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At least 325 records · Page 18Linked to original sources
PubMed2002

Use of electrogastrography in children.

Electrogastrography (EGG), the measurement of gastric pacemeaker activity by means of surface electrodes, provides a noninvasive technique to detect and quantify the characteristics of the gastric slow wave. With a predominant frequency of three cycles per minute, the activity of the specialized cells responsible for this pacing, the interstitial cells of Cajal, is crucial in providing the underlying electrophysiologic changes that enable coordinated smooth muscle contraction and synchronized peristalsis. Advances in electronics and software to define frequency distribution, stability of the signal, postprandial changes, and other parameters have contributed to more widespread interest in EGG and its application to the investigation of functional gastrointestinal disturbances. Definition of pediatric norms and postnatal changes in the EGG of premature infants has provided the foundation for further studies investigating correlative changes with such important functions as gastric emptying and motility. The EGG remains a promising diagnostic tool. Future studies will help define its usefulness in identifying abnormal functions of the interstitial cells of Cajal.

Child↗
PubMed1991

Spectrum of chronic dyspepsia in the presence of the irritable bowel syndrome.

The irritable bowel syndrome is characterized by the presence of abdominal pain associated with disturbed defecation; certain symptoms are able to discriminate the irritable bowel syndrome from organic disease. Functional dyspepsia is also common in patients with symptoms otherwise compatible with the irritable bowel syndrome. Approximately one-third of patients with functional dyspepsia have symptoms thought to be of colonic origin. Despite this, functional dyspepsia can be distinguished from the irritable bowel syndrome on the basis of symptom criteria. A generalized motility disturbance may explain the presence of dyspepsia in patients with the irritable bowel syndrome. Whether a specific type of dyspepsia occurs in this syndrome is not established.

Chronic Disease↗
PubMed1985

[Ogilvie's syndrome--a case report and review].

Ogilvie's syndrome is caused from functional obstruction of the colon without mechanical stenosis and also termed as pseudo-obstruction of the colon. This disease is seen in patient who has other causative distress. The pathogenesis of this rare entity is unknown but it is suspected that there may be an underlying autonomic disturbance which causes non-mechanical obstruction of the colon. Most of the case reports on Ogilvie's syndrome have appeared in European and North American journals but are extremely rare in Japan. Some cases which have been categorized "spastic ileus" may be included in this syndrome. We recently experienced a patient with cerebral infarction who developed non-mechanical obstruction of the colon. This patient was treated successfully with an exploratory laparotomy and sigmoidostomy. It is considered that early diagnosis is an essential part of the initial management of this syndrome. Conservative treatment is indicated for most of the patients but a definitive surgical therapy is occasionally necessary.

Aged↗
PubMed2002

Intestinal microflora and oral bacteriotherapy in irritable bowel syndrome.

On the basis of many clinical and experimental observations, it would appear feasible to hold that the characteristics of the luminal milieu, the relationship, the balance between luminal prokaryotic cells and mucosal eukaryotic cells and the consequent immunological and humoral local and systemic responses take part in the pathophysiology of several diseases and, consequently bacteriotherapy can play a relevant role in the treatment and prevention of irritable bowel syndrome and more in general, of the intestinal functional disorders. The irritable bowel syndrome is characterised by sudden and unforeseeable changes in the two main symptoms, constipation and diarrhoea, even within a few days. The amount and composition of proximal colon microflora, increasing with regard to the above-mentioned factors, and the time in which this development occurs, are, in our opinion, elements taking part, together with colon dysmotility and alterations of visceral perception, in the onset of the variability in stool frequency, typical of these patients. The present open noncontrolled trial is the first observation showing a clinical improvement related to changes in the composition of the faecal bacterial flora and in faecal biochemistry and, remarkably, in the colonic motility pattern, all of which induced by administration of probiotics, in patients with functional diarrhoea.

Adult↗