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Several areas of HTML-applications using intranet-technology are presented, which are in routine use in our hospital: CBT for nurses and medical students, drug information, electronic literature retrieval systems and laboratory information systems. The basic concept is an integration of commercial databases and local information. All applications are hardware-independent with the same user-interface and all use client-server-technology. By a central update it is ensured that everybody gets the most recent information. As a result of these efforts synergy has developed. The training of the medical staff is supported which helps to improve the care of the patients.
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The basic activity of the student during the "computer training process" is the introduction and processing of information. In the dialogue regime of work, between student and computer, the velocity and accuracy of the information processing take important place. In this aspect, special attention is given to the changes in the indicated indices during the computer lesson, computer plays and the traditional training. Studies are carried out on 30 students from classes X and XI, educated in vocational school "V. Levski", the town of Pravets. For the purpose is used electron determinator with test programme, containing consecutively exposure to 50 visual stimulators in red, blue, green, yellow and white colours at 1,2 s/speed. The results as a whole show that the most favourable results concerning the computer plays, very likely could be explained with the diversion effect and the positive motivation adjustment to the activity performed. By means of dispersion analysis is established, that only the type of activity has an essential effect on the velocity and accuracy of the information processing.
The evolution of the field of biomedical technology has led to the diffusion of an impressive number of medical devices into healthcare institutions. In this environment, Clinical Engineering Departments (CEDs) are expanding their role in healthcare technology management, by changing their structure and introducing quality systems in order to improve their services and monitor the outcomes. In the framework of the national project BIOTECHNET II, a software tool for the management of biomedical technology, named CLE-MANTIS, has been developed, with the aim to assist CEDs in their tasks. CLE-MANTIS functions include the upkeep of an inventory, the support and monitoring of scheduled maintenance, corrective maintenance, vigilance, equipment acquisition and replacement, service contract management and user training. The system offers clinical engineers the possibility to monitor and evaluate the quality and cost-effectiveness of their departments through the monitoring of quality and cost indicators. This paper presents the main features and functions of the system.
An emergency department (ED) clinical system was developed by in-house personnel, with ED physician, nursing, registration and clerical staff input. The utilization of existing hardware and customization of the hospital's mainframe hospital information system (HIS) facilitated the implementation of a cost-effective system that meets the information access needs of a busy, state-of-the-art academic ED. The transition to automation of the ED was facilitated through the use of a comprehensive training plan and change strategies.
The effectiveness and efficiency of the active interlocked modeling (AIM) dyadic protocol in training complex skills has been extensively demonstrated. However, past evaluation studies have all used male participants exclusively. Consequently, the present study investigated the generalizability of the effectiveness and efficiency gains to women. We randomly assigned 108 female participants to either the AIM-dyad condition or a standard individual control training condition. The results supported the robustness and viability of the AIM protocol. Although their overall performance was lower than that obtained for men in previous studies, women trained in the AIM-dyad condition performed as well as those trained in the individual condition. Thus, the efficiency gains associated with the AIM-dyad protocol, which result from the ability to train two people simultaneously to reach the same performance level as a single person with no increase in training time or machine cost, are generalizable to female participants. The applied and basic research implications of the present study are discussed within the context of well-documented male/female differences in the performance of complex psychomotor tasks. For instance, given the number of women entering the workforce and the significant proportion of women in professions previously deemed to be male-dominated (e.g., air navigation), it is reassuring to know that sex differences in task performance do not necessarily imply sex differences in the effectiveness of training protocols.
Many computer-based information management systems designed for radiology departments are increasing productivity, lowering costs and even improving employee morale. But these results do not just happen. An effective training and implementation program, conducted before the system is installed, is crucial if staff members are to become comfortable with, and not overwhelmed by, the system. The author describes the training program used at Grant Hospital in Chicago, Illinois.
The training demands imposed by HIS installations are often substantial. And since hospitals have limited training budgets, quality can suffer. One hospital found that computer-based training (CBT) helped it meet the challenge.
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Through casual observations, formal consultations, and educational sessions, the authors have identified various indexing features of the National Library of Medicine's Medical Subject Headings (MeSH) that pose challenges to end users while attempting to obtain relevant retrieval when searching MEDLINE. These problematic features include the use of Explodes, Tree structures, subheadings, Text Word vs. subject heading searching, and central concept searching. End-user search software is becoming more sophisticated with an increasing number of choices offered for search strategy formulation. Methods of instruction to orient the end user to these systems will also have to become more detailed. A review of the literature, that discusses end-user problems with using MEDLINE and MeSH, is included.
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Researchers at the University of Washington have created and studied a computer-assisted, client-centered, prevention and education program that they hope will encourage risk-reduction behaviors and HIV testing, all on a more affordable basis.
OBJECTIVES: To compare two clinical workstations in one hospital with respect to technical, organizational, cultural and human factors. One clinical workstation was a GUI to the HIS. The other was an electronic patient record for stroke. METHODS: Data were collected by means of in-depth interviews with end-users of both clinical workstations. The interviews were audio taped and transcribed for analysis. RESULTS: End users assessed both clinical workstations as user friendly. Coordination between health care workers was perceived to be enhanced. However, in both situations poor communication between management, implementers and users resulted in uncertainty and skepticism about future perspectives. Further-more, it appeared that inpatient and outpatient settings needed clinical workstations with different requirements for an optimal fit between work practices and information system. CONCLUSIONS: Regardless of the domain and content of a workstation, it can support coordination between disciplines. The communication concerning the information technology strategy deserves much attention. Finally, the requirements for inpatient and outpatient workstations differ.
Colleague and PaperChase are the two most widely used computer systems designed specifically for clinicians and scientists who wish to search the National Library of Medicine's MEDLINE data base of references to the biomedical literature. The present study compares the performance of these two systems. Two matched groups of second-year medical students each received 3 hr of instruction, one group in Colleague, the other in PaperChase. Each student then attempted 10 test searches. The next day the groups were reversed, and each student attempted 5 additional searches. During 3 1/2 hr allocated for searching, users of Colleague attempted 64 test searches and retrieved 326 target references; users of PaperChase attempted 78 searches and retrieved 496. Users of Colleague took a mean of 2.2 min and spent a mean of $1.20 to find each target reference; users of PaperChase took 1.6 min and spent $0.92. We conclude that after limited training, medical students find more references faster and at lower cost with PaperChase than with Colleague.
Implementation of an ICU data management system requires consideration of many factors, including site preparation for equipment, system backup, ICU & medical staff training and evaluation. This paper describes the strategy for implementing a patient data management system at Cedars-Sinai Medical Center and details our steps for planning, training, configuration and problem resolution.
The purpose of this study was to identify nurses' computer training needs. A 20-statement questionnaire was circulated to 30 nurses. From the 26 responses received, a profile was created of the target group (nurses working in a teaching hospital), with a view to determining their current and desired level of knowledge. A number of diverse training needs were revealed through the study. The most interesting aspects, from the nurses' point of view, were those related to clinical practice and education. Figure one illustrates the low level of current knowledge of computer science. Figure two, however, demonstrates the high level of interest on the part of respondents (desired level) in becoming more computer literate and their wish to use computers in a wide range of applications, including teaching, health care delivery, clinical decision making and in-service training. Figure three highlights the training needs identified under each statement. The establishment of an information system in a teaching hospital setting is not dealt with in this article. This will be the subject of a second article, to appear next month. A number of teaching variables are described here, including the instructor, the learner, the training process itself, content, media and budgetary constraints. The outline of a training program will be proposed in a third and final article.
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