SEARCH · PubMed Health

Results for “scratching”

Explore indexed PubMed citations for clinical trials, systematic reviews and public health research. Read source abstracts and follow each citation to its original PubMed record.

Quote a phrase for an exact phrase match. Source license links do not imply unrestricted reuse.

At least 307 records · Page 17Linked to original sources

PubMed2004

Acute hemiplegia associated with cat-scratch disease.

Cat scratch disease (CSD) is an infectious illness caused by a Gram-negative rod named Bartonella henselae. Typical CSD is characterized by a small skin lesion at the site of a scratch or a bite, followed by regional lymphadenopathy, one to two weeks later. Atypical forms may present as ocular manifestations, neurological manifestations, hepatosplenic involvement and vertebral osteomyelitis. Among neurological complications, encephalopathy is by far the most common. Other neurological manifestations are very rare. We report a case of an 11-year-old boy, with a posterior cervical lymphadenopathy and fever. Cat scratch disease was diagnosed and treated after a positive "Whartin-Starry" stain on lymph node biopsy. Two weeks after treatment, the patient was readmitted presenting an acute episode of left hemiplegia. A brain MRI demonstrated a right subcortical fronto-parietal lesion with no contrast enhancement. Complete recovery was observed after corticosteroid treatment.

Acute Disease↗

PubMed2002

Unilateral neuroretinitis and periparillary serous retinal detachment in cat-scratch disease.

Cat-scratch disease is a self-limited infection characterized by subacute regional lymphadenitis, which is usually preceded by a history of being scratched by a cat infected with the Bartonella species. Neuroretinitis, retinochoroiditis, isolated papillitis and peripapillary angiomatosis are features of posterior segment involvement. However, vision loss is very rare. We report a patient with cat-scratch disease associated with unilateral neuroretinitis and peripapillary serous retinal detachment, and discuss its fluorescein and indocyanine green angiographic features.

Adolescent↗

PubMed1997

Detection of antibodies to Bartonella henselae in clinically diagnosed cat scratch disease.

OBJECTIVE: To determine the usefulness of an indirect immunoflourescence antibody test for antibodies to Bartonella henselae in diagnosing cat scratch disease (CSD). DESIGN AND SETTING: Retrospective case survey of 354 patients whose sera were tested for antibodies to B. henselae at Royal Perth Hospital, Perth, and the Institute of Clinical Pathology and Medical Research, Sydney. In 1994; and measurement of the background prevalence of antibodies to B. henselae. MAIN OUTCOME MEASURES: Prevalence of antibodies to B. henselae, odds of a positive titre (> or = 64) in patients with and without specific risk factors for CSD and clinical features of the disease; prevalence of antibodies to B. henselae in randomly selected blood donors. RESULTS: Demographic, clinical and cat contact data were available for 303 patients. Sixty-four (21.1%) had a positive titre, as did 53 of 98 (54%) patients with a history of cat contact and lymphadenopathy. This proportion increased to 62% (38 of 61 patients) in patients with a history of cat scratch or bite and to 90.3% (28 of 31) in those with cat contact, lymphadenopathy and histological evidence of granulomatous lymphadenitis. Patients who developed lymphadenopathy after cat contact were significantly more likely to have a positive titre than those without this history (odds ratio [OR], 20.8; 95% confidence interval [95% Cl], 9.6-46; P < 0.0001). Inclusion of a history of a cat scratch or bite significantly raised the odds of being seropositive (OR, 13.7; 95% Cl, 6.8-28.1; P < 0.0001), and the presence of granulomas on lymph node biopsy further increased the odds (OR, 124.4; 95% Cl, 19.4-1073; P < 0.0001). The prevalence of antibodies to B. henselae in random blood donors in New South Wales was about 5% (five of 102 sera samples). CONCLUSIONS: The immunofluorescence antibody test for B. henselae can be expected to be positive in just over half the patients with clinically suspected CSD, and it has a positive predictive value of 83%. In a significant number of cases the diagnosis cannot be made on the basis of the results of immunofluorescence antibody testing alone and further investigations, including lymph node biopsy, may be required.

Adolescent↗

PubMed1993

Syndrome of Rochalimaea henselae adenitis suggesting cat scratch disease.

OBJECTIVE: To describe a clinical syndrome of cat scratch disease caused by Rochalimaea henselae, including methods for isolation of the organism from tissue and for identification. DESIGN: Case series. SETTING: U.S. Air Force referral hospital infectious diseases clinic. PATIENTS: Two previously healthy patients. MAIN MEASUREMENTS AND RESULTS: Two immunocompetent patients who had handled cats developed unilateral upper-extremity adenitis associated with a distal papular lesion and fever. The adenitis and distal lesions persisted and progressively worsened. Cultures of the involved lymph nodes from both patients grew R. henselae, a recently described organism associated with bacillary angiomatosis and peliosis hepatis in human immunodeficiency virus-infected patients and with bacteremia in immunocompromised and immunocompetent hosts. The organism was characterized as oxidase negative and X-factor dependent and had a characteristic pattern in analysis of whole-cell fatty acids differing from Afipia felis, a bacterium that has been associated with cat scratch disease. The identity of the isolate was confirmed by analysis of whole-cell fatty acids using gas chromatography and by amplification of the citrate synthetase gene sequence and analysis of the polymerase chain reaction-amplified product. The organisms were broadly susceptible to a variety of antimicrobials by broth microdilution; however in-vitro resistance to first-generation cephalosporins correlated with clinical failure of therapy. CONCLUSION: Rochalimaea henselae can be a cause of cat scratch disease in immunocompetent patients.

Adult↗

PubMed1999

[Cat-scratch disease: series of 14 cases. The diagnostic usefulness of serology].

BACKGROUND: Disease by cat scratch (CSD) is a syndrome characterized by regional adenopathies following cat scratch or bite. Despite knowing the etiologic agent of the same, there is still controversy in the diagnosis of the syndrome in daily clinical practice. MATERIALS AND METHODS: The cases of CSD diagnosed from 1990 to 1997 with positive serology for Bartonella henselae performed by indirect immunofluorescence were reviewed. RESULTS: In 13 out of the 14 patients studied direct contact with cats was reported. Lymph node involvement corresponded to the following regions: axillary (57%), inguinal (28%), epitroclear (21%), cervical (14%), and periauricular (7%). In 35% of the cases, several territories were involved. In 3 patients the adenopathies were fluctuating. Eleven anatomopathologic studies were performed with 6 diagnoses of granulomatous adenitis, 3 reactive adenitis and 2 purulent adenitis. The serology for Bartonella henselae was positive in all the patients with a range of 1/64-1/256. The evolution was favorable in all the patients. DISCUSSION: Interpretation of the results of serology should be cautions and always related to the clinical and epidemiological picture of the patient. This technique should be considered as another criteria in the diagnosis of cat scratch disease to the detriment of the cutaneous test.

Adolescent↗

PubMed1999

Cat-scratch disease: a case report.

Cat-scratch disease is the most common cause of benign lymphadenopathy in children and young adults. A 21-year-old patient presented with a 14-day history of asymptomatic left submental swelling. Clinical and radiographic examination revealed no dental cause. An enlarged, firm nodule was excised. The histopathologic appearance was consistent with cat-scratch disease. This article summarizes the relevant literature and discusses diagnosis and treatment of cat-scratch disease.

Adult↗

PubMed1975

Cat-scratch disease skin test. Studies of specificity and histopathologic features.

Microscopical examination of biopsy specimens from cat-scratch skin test sites, performed in patients with cat-scratch disease (CSD), sarcoidosis, tuberculosis, and other granulomatous diseases, showed noncaseating granulomatous dermal inflammation in 11 of 12 patients with CSD and in some patients with sarcoidosis or tuberculosis. Biopsy of cat-scratch skin test sites may be a useful ancillary procedure in diagnosing CSD if other granulomatous diseases are excluded.

Adolescent↗

PubMed2000

[Cat-scratch disease].

We report a case of fourteen years old boy with cat scratch disease. He was treated at Pediatric Clinic in January and February 2000. Cat scratch disease is benign infectious chronic disease which appears in all ages. It begins after contact with cat and its scratch. Yearly incidence of this disease for whole population is 0.77-0.86/100.000. The cause is bacillus Bartonella which is also called genus Rochalimaea. It is Gram negative, mobile, aerobe bacillus with ten flagellas on one pole. Our patient was admitted at hospital because of high temperature, paleness, fatigue, bad appetite and pains in his joint. Ultrasound and magnet resonance scans of liver and spleen showed enlarged but regulary contured liver and two focal changes with diameter 16 mm, 12 mm and 7 mm in spleen. All those focal changes were described as abscesses. Diagnose was set up according increasing titre of IF-Bartonella hensalae IgG 1:256 (positive). This diagnostic test was performed at Institute for microbiology and Immunology at Medical Faculty in Ljubljana. Disease had long lasting course, and was cured by antibiotics without surgical intervention.

Adolescent↗

PubMed2002

Cat scratch disease (CSD) in patients with stellate neuroretinitis: 3 cases.

This case series describes three patients with a similar clinical picture: unilateral abrupt visual loss, optic nerve edema, and a macular star exudate. In all cases we found significant antibody titers to Bartonella henselae, the causative agent of cat scratch disease. Cat scratch disease seems to be the most common cause of stellate neuroretinitis, formerly known as Leber's idiopathic stellate retinopathy. A review of the pertinent literature shows that serologic evidence of B. henselae is sufficient to confirm the diagnosis given the low incidence of significant titers in the general population. Cat scratch disease is usually a self limiting disorder in immunocompetent patients, but treatment with doxycycline is recommended.

Adult↗

PubMed2003

[Cat scratch disease with posterior segment involvement].

PURPOSE: To describe the clinical characteristics of patients with cat scratch disease during the last 2 years. METHODS: Clinical characteristics and anterior and posterior segment manifestations were reviewed in five patients who were serologically diagnosed as having cat scratch disease. RESULTS: Four women and one man were examined. Their ages ranged from 7 to 60 years. Each patient had a markedly elevated serum anti-Bartonella henselae antibody titer. Visual symptoms developed 2 weeks or less after the onset of systemic symptoms. Lymphadenopathy was detected in one of five patients. Neuroretinitis was found in 4 patients, and papillitis in 1 patient. Seven eyes showed retinochoroidal exudates. Anterior uveitis was observed in three eyes. Four patients received systemic corticosteroids. CONCLUSION: The ocular manifestations of cat scratch disease include neuroretinitis, papillitis, retinochoroidal exudates, and anterior uveitis.

Adult↗

PubMed2003

[Hepatosplenic localization of cat scratch disease in immunocompetent adults. Two cases].

The infective agent responsible for cat scratch disease, Bartonella henselae, is a rare cause of hepatic granulomatosis in immunocompetent adults. Clinical features include a prolonged fever or more typical symptoms such as lymphadenopathy associated with painful hepatomegaly and a fever following a cat scratch or bite. Images of micronodular hepatosplenic lesions on abdominal ultrasonography or computed tomography scan along with epithelioid granulomas in a liver biopsy can suggest this diagnosis. It is established with a serology by indirect immunofluorescence or by ELISA and/or the presence of Bartonella henselae DNA evidenced by PCR in the liver biopsy. We report two cases of hepatosplenic localizations of cat scratch disease in a 41-year-old woman and a 44-year-old man presenting asthenia and fever associated with a biological inflammatory syndrome and elevated liver enzymes.

Adult↗

PubMed1992

Multiple scattered granulomatous skin lesions in cat scratch disease.

We report a patient with cat scratch disease who presented with multiple scattered nodular lesions on the legs. Examination of skin biopsy specimens revealed a granulomatous pattern. In our opinion, this is a previously undescribed secondary cutaneous reaction of cat scratch disease. The pathogenesis of this reaction is unclear but some data suggest that the eruption might be caused by a hematogenous spread of cat scratch disease bacteria to the skin. Pathogenetic relationships with so-called bacillary angiomatosis, recently described in patients with acquired immunodeficiency syndrome, are reviewed here.

Cat-Scratch Disease↗

PubMed1992

Cat-scratch disease: orthopaedic presentation.

Although cat-scratch disease is not uncommonly treated by pediatricians, it is rarely seen by orthopaedists. In this review of cat-scratch disease, two cases with orthopaedic manifestations are high-lighted. One patient had a positive bone scan in the distal humerus that simulated osteomyelitis on presentation. The second patient presented with a rapidly enlarging soft-tissue mass in the arm that resembled a soft-tissue sarcoma. The diagnosis of cat-scratch disease eventually was made late in the course of management in both cases. Both patients underwent surgical drainage and evacuation of the suppurated lymph node and recovered without sequelae.

Adolescent↗

PubMedDate not supplied

Cat-scratch disease in children at a medical center.

BACKGROUND: Cat-scratch disease (CSD) is a well-recognized, benign, self-limited regional lymphadenopathy occurring in immunocompetent patients. Several retrospective studies have demonstrated that CSD occurs at all ages, however, the disease appears to be more common in children. We conducted a retrospective case study of CSD in children presenting at our hospital, and reviewed the relevant literature. METHODS: The medical records for eight children (age range 4-13 years) diagnosed with cat-scratch disease at the Tri-service General Hospital in Taipei from September 1, 1986 to September 1, 2002 were retrospectively reviewed. Clinical manifestations, diagnostic methods, and treatment types were assessed. RESULTS: The male gender predominated (75%); the median age was 8.6 years. The latency period ranged from 7 days to 1 month, with a median diagnostic interval of 8.5 days. There were no deaths. All patients had lymphadenopathy, and the axillary node was the most prevalent site (62.5%). The most common locations for the scratch or inoculation lesions were the hands and/or fingers (62.5%). Three patients were diagnosed from clinical symptoms and history (37.5%), three from serological study (37.5 %), and two using biopsy or aspiration (25%). All patients were given antibiotic treatment. The most commonly used antibiotic was gentamicin (75%), with the average duration of treatment 8.7 days. The average hospital stay was 8 days, with the lymph-node size reduced relative to pretreatment baseline in all except one case. CONCLUSION: In our experience, the long-term prognosis for children with typical CSD is favorable, and gentamicin may be a good antibiotic option.

Adolescent↗

PubMed2006

Somatostatin receptor scintigraphy in patients with cat-scratch disease.

AIM: Somatostatin receptor scintigraphy images various neoplastic, granulomatous, and auto-immune diseases. Cat-scratch disease in an infectious granulomatous disease usually affecting the lymphnodes. It is not known whether cat-scratch disease provides positive somatostatin receptor scintigrams. PATIENTS, METHODS: Twelve patients with lymphadenitis and suspected cat-scratch disease were investigated by immunofluorescence antibody testing and somatostatin receptor scintigraphy. Suppurated lymphnodes were extracted or drained and Bartonella henselae specific PCR was then performed. RESULTS: Eleven of 12 patients showed IgG antibodies against B. henselae. SRS showed positive scintigraphic results in 6 of 11 patients with CSD. B. henselae DNA was detected in tissue of lymphnodes from 4 of 5 patients with lymphnode extraction or lymphnode drainage. SRS demonstrated positive scintigrams in all patients with a positive PCR. In one patient with suspected CSD SRS was negative as well as antibody testing. CONCLUSION: Somatostatin receptor scintigraphy correlated with positive Bartonella henselae specific PCR tests and positive Bartonella henselae specific antibody tests in patients with CSD.

Animals↗

PubMed1990

[Cat-scratch disease].

Cat scratch disease is an infectious disorder caused by a Gram-negative bacterium. The classical form is heralded by a scratch, subsequently red papules develops at the place of the inoculation. After an incubation period of one to two weeks lympadenopathy without lymphangitis occurs, with tender, red, warm and indurated skin as well as fever and general malaise. In the atypical form, different organs may be involved. Specific treatment is not indicated and the overall prognosis is good. The diagnoses of cat scratch disease can be sustained by a skin test.

Cat-Scratch Disease↗

PubMed1990

Neuroretinitis in cat scratch disease.

We report a patient with neuroretinitis, whose associated lymphadenopathy, exposure to cats, and strongly positive cat scratch antigen skin tests suggested the diagnosis of cat scratch disease. Cat scratch disease should be added to the list of infectious agents believed to produce the clinical picture of neuroretinitis.

Adult↗

PubMed1977

Cat scratch disease: report of case and discussion.

A case of cat scratch disease with a submental mass as the initial symptom has been presented. The disease should be considered in the evaluation of swellings and masses of the cervicofacial region. However, because of the benign course of cat scratch disease, other more serious disease processes must be ruled out before establishing the diagnosis of cat scratch disease.

Adult↗