlike Standardbreds, there was no difference in probability of racing post operatively between horses that had, and had not, raced preoperatively. CONCLUSIONS: Data show that arthroscopic removal of apical proximal sesamoid fracture fragments is successful at restoring ability to race in skeletally mature TB horses without evidence of severe suspensory ligament damage. Prognosis for return to racing is excellent (83%) in horses with hindlimb fractures and good (67%) in those with forelimb fractures. Medial fractures of the forelimb have the worst prognosis. POTENTIAL RELEVANCE: The determination of prognosis for differing sites in TB racehorses should increase knowledge of apical proximal sesamoid bone fractures and improve communication from veterinarian to owner, and trainer, on the potential for arthroscopic restoration of the ability to race.

Age Factors↗
PubMed2007

Racing performance after arthroscopic removal of apical sesamoid fracture fragments in Thoroughbred horses age < 2 years: 151 cases (1989--2002).

REASONS FOR PERFORMING STUDY: Studies on arthroscopic removal of apical proximal sesamoid fracture fragments in Thoroughbred (TB) horses age > or = 2 years have reported a high success rate. However, there are no reports documenting the racing prognosis of TB horses that undergo such surgery as weanlings or yearlings. OBJECTIVES: To describe the incidence of apical proximal sesamoid fractures in immature TB horses, age < 2 years and determine probability and quality of racing performance after arthroscopic removal of such fractures in 151 TB weanlings and yearlings. METHODS: The medical records of TB horses age < 2 years that underwent arthroscopic surgery for removal of apical proximal sesamoid fracture fragments were reviewed. Follow-up information was obtained from race records. Student's t tests were used to compare performance variables of operated racehorses to that of their maternal siblings. RESULTS: Ninety-two percent (139/151) of fractures occurred in the hindlimbs and 8% (11/151) in the forelimbs (fracture of both fore- and hindlimb, n = 1). Horses with forelimb fractures had a greatly reduced probability of racing (55%) compared to those with hindlimb fractures (86%). Overall, 84% of the horses raced post operatively and had performance records similar to that of their maternal siblings, 78% (787/1006) of which raced. CONCLUSIONS: Arthroscopic removal of apical proximal sesamoid fracture fragments in TB weanlings and yearlings carries an excellent prognosis for racing in horses with hindlimb fractures and a reduced prognosis in those with forelimb fractures. Medial fractures of the forelimb carry the worst prognosis. POTENTIAL RELEVANCE: The determination of prognosis increases knowledge on apical sesamoid bone fractures and potential for arthroscopic restoration of the ability to race; and enables the value of yearlings for subsequent sale to be established.

Age Factors↗
PubMed1994

Hyperextension injuries of the MP joint of the thumb.

We report 26 cases of hyperextension injury of the MP joint of the thumb. These were classified into the following three categories; dorsal dislocation of the MP joint or volar plate avulsion; locking of the MP joint and fracture of the sesamoid bone. We report the pathomechanics and clinical features of these injuries.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1998

Malignant schwannoma in a red deer (Cervus elaphus).

A five-year-old female red deer (Cervus elaphus) was in poor condition and severely lame on the left hindleg owing to a 19.4 cm x 15.9 cm mass involving and destroying the distal end (head) of metatarsal bones III and IV, the proximal sesamoid bones and the first phalanges (III and IV). The histopathological analysis revealed a spindle cell tumour with frequent palisade arrangement (Antoni type A pattern), and with highly anaplastic tumour cells in some areas. Structures resembling peripheral nerves were identified within the tumour. The neoplastic cells reacted with vimentin in a cytoplasmic pattern, and almost all of them reacted with S-100 protein in a nuclear and cytoplasmic pattern and did not express neurofilament, glial fibrillary acidic protein or keratins. This immunophenotype and the histopathological features were consistent with a diagnostic of malignant schwannoma. It was atypical because of the species affected, the location and the local malignancy.

Animals↗
PubMed1979

[Mineral saturation, ossification and synostosis of the hand bones in adolescents and youth].

The results on X-ray densitometric studies of the hand bones in adolescent and young people at the age of 10--17 years (369 persons in all) are presented in the work. Processes of mineralization, ossification and synostosis, as the investigation has demonstrated, are closely connected with each other. From the beginning of ossification in the pisiform and sesamoid bones of the first metacarpophalageal joint (11--12 years of age) up to the completion of synostosis in short tubular bones of the hand (15--16 years of age), a decrease of mineral salts is noted in osseous tissue. Hence, accumulation of mineral salts in skeleton of children and adolescent persons does not occur smoothly, but rather distinctly reflects those functional changes which take place in the adolescent organism when the genital glands begin their increased activity.

Absorptiometry, Photon↗
PubMed1990

Great toe sesamoid injuries in the athlete.

Rare, but potentially debilitating, injuries in the athlete may originate from trauma to the sesamoid bones of the great toe. Controlled studies comparing conservative versus surgical treatment outcomes are lacking owing to the limited number of suspected and proven cases of sesamoid stress fracture or sesamoiditis, a nondescript, painful condition involving the sesamoid. Thus, familiarity with the anatomy and congenital variations of the sesamoid is necessary to identify possible pathology in this area. Existing studies of surgical and nonsurgical treatment of athletes with great toe sesamoid injuries are reviewed.

Athletic Injuries↗
PubMed1984

Morphological study of the transverse arch of the foot.

The morphological study of the transverse arch was carried out using serial transverse sections of the foot. Ten specimens of intact feet, composed of bones from the Chopart joint to metatarsal heads, were examined. This part of the foot could be divided into six levels depending on the features of the transverse arch: 1. scaphoid-cuboid level, 2. midtarsal level, 3. cuneiform level, 4. proximal metatarsal level, 5. distal metatarsal level, and 6. sesamoid level. The shape of the articular surfaces and the trabecular arrangement of the midtarsal, metatarsal, and sesamoid bones were also studied.

Adult↗
PubMed2002

Acromegalic arthropathy of the hand with sesamoid involvement: a case report.

Acromegalic arthropathy may affect the hand joints with characteristic radiological changes. Sesamoid involvement in the hand may be presented with unusual changes. A case of a female patient with characteristic hand joint and sesamoid bone osteophytic changes related to acromegalic arthropathy is presented.

Acromegaly↗
PubMed1999

Popliteal sesamoid displacement associated with cruciate rupture in the dog.

Distal displacement of the popliteal sesamoid is a useful parameter in the interpretation of tibial compression radiographs in cases of cranial cruciate ligament rupture in the dog. An accuracy of 99 per cent and a specificity of 100 per cent were achieved by assessing the localisation of the sesamoid bone in the diagnosis of cruciate disease.

Animals↗