SEARCH · PubMed Health

Results for “DACRYOCYSTITIS”

Explore indexed PubMed citations for clinical trials, systematic reviews and public health research. Read source abstracts and follow each citation to its original PubMed record.

Quote a phrase for an exact phrase match. Source license links do not imply unrestricted reuse.

At least 325 records · Page 18Linked to original sources

PubMed1991

[Cefmenoxime penetration in human lacrimal sac mucosa after systemic administration].

Access to microbiological, pharmacokinetic and toxicological information is necessary for useful, controlled application of antibiotics in intraocular and periocular infections. It is important to know whether the antibiotic is effective against ophthalmologically relevant bacteria and if suprathreshold concentrations of the antibiotic can be achieved in the contaminated tissue. In the study presented we investigated the usefulness of cefmenoxime in cases of dacryocystitis. Lacrimal sac tissue--and serum specimens were obtained from 15 patients who underwent dacryocystorhinostomy 0.5 to 13 h after intravenous injection of 25 mg cefmenoxime kg. The usual Toti procedure was performed in 7 patients, whereas the other 8 underwent endonasal surgery. Out of the 15 patients 12 suffered from recurrent dacryocystitis. Before application of the antibiotic a serum control sample was obtained in all patients. The highest cefmenoxime levels in the lacrimal sac (72 mg/kg) were measured 30 min after injection. Thirteen hours after the injection, the cefmenoxime levels were too low to be measured. The levels of cefmenoxime in the lacrimal sac tissue were compared with the minimal inhibitory concentrations for the frequent occurrence of bacteria in lacrimal sac infections.

Adolescent↗

PubMed1989

Distention of the lacrimal sac in neonates.

We present seven cases of neonatal lacrimal sac distention, ranging from sterile dacryocystocele, subacute dacryocystitis, and acute dacryocystitis. Three patients were cured by probing, one by digital pressure decompression, and two by silicone tube intubation.

Dacryocystitis↗

PubMed1986

[Eosinophilic adenoma of the nose and ethmoid bone simulating a malignant tumor].

A 82-year old woman patient was first diagnosed to have a dacryocystitis and was treated at the Department of Ophthalmology. Clinical examination and x-ray of the paranasal sinuses including tomographs led to the suspicion of a malignant, infiltratively growing tumour in the region of the left cheek and of the left ethmoidal cells. After endonasal removal of the tumour that obstructed the left nasal cavity and ethmoidal cells, histological diagnosis revealed an eosinophilic adenoma. Dacryocystitis had been caused secondarily by the impairment of lacrymal flow. Now, one year later, the patient is free from any recurrence and clinical or subjective signs and symptoms.

Adenoma, Acidophil↗

PubMed1983

Inflammation of the lacrimal drainage system--assessment by thermography.

Thermography is an investigative tool without side effects. To our knowledge thermography has not been evaluated in the assessment of lacrimal passage inflammation and obstruction. It can give an objective assessment of presence and degree of inflammation. An infrared scanning device was used to detect surface temperatures in 29 patients with known disorders of the lacrimal drainage passage. Thermal images were compared for bilateral symmetry and against the normal thermographic appearance of the face. Acute dacryocystitis and canaliculitis showed gross hyperthermia and asymmetry. Forty-two percent of patients with a picture of chronic dacryocystitis and 40% of patients with only tearing and no clinical evidence of inflammation showed temperature elevation on the side of involvement, whereas 58% and 60% of these respective groups showed symmetrical thermal patterns, suggesting no active inflammation. In a few cases there were discrepancies between clinical assessment and objective thermographic evaluation of the degree of inflammation. The implications of our results and possible applications of thermography are discussed.

Acute Disease↗

PubMed1996

Endoscopic Intranasal dacryocystorhinostomy in forty-five patients.

OBJECTIVE: To observe the results of endoscopic intranasal dacryocystorhinostomy. METHODS: Forty-five patients (forty-eight eyes) suffering from chronic dacryocystitis received endoscopic intranasal dacryocystorhinostomy after November 1991, and were followed up for 3 to 36 months. RESULTS: Thirty-nine eyes were cured (81.2%). It is significantly effective (8.3%) in 4 eyes, and effective in 2 eyes (4.2%). The total effective rate was 93.7%. CONCLUSIONS: The intranasal approach is simple causing little bleeding and no facial scar. With the self-made dacryocyst-illuminator (diameter = 0.8 mm), and by transilluminating the lacrimal sac with fiberoptic intraocular endoilluminator bundle, the sac can be located endonasally, thus facilitating the approach.

Adult↗

PubMed2006

Paediatric endoscopic endonasal dacryocystorhinostomy in congenital nasolacrimal duct obstruction.

OBJECTIVES: The objectives of this study were to report a series of paediatric patients who underwent endoscopic endonasal dacryocystorhinostomy (DCR) for primary congenital nasolacrimal duct obstruction (NLDO). METHODS: This is a retrospective, noncomparative review of all consecutive cases in two lacrimal clinics between January 1999 and October 2004. The main outcome measures were patients' demographics, previous treatments, clinical presentation, operative and postoperative complications, postoperative follow-up and resolution of epiphora. RESULTS: Twenty-one patients (15 males) with a mean age of 6+/-3.5 years (range, 2-14 years) underwent 26 endoscopic DCR operations for congenital NLDO. Sixteen cases were unilateral, and five were bilateral. In 13 cases (50.0%), there was a history of epiphora and chronic dacryocystitis with or without a mucocele. Two cases (7.7%) presented with acute dacryocystitis, and 11 (42.3%) had only a history of epiphora. Previous procedures included probing and irrigation in 25 cases (96.2%) and insertion of Crawford tubes in 19 cases 973.1%). During a mean postoperative follow-up period of 18+/-8 months, the anatomical success rate (free flow of fluorescein sodium and patency of ostium on nasal endoscopy) was 100%, and the clinical success rate (resolution of epiphora) was 92.3%. CONCLUSION: Endoscopic endonasal DCR is an effective treatment modality for congenital NLDO that compares favourably with the reported success rates of external DCR.

Adolescent↗

PubMed1991

Congenital dacryocele. A collaborative review.

Fifty-four cases of congenital dacryocele from several medical centers were reviewed retrospectively. There was strong female preponderance (73%) and unilateral involvement (88%). Lacrimal sac contents could be expressed by local massage through the puncta in 21% of cases. Probing and irrigation were done under general (27.8%) or local (55.6%) anesthesia, while in other cases (16.7%), the cyst resolved before intervention. Recurrence of the dacryocele occurred in 10 patients (22%) after probing. Nasal cysts were visualized in six cases. Marsupialization of nasal cysts was necessary in four cases. In one center, after conservative therapy, 80% of cysts resolved spontaneously and 20% developed dacryocystitis. Surgical intervention is indicated in cases of dacryocystitis, cellulitis, breathing difficulty from large nasal cysts, recurrent dacryocele, and lack of its resolution after a short trial of digital massage.

Child, Preschool↗

PubMed1998

Dacryocystorhinostomy in south west England.

PURPOSE: To assess the pre-operative management, surgical technique employed, success rate and patient satisfaction following surgery in patients undergoing dacryocystorhinostomy (DCR) in South West England. METHOD: Two hundred and forty-two patients who underwent DCR were retrospectively studied. A telephone questionnaire was used to assess patient satisfaction in 100 patients. RESULTS: One hundred and thirteen (46%) patients had nasolacrimal duct obstruction, half of whom had a history of dacryocystitis, 70 (29%) had canalicular obstruction and 8 (3%) had mixed blockage. The site of blockage was not known or recorded in 51 patients (22%). Seventy-five (31%) patients underwent DCR, 151 (62%) DCR with insertion of silicon tubes, 9 (4%) DCR and Lester Jones tube, and 7 (3%) canaliculodacryocystorhinostomy (CDCR). Overall an 83.5% success rate was reported by the surgeons. The success rate for patients with a history of dacryocystitis was 98%, for nasolacrimal duct obstruction 96% and for canalicular obstruction 82%. When the site of blockage was not known or recorded the success rate was 60%. Where the name of the surgeon was not recorded there was a 15% successful outcome. Eighty per cent of patients reported some improvement in their symptoms following surgery. CONCLUSIONS: DCR is an effective surgical procedure with a high rate of patient satisfaction. Pre-operative identification of the site of the blockage is likely to improve surgical outcome.

Adolescent↗

PubMed1999

[Detection of human papillomavirus types in tumors and inflammations of the eye].

BACKGROUND: Infections by the human papillomavirus occur in the skin and in the mucosa. They may play a significant role in the neoplastic transformation of cells. At least half of all the epithelial tumours of the ocular surface and the lacrimal drainage system have been shown to be HPV associated. However, in ca. 50% of these tumors only a limited number of mucosal HPV types could be detected by commercially available test systems. This study reports of HPV specific sequences in putatively HPV associated tumorous and inflamed tissues of the eye. MATERIALS AND METHODS: 32 biopsies of 26 patients suffering from chronic hyperplastic lesions of the lid, conjunctiva and lacrimal drainage system were examined using DNA extraction, amplification of HPV specific sequences by nested polymerase chain reaction (PCR), cloning and sequencing of the PCR products. RESULTS: Ten HPV types could be detected in 11 biopsies of 8 patients with papillo-mas, seborrheic and actinic keratosis, dacryocystitis and syringoma. In 5 of 9 histologically verified papillomas HPV 6, 20, 23, DL 332 (HPV 5b-related), DL 284 (HPV 20-related) and NN-AA44 were detected, HPV 5b, 38 and DL 284 in seborrheic keratoses, HPV 36 in actinic keratosis, NN-AA44 und NN-AA45 in dacryocystitis and HPV 20, 23 and DL 332 in syringoma. CONCLUSIONS: The DNA techniques used in this study represent important methods for the detection of HPV types and allow an association of HPV types with defined tumours and inflammations of the eye. In two of the biopsies putatively new HPV types could be identified.

Adolescent↗

PubMed1986

[Complications following temporary occlusion of the nasolacrimal duct with tissue adhesive (Histoacryl)].

This paper presents 4 cases in which the punctum had been temporarily occluded with tissue adhesive, still showing toxic tissue reaction years later. Abscess, dacryocystitis, dacryocystitis with dacryolithiasis, dacryocellulitis and polyposis were found. In the light of these findings and the relevant literature-especially with regard to late injuries-it is not advisable to use tissue adhesive, at least not for the purpose of punctal occlusion.

Aged↗

PubMed1987

Pneumococci in ocular disease of children and their treatment.

A total of 171 isolates of Streptococcus pneumoniae were obtained from eyes of children who had congenital dacryocystitis, congenital cataract and glaucoma, acute bacterial conjunctivitis, corneal ulceration, nasolacrimal duct block, or discharging socket, or who had developed ectropion, endophthalmitis and orbital cellulitis. The highest number of strains was obtained from cases of dacryocystitis (74.4%), followed by conjunctivitis (8.2%) and those having developed nasolacrimal duct block (7.6%). The least overall resistance was to erythromycin (17.6%) and chloramphenicol (31.0%). Erythromycin being unavailable for ocular use in India, chloramphenicol was reported to be one of the best drugs against pneumococcal ocular infections in children, the other being cloxacillin, a 2.5% solution of which is made from injectable cloxacillin and used as an ophthalmic preparation. Their use on patients has met with considerable success. Nineteen out of 20 isolates were typeable--the types being 3, 46, 8, 28, 29, 45, 21 and 18. To the best of our knowledge, this is the first report from a developing country of serotyping ocular strains of pneumococci.

Adolescent↗

PubMed2003

Resolution of epiphora with nasolacrimal stents: results of long-term follow-up in a multicenter prospective study.

PURPOSE: To evaluate in a prospective, multicenter setting the long-term effectiveness of polyurethane stents in the percutaneous management of epiphora. MATERIALS AND METHODS: Patients (n = 426; age range, 19-88 years, mean, 48; 91 men, 335 women) with severe epiphora had stents (470 eyes/496 stents) inserted to treat unilateral or bilateral and complete or partial obstruction of the nasolacrimal system. The etiology of the obstruction was idiopathic in 280 cases (59.5%) and chronic dacryocystitis in 190 (40.4%). The stent set designed by Song was used in all patients, and the original technique was slightly modified by us and conducted on an outpatient basis. RESULTS: The initial technical success rate of stent placement was 95%. The average time of the procedure was 6 minutes (range, 3-70). Resolution of epiphora was complete in 452 eyes and partial in 18. On follow-up (mean, 24 months; range, 1 week to 67 months), 340 of 496 stents remained patent (68.5%). Segregating primary patency by year of follow-up, the rates were 75.6%, 68.4%, 64.8%, 60.1%, and 59.2% in the first, second, third, fourth, and the current (67 months) years, respectively. Minor complications such as moderate pain (21 cases), epistaxis (75 cases), palpebral edema and hematoma (31 cases), and headache (four cases) and two acute dacryocystitis events were recorded. Of the 156 obstructed stents, 114 were withdrawn, and 49 of these patients remained asymptomatic for a mean of 27 months (secondary patency, 31.4%). After stent removal, the sac configuration was unchanged in 93 (81.5%), contracted in 11 (9.6%), and widened in 10 (8.8%) cases. CONCLUSIONS: The procedure is simple and safe, both in stent insertion and in withdrawal when occluded. The success rate was >75% in the short term and >55% in the long term. Although not totally without concerns, the technique is attractive for most patients who prefer not to undergo surgery or are unsuitable surgical candidates. Stent failure does not preclude subsequent treatment options and is an excellent first-line treatment of epiphora.

Adult↗

PubMed1992

Management of congenital dacryocystocoele.

Congenital dacryocystocoele occurs when the nasolacrimal drainage apparatus in the newborn has concomitant blocks at the level of the junction of the common canaliculus with the lacrimal sac and at the distal end of the nasolacrimal duct. This results in a typical pink or blue swelling in the region of the medial canthus. Spontaneous resolution is common, although dacryocystitis may supervene. Treatment should be conservative unless dacryocystitis occurs, or intranasal extension coexists. A series of seven consecutive cases is presented and a management plan for the neonate with congenital dacryocystocoele is proposed.

Cysts↗

PubMedDate not supplied

Silicone intubation as an alternative to dacryocystorhinostomy for nasolacrimal drainage obstruction in adults.

Silicone tubing was used to repair the patency of the nasolacrimal drainage system in 115 patients (four bilaterally) with chronic nasolacrimal duct obstruction. The patients were over 20 years old and 16 were men and 99 women; 46% presented an uncomplicated obstruction with epiphora and 54% presented additional signs of chronic dacryocystitis. We used the technique of Quickert and Dryden with modifications. The silicone tube remained for a mean of 5.5 months (+/- 2.5 SD). After removal of the tube the follow-up ranged from 6 to 42 months (mean +/- SD: 16 +/- 9). Patency was maintained in 89% of cases with uncomplicated obstruction and in 69% of those with chronic dacryocystitis (total success rate 78%). We can therefore recommend silicone intubation of the lacrimal drainage system as an alternative to dacryocystorhinostomy (DCR), in adults with obstruction of the nasolacrimal duct. In addition, unlike DCR this technique is bloodless and the operation takes less time.

Adult↗

PubMed2000

Transcanalicular diode laser assisted dacryocystorhinostomy.

AIM OF THE STUDY: To assess the validity of transcanalicular diode laser assisted dacryocystorhinostomy (TLADCR) in the treatment of distal obstruction of the lachrymal pathways. MATERIAL AND METHOD: Between June 1999 and February 2000, 29 TLADCR were performed in the ENT department on 26 patients. Surgical indications included chronic dacryocystitis in 19 cases and dacryostenosis in 10 cases. In all cases but one, the surgery was carried out under a standard general anesthetic. The diode laser was used with a power setting of 10 watts. RESULTS: Seventeen out of 29 TLADCR were regarded as having successful outcomes. 2 out of 29 TLADCR had a little persisting tearing regarded as non debilitating and much less than which was present preoperatively. In 10 out of 29 TLADCR, the procedure was deemed a failure. These failures included 4 out of the 10 primary dacryostenosis and 6 out of the 19 chronic dacryocystitis. Two patients refused further treatment. In the other 8, surgical revision was undertaken via the traditional endonasal approach. In 7 of these cases, the lachrymal system was full of purulent secretions. COMPLICATIONS: Two patients developed a partial stenosis of one canaliculus that was diagnosed during the surgical revision. Another patient had a small fistula between the canalicular system and the skin of the corner of the eye that disappeared after the revision surgery. In one other case, the superior canaliculus was cauterised by the denudated portion of a resculpted laser fibre. Two bicanalicular nasal stent required reinsertion. Three patients developed a granuloma around the stent. Four patients developed an episode of infection whilst the stent was still in situ. CONCLUSION: Transcanalicular diode laser assisted dacryocystorhinostomy (TLADCR) performed with a 600-micron contact fibre is a relatively simple, elegant and effective procedure when used in conjunction with nasal endoscopy, to treat distal obstruction of the lachrymal pathways. But, the cost, the high prevalence of minor complications and the currently higher reported failure rate would favour external or endonasal approaches over this approach.

Adolescent↗

PubMed2001

Reconstruction of acquired nasolacrimal duct obstruction.

BACKGROUND: Acquired nasolacrimal duct obstruction is a common condition in patients who visit otolaryngologists and ophthalmologists. These patients often complain of epiphora and blurred vision, and sometimes they suffer from acute or chronic dacryocystitis. Other causes of acquired nasolacrimal duct obstruction include trauma, chronic inflammation, post-operative iatrogenic procedures, and tumors. Reconstruction of an acquired nasolacrimal duct obstruction provides great improvement in a patient's quality of life and satisfaction both functionally and cosmetically. In this paper, we report on surgical techniques of endonasal endoscopic dacryocystorhinostomy and traditional external dacryocystorhinostomy. A rare case of mechanical compression of the lacrimal sac by a frontal mucocele is also presented. METHODS: From 1989 through 1999, we treated 26 patients, 10 men and 16 women, with 28 cases of acquired nasolacrimal duct obstruction. Two patients had bilateral involvement. Five cases were complications of sinus surgery. Ten cases were acute dacryocystitis due to chronic nasolacrimal duct obstruction. One case of nasolacrimal duct obstruction was caused by a frontal mucocele. The remaining cases were non-specific nasolacrimal duct obstruction. Of all patients, 26 cases underwent external dacryocystorhinostomy, 1 underwent endonasal endoscopic dacryocystorhinostomy, and 1 case underwent frontal sinus dacryocystorhinostomy. RESULTS: Only 1 patient out of 28 cases that underwent surgery suffered from obstruction after external dacryocystorhinostomy for 3 months; 25 patients attained both anatomical success and clinical improvement. CONCLUSION: The success rates were high for patients undergoing either traditional external dacryocystorhinostomy or endonasal endoscopic dacryocystorhinostomy.

Dacryocystorhinostomy↗

PubMed2005

[The effect of bicanalicular silicone tube implantation on the success rate of endoscopic dacryocystorhinostomy].

OBJECTIVES: We evaluated operative success rates of endoscopic dacryocystorhinostomy with or without bicanalicular silicone tube implantation. PATIENTS AND METHODS: Twenty-six eyes of 24 patients with simple epiphora (23 eyes) or chronic dacryocystitis (3 eyes) were treated by endoscopic dacryocystorhinostomy with (18 eyes) or without (8 eyes) bicanalicular silicone tube implantation. In the implantation group, one patient underwent endoscopic sinus surgery and two patients underwent submucosal resection. The silicone tubes were removed after a mean of 4.48 months (range 7 days to 6 months). The mean follow-up period was 12.4 months. RESULTS: During the follow-up period, no significant differences were found between the two treatment groups with respect to the occurrence of epiphora. It disappeared in 17 eyes (94.5%) and in six eyes (75%) with or without silicone tube implantation, respectively. Operative success rates were significantly different between patients with simple epiphora (95.7%) and chronic dacryocystitis (33.3%). The only complication was a punctual damage seen in one patient. CONCLUSION: The lack of a significantly high influence on the success rate, increased operative cost, and the risk for complications due to silicone tube insertions may be considered disadvantages of bicanalicular silicone tube implantation.

Adult↗

PubMed1991

Prophylactic lacrimal intubation for protection of the nasolacrimal apparatus during elective orbital osteotomies.

The lacrimal excretory system may be damaged after midface trauma or tumor resection, or injured in association with elective osteotomies involving the medial and inferior orbital walls and rims. Epiphora or problems of recurrent purulent ocular discharge and dacryocystitis may arise. Using the technique described by Crawford, we recently began to intubate at the time of surgery the lacrimal systems of our patients undergoing total midface and orbital osteotomy. Examples of the outcome of this procedure are presented. There were no cases of worsened epiphora or dacryocystitis. We detailed the use of lacrimal intubation in patients who are at high risk for postoperative obstruction of the lacrimal excretory system. Although our study was small and uncontrolled, our intention is to draw attention to the potential of intubation as an adjunct to the craniofacial surgeon's usual procedures.

Adolescent↗