PubMed Health⌕ Search

SEARCH · PubMed Health

Results for “Working Conditions”

Explore indexed PubMed citations for clinical trials, systematic reviews and public health research. Read source abstracts and follow each citation to its original PubMed record.

Quote a phrase for an exact phrase match. Source license links do not imply unrestricted reuse.

At least 307 records · Page 17Linked to original sources
PubMed2004

Physicians as clinical directors: working conditions, psychosocial resources and self-rated health.

BACKGROUND: Physicians in clinical directors' positions fulfil their commitments in demanding work environments characterized by organizational changes and economic cutbacks. Little is known about the self-rated health of this group. AIM: To investigate whether self-rated health was associated with psychosocial working conditions, professional networks, job support, social networks and social support, sick leave and salary in Swedish physicians working as clinical directors. METHODS: A self-reported questionnaire was sent to 373 clinical directors. Odds ratios (ORs) were used for estimating the bivariate association between self-rated health and psychosocial resources. RESULTS: A total of 274 clinical directors agreed to participate in the study. The response rate was 73%. The clinical directors exposed to high job demands had a significantly higher probability of low self-rated health [OR = 3.4 and 95% confidence interval (CI) = 1.6-7.0] than those who were not in this situation. Furthermore, participants who were exposed to high job demands had an increased risk of low self-rated health (OR = 3.8 and 95% CI = 1.8-8.1) irrespective of available social support inside or outside work. High average working hours more than doubled the risk of low self-rated health (OR = 2.2 and 95% CI = 1.1-4.4). CONCLUSION: The job demands on physicians in clinical directors' positions may exceed ordinary means of support with consequent adverse effects on self-rated health. More research is needed to investigate the interaction between job demands and support systems in this group of health care workers.

Administrative Personnel↗
PubMed1981

[Working conditions and psycho-physical predisposition of the personnel of the Veterinary Sanitary Inspection on detection of cysticercosis in cattle in the slaughterhouses].

Investigations were carried out in 8 industrial slaughter-houses and 19 co-operative slaughter-houses in Wielkopolska regional districts. Environmental conditions concerning the work of the personnel of the Veterinary Sanitary Inspection directly occupied on the posts of investigation of cattle after slaughter were estimated. The mentioned veterinary workers were subjected to general-medical, ophthalmic and psychological examinations in the co-operative of Provincial Specialistic Dispensaries in Poznań. Furthermore, during the period of 2 1/2 years in a selected industrial slaughter-house the influence of individual personal features of veterinary workers on the detection of Cysticercus bovis in investigations on cattle after slaughter was studied. On the ground of the investigations presented a distinct correlation between the obtained results of ophthalmic and psychological investigations and the general sanitary condition of veterinary workers as well as the quality and intensity of lighting in slaughter-houses and the effectiveness of investigations on cattle after slaughter on the presence C. bovis was found. The percentage of the detected cases of the cattle cysticercosis was 7 times higher in industrial slaughter-houses than in co-operative slaughter-houses in regional districts. The performed investigations on the influence of individual personal features of veterinary workers on the detection of C. bovis in selected industrial slaughter-houses--have shown essential differences concerning the effectiveness of these investigations after slaughter carried out by individual persons, who detected cysticercosis during the investigation of heads from 0,40 to 3,58%, inner organs (hearts, lungs and so on) from 0,08 to 1,71% and carcasses of cattle from 0 to 0,08%. From the above observations it appears, that a proper selection of persons as well as a current individual estimation of the work of the sanitary-veterinary supervision are also essential elements stimulating the detection of cattle cysticercosis.

Abattoirs↗
PubMedDate not supplied

[Work conditions, labor fatigue and low birth weight among street vendors].

OBJECTIVE: This study presents the demographic, socioeconomic profile, working conditions and labor fatigue among fertile age street vendors in Mexico City. MATERIAL AND METHODS: 426 female street vendors were interviewed in Mexico City. This population was described and the association between the components labor fatigue and low birth weight (LBW) was analyzed by logistic regression in a subgroup of women who worked as street vendors during their last pregnancy. RESULTS: Of the interviewed group, 56% works more than 48 h per week, 87% had no social security, and 68% only had primary school level. The risk of LBW increased when workers had to cover selling quotes (OR 6.5, CI95% 1.3-31) when the merchandise were seasonal tools such as accessories or spare parts (OR 6.3, CI95% 1.5-26), when women had to exhibit their merchandise on the floor or carry it (OR 7.7 CI95% 1.8-32) and when financial support to initiate vending activities came from someone other than a close relative or friend (OR 7.4 CI95%, 1.2-44). CONCLUSIONS: These results contribute to identify the female vendors with higher risk of having child with LBW and suggest preventive actions.

Adolescent↗
PubMed2003

[Hygienic evaluation of work condition and health status of female telephone operators in information services].

The authors conducted hygienic evaluation of work conditions for female telephone operators of inquiry office. The article deals with characteristics of health state according to periodic medical examinations and with evaluation of the workers' reproductivity according to poll data. The analysis covered influence of sensory and emotional load on health state of female telephone operators.

Adolescent↗
PubMed2003

[Work conditions and occupational morbidity in Komi Republic].

The authors discuss some features of occupational morbidity among resident workers, deeply analyze state of occupational morbidity among coal mining workers. The article contains research results on premorbid conditions among miners of Transpolar regions, covers experience of complex influence on work conditions to better them.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1989

[The effect of physical working conditions on female reproduction].

The reproductive hazard of ionizing radiation has been known for half a century. In the last decade studies have demonstrated that many other physical conditions in the working environment affect human reproduction. Micro- and shortwaves are under suspicion of increasing the risk of malformations. The association between work at video display terminals and a raised risk of spontaneous abortion has not been confirmed. The slight suspicion of reduced birth weight in ultrasound exposed fetuses and the association between noise and preterm birth/low birth weight need further investigation. No reproductive hazard has been reported for women in cold or warm working environments. Physical effort and heavy lifting increase the risk of spontaneous abortion and preterm birth/low birth weight.

Female↗
PubMed2004

Working conditions, visual fatigue, and mental health among systems analysts in São Paulo, Brazil.

AIMS: To evaluate the association between working conditions and visual fatigue and mental health among systems analysts living in São Paulo, Brazil. METHODS: A cross sectional study was carried out by a multidisciplinary team. It included: ergonomic analysis of work, individual and group interviews, and 553 self applied questionnaires in two enterprises. The comparison population numbered 136 workers in different occupations. RESULTS: The study population mainly comprised young males. Among systems analysts, visual fatigue was associated with mental workload, inadequate equipment and workstation, low level of worker participation, being a woman, and subject's attitude of fascination by the computer. Nervousness and intellectual performance were associated with mental workload, inadequate equipment, work environment, and tools. Continuing education and leisure were protective factors. Work interfering in family life was associated with mental workload, difficulties with clients, strict deadlines, subject's attitude of fascination by the computer, and finding solutions of work problems outside work. Family support, satisfaction in life and work, and adequate work environment and tools were protective factors. Work interfering in personal life was associated with subject's attitude of fascination by the computer, strict deadlines, inadequate equipment, and high level of work participation. Satisfaction in life and work and continuing education were protective factors. The comparison population did not share common working factors with the systems analysts in the regression analysis. CONCLUSIONS: The main health effects of systems analysts' work were expressed by machine anthropomorphism, being very demanding, mental acceleration, mental absorption, and difficulty in dealing with emotions.

Adult↗
PubMed1992

Menstrual-cycle characteristics and work conditions of workers in poultry slaughterhouses and canneries.

The food and agriculture industry employs 14.6% of the female industrial work force in France. Workers are exposed to a variety of environmental and organizational constraints (eg, irregular schedules, cold, uncomfortable postures, repetitive movements). In 1987-1988 a medical examination and questionnaire were administered to 726 workers with menstrual periods in 17 poultry slaughterhouses and six canning factories. Anomalies (irregular cycles, amenorrhea, long cycles) during the previous year were associated with work conditions. After adjustment for relevant nonoccupational variables, irregular cycles were significantly related to schedule variability and cold exposure, amenorrhea was associated with cold exposure, and long cycles with schedule variability. Other parameters such as repetitive work, standing posture, lifting weights, job satisfaction, and hours of domestic work were not associated with cycle anomalies. Cycle anomalies may be a useful indicator of occupational effects on female reproduction, analogous to the use of sperm parameters to warn of effects on male workers.

Abattoirs↗
PubMed1999

Ergonomic strategies for improving working conditions in some developing countries in Asia.

Ergonomic action is growing in Asia in response to increasing local needs. Recent studies in some developing countries in Asia commonly developed and applied widely-applicable measures for assessing local needs in field conditions including small enterprises and agriculture. For this purpose, carefully examining the actual workplace conditions of the local people was essential. Consequently, a number of field studies could contributed to improving the working conditions of the local people in materials handling, workstation design, work organization and work environment by using available local resources. Building on local capacity and practice, action-oriented ergonomics training has also been developing and spreading into many workplaces. Various non-expert human resources including local government units, trade unions, industrial associations and the agricultural sectors have been mobilized to act as participatory trainers in the action-oriented ergonomic training programmes. Training tools such as action checklists, good local examples and group work dynamics have been developed and applied to such training activities. Learning from local achievements and focusing on locally available resources, ergonomists have facilitated these local action processes by developing action-oriented training tools and training local trainers. It was confirmed that a number of ergonomic improvements could be formulated by the self-help initiative of the local people when participatory action tools and training were provided. Developing flexible and dynamic ergonomic research and training methods to meet the diversifying needs of the local people will continuously be important. Ergonomists' efforts to cover the wider population and workplaces need to be strengthened and accelerated.

Asia↗
PubMed2006

[Work conditions and mental health among doctors from Salvador, Bahia, Brazil].

This cross-sectional study investigated the association between work conditions and minor psychological disorders (MPD) in a random sample of 350 doctors from Salvador City, State of Bahia, Brazil. Data were gathered using an individual, self-report questionnaire that incorporated the demand-control model (Job Content Questionnaire) to evaluate psychosocial aspects of the doctors' work and the Self-report Questionnaire (SRQ-20) to evaluate their mental health. The study found increased work overload, overtime and extended work shifts, multiple jobs, low income per hour worked, and unstable work arrangements with payment per procedure. The prevalence of MPD was 26.0% and was more strongly associated with aspects of the psychological demands of work than with the doctors' control over it. Doctors with high strain (high demand and low control) jobs showed MPD prevalence of 3.07 (95%IC: 1.38-6.85) times higher than those in low strain (low demand and high control) jobs.

Brazil↗
PubMed1989

[A questionnaire study on health of taxi drivers--relations to work conditions and daily life].

A questionnaire survey was conducted on 5,523 taxi drivers in Osaka Prefecture to investigate their working conditions and daily life as well as characteristics of their health condition and various effects on health, especially on their cardiovascular system. The major results of this survey were as follows: 1) The rate of subjective symptoms, morbidity rate and rate of poor physical condition over the past year in the taxi drivers were higher than those of the control group. Among the subjective symptoms, the rate of gastrointestinal disorders, fatigue, musculoskeletal system disorders, sensory system disorders, hemorrhoids, etc. was especially high. 2) Work shift, density of work, years of experience in taxi-driving, frequency of fright while driving, pattern of taking meals, way of recuperation on rest days or holidays, obesity, smoking, and intake of coffee and alcohol were found to be factors affecting the health of taxi drivers. 3) Nearly half of the respondents said that they would like to quit or change their job with as much as 62% giving "condition of health" as reason. On the other hand, the rate of heart-related symptoms such as palpitation, and breathlessness did not differ from that of the control group. The possible reason for this deduced from the foregoing results, is that there were some who had changed or quit the job at an early stage for health reasons such as heart trouble and severe physical and mental burden resulting from taxi driving. 4) Many taxi driver are obese and the rate of those with heart-related symptoms was considerably high among those classified as obese. In addition, the results showed that those with longer driving experience tended to be obese.

Adult↗
PubMed1989

[Hygienic evaluation of working conditions in furniture factories].

The studies embrace basic productive shops from two furniture enterprises with leading noxious factors of the work environment: toxic chemical substances, noise and vibration (local and general). The concentrations of nine chemical substances from the composition of the used acid-hardening varnishes (polishes) and carbamide-formaldehyde glue are defined. The total concentrations of the formed multicomponent mixtures of organic solvents are calculated. Data show that in a greater part of the work places are measured noise levels, surpassing the hygienic norms, from the range of medium to high frequency. The measured local and total vibrations are in the limits of the hygienic norms, provided that the exposure is limited to 15 minute daily. On the basis of the established concentration of the toxic chemical substances in the air of the work environment an assessment is made on the work conditions. The assessment is confirmed by the analysis of the objective changes in the examined specific biochemical, clinic and laboratory indices of workers. Conclusion is given that the workers from these work places are subject to high occupational risk.

Adult↗
PubMed2003

[Hygienic evaluation of work conditions, health status and determination of occupational risk for engineers and technicians in civil aviation].

The article deals with hygienic evaluation of work conditions, health state and determining occupational risk for engineers and technicians servicing aircrafts. The main hazards, according to the authors, are work intensity, high noise levels, air pollution with chemicals and unfavorable microclimate. A complex of prophylactic measures was justified.

Adult↗
PubMed1997

[How do working conditions of hospital personnel affect patients?].

This study was performed to investigate to which extent job satisfaction and psychosocial working environment could explain variations in patient satisfaction with treatment and care. Questionnaires were mailed to nursing staff and to patients in 17 in-patient treatment units within two Norwegian hospitals. 2408 patients (61 per cent) replied on detailed questions concerning satisfaction with care, and 488 employees (78 per cent) replied on detailed questions concerning job satisfaction and psychosocial working conditions. Associations between 77 factors related to job satisfaction and 14 domains of patient satisfaction were assessed by simple correlations and multiple regression procedures using patient, employee and treatment ward as unit of analysis. Job satisfaction concerning bureucracy/organization, information from superiors, level of knowledge among leadership, economic constraints, collaboration, backup, stress, autonomy, skill, in-service training and fighting spirit were all significantly associated with various domains of patient satisfaction (all p values < 0.05). The study strengthens the hypothesis that job satisfaction play an important role for patient care and satisfaction. Leadership, organisation and continuity seem crucial.

Humans↗
PubMed1993

Relationships between health status and working conditions and personalities among VDT workers.

A total of 486 visual display terminal (VDT) workers were surveyed on their health status, working conditions, type A state, and depression state through questionnaires. They were also divided into three groups by self-assessment: technocentered (TC), technoanxious (TA), and neither (N). The weekly working hours and daily VDT operating hours of the type A group were longer than those of non-type A group. Type A subjects had more symptoms than non-type A subjects. The mean weekly working hours of depressive group was 61.3 hr, much longer than that of the others. The TC subjects worked daily with the VDT for longer hours than the other subjects. The TA subjects felt most dissatisfied with their computer training (TC, 47.4%; N, 64.5%; TA, 91.7%). Awkward VDT operators were more often in the TA group (36.1%) than in the others (TC, 3.8%; N, 10.5%). The TA subjects had a higher previous history of duodenal ulcer than the others (TA, 13.9%; N, 4.6%; TC, 3.8%).

Adolescent↗
PubMed2004

Working conditions and dentists' attitude towards proprioceptive derivation.

Proprioceptive derivation (Pd), a new method of organising a dentist workstation as well as a working procedure, was introduced to Thailand. The aim of this study was to assess the working conditions and the attitude to Pd among experienced users. Questionnaires were distributed among 12 dentists. The results showed that all dentists chose to work in a sitting posture and mostly worked without breaks between patients. They spent less time on dental examination and crown and bridge therapy tasks. Solving problems in patients with physical limitations resulted in a low stress level. Seven dentists (58.3%) always used Pd and liked it. Five dentists (41.7%) sometimes used Pd, with 3 of them liking it. Only 2 dentists, who sometimes used Pd, did not like it because it could not cover all dental tasks and treatment, and it was difficult and complex.

Adult↗
PubMed1976

Measurement of protection factors of chemical cartridge, half-mask respirators under working conditions in a copper smelter.

The performance of three commonly used chemical cartridge respirators for SO2 was measured under working conditions in a copper smelter. An effective SO2 protection factor for each man-respirator trial was calculated as the ratio between average SO2 concentrations sampled outside the respirator mask and that simultaneously sampled from inside the mask. The in-use SO2 protection afforded by the three respirators proved to be highly variable with mean protection factors of 22, 18, and 13. The distributions of the protection factors and the effects of mask type, facial size, and mask comfort are discussed.

Air Pollutants, Occupational↗