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At least 325 records · Page 18Linked to original sources
PubMed1990

[Biological effect of brown coal dust on the bronchopulmonary system and immunocompetent organs (experimental morphological study)].

Inhalation of the brown coal samples caused anthracosis with progressive growth in the postinhalation period and concomitant catarrhal-desquamative bronchitis, lymphoid tissue hyperplasia, emphysema, along with granuloma formation. The cases studied were marked with increased number and thickness of the argyrophile and reticuline fibres around the bronchi, vessels, granuloma and in the interalveolar septum. Changes were detected in the immunocompetent organs' state which might influence the homeostasis and the immune system. Complex cytomorphological investigation of the bronchopulmonary and immunocompetent systems can be applied to in biological studies of different aerosols.

Air Pollutants↗
PubMed1990

[Dust deposits in lung tumors--cause and significance].

In the diagnosis of a so-called scar carcinoma, one of the accepted morphological characteristics is the deposition of dust in tumours of the lung. In 50 bronchial carcinomas in former miners and patients not occupationally exposed to dust, the cause and significance of such lesions were investigated in autopsy and surgical material. Impregnation with dust must be considered to be a secondary phenomenon of the infiltrative tumour growth. Such depositions depend upon previously present dust depositions in the pulmonary parenchyma and on the localisation of the tumour, and reveal a clear correlation with the histological type and degree of differentiation of the tumour.

Adenocarcinoma↗
PubMed1990

[Rapidly progressive glomerulonephritis in pneumoconiotic coal miners].

We review a series of 11 silicotic coal miners demonstrating a progressive renal failure with a syndrome of rapidly progressive glomerulonephritis. Renal biopsies reveal crescentic glomerulonephritides associated three times with angeitis. These cases confirm that silica induced glomerulonephritides can be an occupational hazard and warrant further clinical and epidemiological research.

Adult↗
PubMedDate not supplied

[Effects of nasal respiration on the thermo-adaptive capacity of the airways].

Respiratory thermography characterizes the role of nasal respiration in the thermo-adaptive function of airways. During nasal inspiration the air temperature in alveoli is 1.5--2.0 degrees C higher than during oral inspiration not only in patients with chronic pulmonary diseases but also in healthy people. In this context, correction of nasal respiration in people with chronic pulmonary diseases should be considered as an efficient factor for preventing exacerbation of the diseases.

Adaptation, Physiological↗
PubMedDate not supplied

[Selected parameters of the immune system in coal miners with pneumoconiosis].

The study was carried out in a group of 84 men divided in three groups: I--41 miners with simple pneumoconiosis, II--25 miners exposed to coal dust for the same period, and III--28 healthy persons of similar age (control group). All the persons were studied for absolute and proportional values of T and B lymphocytes, also subpopulation of TH helper lymphocytes and TS suppressor lymphocytes, a lymphocyte index (TH/TS) was determined. Besides, the concentration of serous immunoglobulins IgG, IgA and IgM was determined. The author showed a statistically significant decrease in the number of TS suppressor lymphocytes in the group of patients with pneumoconiosis and at the same time an increase in the lymphocyte index in comparison with the other groups. Besides, the author also found a significant decrease in the total amount of T lymphocytes in the same group and at the same time an increase in the concentrations of serous immunoglobulins IgG, IgA. The changes observed in the immunological system in patients with pneumoconiosis may lie at the bottom of the pathogenesis of fibrosis .

Adult↗
PubMed1989

[Pathomorphosis of coniotuberculosis].

Changes in the epidemiology, morphology and clinical picture of active anthracotic tuberculosis within the last 20 years referred to an increase in the average age of the patients and the length of service under dust conditions. Among the patients with anthracotic tuberculosis the number of drufters increased while the number of coal cutters and breakage face workers decreased. There was observed a rise in the proportion of infiltrative tuberculosis and tuberculomas of the lungs with a simultaneous decrease in the proportion of fibrocavernous tuberculosis. At present the process of active anthracotic tuberculosis is more favourable. The percentage of extended forms of anthracotic tuberculosis decreased.

Adult↗
PubMed1989

Mineral fibres and dusts in lungs of subjects living in an urban environment.

We have undertaken a study on 200 autopsy lung samples collected from subjects who lived in the Rome urban area and were not occupationally exposed to mineral dusts. The samples belonged to subjects who died aged between 15 and 65, both male and female. Subjects suffering from diseases and drug addicts were excluded. The purpose of this investigation was to determine whether any correlation existed between subjects' life-style, in particular smoking habits, and the presence of mineral fibres and dusts in their lungs. The data obtained were compared with those on airborne mineral dusts in the environment of the subjects themselves, particularly data on the concentration and types of mineral fibres present in that environment.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1989

[CT diagnosis of coal workers' pneumoconiosis].

In order to evaluate the usefulness of CT in CWP, 100 coal workers were examined with both chest radiograph and CT scan. Comparison was done, the result indicated that both modalities yielded similar sensitivity to simple CWP. The CT score of simple CWP correlated well with ILO classification and 1986 Chinese criteria for staging of pneumoconiosis, whereas in complicated CWP, the CT scan was significantly superior to chest radiograph. CT scan identified readily large opacities. It could detect large opacities in 40% of simple CWP diagnosed on the basis of chest radiograph. CT scan also identified more cavities and calcifications within large opacities. The CT attenuation values were less reliable. The authors were of the opinion that at present CT attenuation values is not recommended for routine evaluation of CWP.

Adult↗
PubMed1989

[Application of polarized microscopy and analytic electron microscopy in pneumoconiotic pathologic examination].

38 cases of pneumoconiotic pathologic slides have been reexamined by polarized microscopy, among this, 3 cases (every 1 case of silicosis, asbestosis, cement dusts pneumoconiosis) have investigated by analytic electron microscopy. Authors presented, crystal silica and asbestos fiber may be showing under polarized light, and often associated with carbon dusts or fibrotic proliferation. So that, polarized microscopy may be as a preliminary detect method for silica and uncoated asbestos fiber from histologic slide, according to its dimension, color, lightness, morphologic feature and position were differential diagnosis from other positive substance under routine pathologic examination, further demonstration must to be reduced to ashes and re-observation under polarized microscopy. Also we selected 3 cases of silicosis, asbestosis, cement dusts pneumoconiosis specimen prepared to ultramicrotomic slides and examined by H-800 electron microscopy, when discovered some particles (such as crystal, non-crystal or fibrotic dusts) in cytoplasm of macrophages or interstitial space then used EDAX estimated. Its elements distribution were conformity with dusts (silica, asbestos, cement dusts).

Anthracosilicosis↗
PubMed1988

The role of soluble acids from oxidative-hydrolytic breakdown of coal in the development of the fibrous process in anthracosis.

The oxidative-hydrolytic mechanism of interaction of coal with tissue medium and the formation of humic acids (HA) and polycarboxylic acids (PCA) from coal in the organism were demonstrated. The composition of PCA obtained from the coal withdrawn from the organism of animals was investigated by gas-liquid chromatography by means of which 28 acids of the aromatic series were identified. The method of elemental spectral analysis revealed the transition of a number of macro- and microelements into the medium of the organism. It has been shown experimentally that the decrease in the mass of coal correlates with the fibrogenic process. The conclusion has been drawn that the soluble products of the oxidative-hydrolytic breakdown of coal in the organism are among the fibrogenic factors of pneumosclerosis in anthracosis. The initial mechanism in the development of fibrosis is the damage caused by polycarboxylic acids to the microcirculatory bed of the lungs and the structures of the aerohematic barrier.

Animals↗