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At least 325 records · Page 18Linked to original sources
PubMed1993

Data management in multi-center clinical trials and the role of a nation-wide computer network. A 5 year evaluation.

Multidisciplinary collaboration in multi-center trials needs a formalized data management structure to ensure true progress monitoring and high quality research data. Cadans, a customized facility for data management, related to the Interuniversity Cardiology Institute of the Netherlands, designed a computer-based data management system for multidisciplinary multi-center collaborative research projects. In this paper we describe the system and the role of integrated access to research databases on a data network. Areas of concern are also discussed.

Cardiology↗
PubMed1995

The health sciences librarian as Internet navigator and interpreter.

Over the past several years, thousands of networked information resources have become available to individuals and institutions with access to the Internet. Unfortunately, the dizzying array of computing and networking environments often frustrates end users' attempts to navigate the Internet. Librarians have begun to take responsibility not only for instructing users in the use of basic network tools such as file transfer, remote log-in, and electronic mail, but also for answering questions concerning network access and even information system design. The authors show how, by continuing to adapt to this new and volatile environment, health sciences librarians find themselves playing increasingly important roles in shaping the information policies and practices of their institutions. To illustrate these new roles, the authors review the experiences of health sciences librarians at the University of California, Los Angeles, and the University of California, San Diego. These institutions have varying and complex networking environments, and their biomedical libraries have taken lead roles in clarifying and interpreting their particular Internet features.

California↗
PubMed1995

Secure and protected network connection between medical and external networks.

Internal and world-wide communication, access to medical databases, and information services are essential demands in the science of medicine not only for research, but also for improving patient care. A network connection between the medical network of the Erlangen University Hospital and other international networks was examined as a concept within the scope of a Erlangen Hospital Communication System (EKKS) project and tested with an actual installation.

Computer Communication Networks↗
PubMed1996

Managing secure computer systems and networks.

No computer system or computer network can today be operated without the necessary security measures to secure and protect the electronic assets stored, processed and transmitted using such systems and networks. Very often the effort in managing such security and protection measures are totally underestimated. This paper provides an overview of the security management needed to secure and protect a typical IT system and network. Special reference is made to this management effort in healthcare systems, and the role of the information security officer is also highlighted.

Computer Communication Networks↗
PubMed1997

Boosting bandwidth.

The good news is that newer, faster technology is opening up new horizons for networked applications. The bad news? Figuring out how much bandwidth to install to meet future demands, without overbuilding and suffering a poor ROI.

Computer Communication Networks↗
PubMedDate not supplied

Telemedicine expanding the scope of health care information.

The definition of health information is growing to include multimedia audio, video, and high-resolution still images. This article describes the telemedicine program at East Carolina University School of Medicine, including the telemedicine applications presently in use and the virtual reality applications currently under development' Included are the major design criteria that shape the telemedicine network some of the lessons learned in developing the network, and a discussion of the future of telemedicine, including efforts to incorporate telemedicine within a fully integrated health information system.

Computer Communication Networks↗
PubMed1995

Evolving community health information networks.

A community health information network (CHIN) provides technology-based information services to help maintain optimal health for all the residents of a community. Defining features of a CHIN are that its services are available to all stakeholders and that competitors collaborate to share information. The initial impetus for a CHIN is usually to facilitate paying for health care or to share clinical records. Complex legal, organizational, funding, and control issues confront CHIN initiators, and reliable models do not exist today. During development, issues of program focus and technology selection arise, followed by concerns about information privacy and the CHIN's role in quality of care. Once basic capabilities are implemented, a mature CHIN can offer extensive cost-recovering health-related services to providers, related agencies, and consumers. Developments are underway that eventually will allow a CHIN to support a fully integrated longitudinal health record. A national network of mature CHINs would offer health care professionals further collaborative possibilities that could change the shape of future health care.

Community Health Planning↗
PubMed1996

Information technology, Part 3. The technology hierarchy.

The era of the networked society--and medical care depending on networked intelligence--is dawning. Physicians need to plan for office practice information systems in common, with an eye to conveying data electronically between all the locations of care and all the providers involved in caring for defined populations of people. The shared database will become the most important asset of the collection of providers who make up the delivery system that creates it. This will be accomplished by layering technology on local and wide-area networks of group practices, hospitals, health plans, and payers and developing standards that make data accessible in the same format to all users, no matter where they are.

Computer Communication Networks↗
PubMed1994

[Cost effectiveness and patient benefit of digital image management systems for radiology].

In many countries today, politicians are faced with the difficulty of having to reduce the overproportional increase in the cost of healthcare. In this context the contribution of medical technology to costs in the total spent are nearly always overestimated and its potential for savings underestimated. Based on international studies, investment and subsequent running costs for large, high-tech systems for diagnosis and therapy will be shown to account for only about 1% of the total cost of healthcare. Impressive examples of the application of computed tomography, magnetic resonance tomography and digital angiography deliver statistics regarding valid patient benefits and efficiency of modern diagnostic imaging systems. Studies about related therapeutic possibilities of angioplasty and extra-corporal lithotripsy demonstrate the overall economic advantages of modern medical technology. Arising from the positive results due to the use of such equipment, the additional cost savings potential to be expected by networking these digital modalities with one another, as well as with other information and communications technology systems, will be analysed. The results will be assessed and compared to experience gained from routine clinical operation of such integrated systems. 72% of the total turnover of the Medical Engineering Group of Siemens AG for diagnostic imaging modalities in 1991/1992 arose from digital imaging modalities, and this percentage is expected to continue to increase. This paper will concentrate on these modern digital methods.

Computer Communication Networks↗
PubMed2003

Data security issues arising from integration of wireless access into healthcare networks.

The versatility of having Ethernet speed connectivity without wires is rapidly driving adoption of wireless data networking by end users across all types of industry. Designed to be easy to configure and work among diverse platforms, wireless brings online data to mobile users. This functionality is particularly useful in modern clinical medicine. Wireless presents operators of networks containing or transmitting sensitive and confidential data with several new types of security vulnerabilities, and potentially opens previously protected core network resources to outside attack. Herein, we review the types of vulnerabilities, the tools necessary to exploit them, and strategies to thwart a successful attack.

Computer Communication Networks↗
PubMed1988

The case for the HL7 standard.

An effort begun in the spring of 1987 by a group of executives within the healthcare industry to establish a Level 7 networking standard (HL7) is rapidly gaining momentum. This article discusses a draft Level 7 protocol which has been produced to ease the complications inherent in the multi-vendor environment of healthcare communications.

Computer Communication Networks↗
PubMed1991

Molecular dynamics simulation on a network of workstations using a machine-independent parallel programming language.

Molecular dynamics simulations investigate local and global motion in molecules. Several parallel computing approaches have been taken to attack the most computationally expensive phase of molecular simulations, the evaluation of long range interactions. This paper develops a straightforward but effective algorithm for molecular dynamics simulations using the machine-independent parallel programming language, Linda. The algorithm was run both on a shared memory parallel computer and on a network of high performance Unix workstations. Performance benchmarks were performed on both systems using two proteins. This algorithm offers a portable cost-effective alternative for molecular dynamics simulations. In view of the increasing numbers of networked workstations, this approach could help make molecular dynamics simulations more easily accessible to the research community.

Algorithms↗
PubMed1994

A high-speed network for cardiac image review.

A high-speed fiber-based network for the transmission and display of digitized full-motion cardiac images has been developed. Based on Asynchronous Transfer Mode (ATM), the network is scaleable, meaning that the same software and hardware is used for a small local area network or for a large multi-institutional network. The system can handle uncompressed digital angiographic images, considered to be at the "high-end" of the bandwidth requirements. Along with the networking, a general-purpose multi-modality review station has been implemented without specialized hardware. This station can store a full injection sequence in "loop RAM" in a 512 x 512 format, then interpolate to 1024 x 1024 while displaying at 30 frames per second. The network and review stations connect to a central file server that uses a virtual file system to make a large high-speed RAID storage disk and associated off-line storage tapes and cartridges all appear as a single large file system to the software. In addition to supporting archival storage and review, the system can also digitize live video using high-speed Direct Memory Access (DMA) from the frame grabber to present uncompressed data to the network. Fully functional prototypes have provided the proof of concept, with full deployment in the institution planned as the next stage.

Cardiology↗
PubMed2003

A human tissue and data resource: an overview of opportunities, challenges, and development of a provider/researcher partnership model.

As we continue to strive to apply the findings of in vitro and animal studies to human disease and transition from genomics to proteomics, we will experience an ever-increasing need for human tissues. A web based system that provides access to tissues repositories and associated data will best facilitate the access to these vital resources and the application of research information to human disease treatment. There are organizational and design requirements that must be addressed in the implementation of the infrastructures that are needed to implement such a system, with special attention paid to the protection of patient anonymity. This report describes the implementation of a prototype human tissue network in the hope of encouraging implementation of similar systems among other consortia of providers and researchers.

Animals↗
PubMed1992

The CD-ROM experience at Loma Linda: the issues of training, logistics, and creative financing.

Since the end of 1987, the Medical Center and University libraries at Loma Linda have progressed from stand-alone CD-ROM-based workstations for access to MEDLINE to networked CD-ROM access to a variety of databases. T.O.M.M.I. (Total Online Medical Material Integration) is a CD-ROM-based wide area network linking the Loma Linda University Medical Center, Loma Linda University, and other entities in Loma Linda, California. T.O.M.M.I., a microcomputer-based system, represents the implementation of IAIMS at Loma Linda. In addition to discussing the issue of "downsizing" campus-wide information networks, this article focuses on the issues of training, handling of logistical problems, and the use of creative financing.

CD-ROM↗
PubMed1990

[Long-term experience with a PACS subsystem].

Our experiences with a PACS-Subsystem have shown, that it would be more usefull and less expensive, first to install digital archiving systems in single areas. After a certain time of errorfree working the subsstems should be integrated into a superior information system. Fast data networks and userfriendly viewing stations are a basic requirement. Common standards of archiving, independent of the manufacturer, should be considered.

Angiography, Digital Subtraction↗
PubMed1986

Overview of an architectural approach to the development of the Johns Hopkins Hospital distributed clinical information system.

The Johns Hopkins Hospital has initiated an ambitious program to apply modern technologies to the development of a new, comprehensive clinical information system. Since many components of a system exist and since the JHH management is decentralized, a distributed, networked system is being built. To properly accomplish this task an architectural basis for strategic systems planning was developed. This paper reviews briefly the layered architectural approach.

Computer Communication Networks↗